Parametric insurance offers better risk-sharing in high-risk settings than traditional indemnity insurance.
problem High-risk environments where traditional indemnity insurance is unaffordable or ineffective.
method Comparison of excess-of-loss indemnity insurance and parametric insurance within a mean-variance framework, considering fixed costs and binding budget constraints.
result Parametric insurance yields higher welfare for risk-averse individuals, especially when indemnity insurance is impractical.
This study tackles basis risk in weather parametric insurance using Monte Carlo simulations.
problem Mismatch between actual loss and payout in weather parametric insurance leads to loss without payout or payout without loss.
method Empirical research using Monte Carlo simulations to test diversification and hedging strategies.
result Portfolio basis risk and volatility decrease with more contracts, and spatial relationships significantly impact basis risk.
Study compares non-parametric models for predicting medical insurance reimbursement delays.
problem Estimating the time-lapse between medical insurance reimbursement.
method Comparative study of four non-parametric regression models (KNNs, SVMs, Decision Trees, Random Forests) using R-squared metric.
result Each model's performance varies with training data size, feature space, and hyperparameters.
Federated learning calibrates insurance indices from renewable energy producers' data.
problem Calibrating parametric insurance indices under heterogeneous renewable energy production losses.
method Federated learning framework using Tweedie GLMs and distributed optimization.
result Federated learning recovers comparable index coefficients under moderate heterogeneity.
We develop quantile regression models in order to derive risk margin and to evaluate capital in non-life insurance applications. By utilizing the entire range of conditional quantile functions, especially higher quantile levels, we detail how quantile regression is capable of providing an accurate estimation of risk ma…
Analyzes premium data of Indian non-life insurers, finding GEV distribution best fits Lognormal and GEV extremes.
problem Modeling premiums of non-life insurance companies in India.
method Empirical analysis using Lognormal, GEV, and GPD distributions.
result Generalized Extreme Value distribution best fits premium data for ten Indian non-life insurers.
Optimizes hybrid insurance contracts for heavy-tailed losses.
problem Providing insurance against heavy-tailed losses with finite expected loss.
method Combines traditional and parametric insurance, using a Pareto-type criterion for optimization.
result The hybrid contract outperforms traditional contracts in simulations and real data.
New model for disability insurance reserving handles delays in claim information.
problem Disability insurance claims are affected by long delays and adjudication processes.
method Proposes a new individual reserving model for real-time claim evolution.
result Shows that new reserves can be calculated as modifications of classic reserves.
Continuous time stochastic processes are useful models especially for financial and insurance purposes. The numerical simulation of such models is dependant of the time discrete discretization, of the parametric estimation and of the choice of a random number generator. The aim of this paper is to provide the tools for…
Method estimates joint distribution of bivariate outcomes.
problem Modeling dependence between bivariate outcomes.
method Semiparametric distribution regression.
result Method performs similarly or better than alternatives in finite samples.
New method estimates insurance risk dependencies.
problem Complex dependence between insurance risks.
method Modified continuous generalised method of moments (CGMM).
result Comparable estimators to Maximum Likelihood Estimation.
A new method for predicting insurance claims with statistical guarantees.
problem Creating accurate prediction intervals for insurance claims.
method Model-agnostic framework using split conformal prediction for frequency-severity modeling.
result Shows effectiveness on simulated and real datasets using various models.
Study shows conventional data prep fails for insurance data, proposing new methods.
problem Challenges in data preparation for insurance data lead to unreliable models.
method Proposes a new data preparation framework using support points and Chatterjee correlation coefficient.
result New methods significantly enhance model robustness and reduce computational resource requirements.
Paper presents a method for geographic ratemaking using spatial embeddings.
problem Lack of historical loss data in areas with high exposures.
method Construct spatial features within a complex representation model and use them as inputs to a predictive model.
result Predictions have smaller bias and variance than other spatial interpolation models.
Paper estimates spectral risk measures for insurance data with truncated and censored data.
problem Estimating spectral risk measures for insurance data with left truncation and right censoring.
method Proposes a non-parametric estimator using product limit estimator and establishes asymptotic normality.
result Proposed estimator outperforms existing methods for small k and small sample sizes.
This paper optimizes reinsurance contracts with belief differences between insurer and reinsurer.
problem Dynamic reinsurance design with heterogeneous beliefs under mean-variance framework.
method Modeling surplus process, applying partitioned domain optimization, solving HJB system.
result Optimal reinsurance contracts with belief heterogeneity are more complex than standard contracts.
lCARE improves EVaR model for time-varying tail risk by localizing parameters.
problem Time-varying tail risk in financial portfolios.
method Local parametric approach to fit expectile models, optimizing interval length.
result Optimal interval lengths for tail risk capture (3-6 months) improve risk assessment.
New method corrects bias in estimating entropic risk for better decision-making.
problem Underestimation of entropic risk when data are limited.
method Parametric bootstrap procedure to overestimate entropic risk.
result Corrected method provides better risk estimates, leading to improved decision-making.
Proposes a generalized XGBoost method for nonconvex loss functions.
problem Limited to convex loss functions in XGBoost.
method Extends XGBoost to use nonconvex loss functions and multivariate loss functions.
result Generalized XGBoost method can model multiple parameters in various distributions.
Within the Own Risk and Solvency Assessment framework, the Solvency II directive introduces the need for insurance undertakings to have efficient tools enabling the companies to assess the continuous compliance with regulatory solvency requirements. Because of the great operational complexity resulting from each comple…
A new multivariate distribution possessing arbitrarily parametrized and positively dependent univariate Pareto margins is introduced. Unlike the probability law of Asimit et al. (2010) [Asimit, V., Furman, E. and Vernic, R. (2010) On a multivariate Pareto distribution. Insurance: Mathematics and Economics 46(2), 308-31…
Study insurance pricing under correlation ambiguity without increasing prices or reducing utility.
problem Understanding the dependence structure between insurance and financial risks.
method Dynamic equilibrium analysis of insurance pricing with worst-case beliefs.
result Correlation ambiguity does not necessarily increase insurance prices or reduce insurers' utility.
Paper proves Pareto efficient insurance for multiple entities.
problem Optimizing insurance for multiple policyholders and insurers.
method Sum-minimization characterization and pairwise implementability analysis.
result Characterization of Pareto efficient insurance arrangements.
Study on systemic risk in European insurance sector, showing insurer connections during stress.
problem Understanding systemic risk connectedness in European insurance sector.
method Common connectedness framework applied to returns, volatility, value-at-risk, and expected shortfall.
result Insurers are a significant component of systemic risk connectedness, especially during stress episodes.
The paper examines how risk reduction and insurance choices interact under convex premium principles.
problem Interaction between self-protection and insurance demand under convex premium principles.
method Investigates optimal prevention efforts and insurance shares using distortion risk measures.
result Self-protection and insurance are complementary, but ex ante moral hazard can turn this into a substitution effect.
The paper examines insurance market dynamics and optimal regulation.
problem Equilibrium outcomes in dynamic insurance markets.
method Analyzes three equilibrium outcomes: positive, zero, and market failure.
result Insurers may accept underwriting losses by investing profits, especially with negative correlations.
We consider an investor who wants to select her/his optimal consumption, investment and insurance policies. Motivated by new insurance products, we allow not only the financial marke but also the insurable loss to depend on the regime of the economy. The objective of the investor is to maximize her/his expected total d…
Optimal insurance contract limits insurer's risk exposure variance.
problem Designing an optimal insurance contract limiting insurer's risk exposure variance.
method Derive optimal policy semi-analytically, focusing on actuarially fair case.
result Expected coverage is larger for wealthier insured, indicating normal good.
Paper models demand and solvency for index insurance, combining traditional and measurable index-based coverage.
problem Reducing protection gaps for emerging risks.
method Develops a model for demand and solvency conditions, combining traditional and index-based insurance.
result Deduces a product that benefits from both traditional and index-based insurance approaches.
Two pension funds mutually insure against longevity risk.
problem Mutual insurance against systematic longevity risk for pension funds.
method Mathematical demonstration and market clearing condition.
result Insurance provides little benefit when fund preferences are similar, but can be beneficial when preferences vary significantly.
Reinsurance can help life insurers maintain higher capital guarantees without losing utility.
problem Decreasing capital guarantees in life insurance products.
method Dynamic investment-reinsurance optimization problem with simultaneous Value-at-Risk and no-short-selling constraints. Introduced guarantee-equivalent utility gain for comparison.
result Optimally managed reinsurance allows insurers to offer higher capital guarantees without reducing expected utility.
The study examines how formal index insurance compares to informal risk sharing in managing natural disasters.
problem The challenges of natural disasters and the effectiveness of index insurance in risk management.
method A three-strategy evolutionary game model to analyze the competitive relationship between formal index insurance, informal risk sharing, and non-insurance.
result Basis risk and loss ratio significantly impact the adoption rate of index insurance, with different strategies preferred under varying conditions.
This paper explores how insurance contracts can be traded in financial markets.
problem The exclusion of arbitrage in insurance contracts due to their non-tradability.
method Defining strategies on insurance portfolios and combining them with financial trading strategies.
result The existence of an insurance-finance-consistent probability, leading to the expected discounted cash-flows.
Paper analyzes strategic underreporting in competitive insurance markets.
problem Strategic underreporting by insureds in competitive insurance markets.
method Develops a dynamic insurance market model with two competing companies and a continuum of insureds, examines the interaction between strategic underreporting and competitive pricing under a Bonus-Malus System framework.
result Establishes the existence and uniqueness of the insureds' optimal reporting barrier and its dependence on BMS premiums; proves the existence of Nash equilibrium premium strategies.
Study of insurer games with model uncertainty in reinsurance and investment strategies.
problem Model uncertainty and competitive insurers' performance under worst-case scenarios.
method Formulated robust mean-field game for non-linear system, derived closed-form solutions.
result Relative concerns lead to new hedging terms in investment and reinsurance strategies.
New model for insurance states using Markov jump processes with non-countable state space.
problem Modeling insurance states with non-countable state spaces.
method Developed a new Thiele's differential equation for continuous time rehabilitation rates.
result Allows for consistent calculation of reserves in disability insurance.
The paper models insurance market dynamics under uncertainty and financial frictions.
problem Modeling insurer behavior under uncertainty and financial frictions.
method Dynamic equilibrium model of insurance market with competitive insurers maximizing shareholder value.
result Investment can lead to lower insurance prices and negative loadings under certain conditions.
Study of insurance market equilibria with risk-averse policyholders.
problem Analyzing optimal insurance contracts in a monopoly market with risk-averse policyholders.
method Modeling Stackelberg equilibria with a profit-maximizing insurer and a risk-averse policyholder.
result Equilibrium contracts exhibit a layer-type structure, providing full insurance over pessimistic loss layers and no coverage over optimistic ones.
Develops a Bonus-Malus model for cyber risk insurance to incentivize cybersecurity.
problem Lack of effective insurance strategies to incentivize cybersecurity.
method Proposes a Bonus-Malus model and a mathematical model with a numerical algorithm.
result Demonstrates how a Bonus-Malus system resolves moral hazard and benefits the insurer.
Optimal insurance strategy for maximizing RDEU under various premium principles.
problem Maximizing a risk-averse individual's RDEU with insurance priced by a distortion-deviation principle.
method Proved necessary and sufficient conditions for the optimal solution, considered ambiguity orders, and analyzed specific examples.
result Conditions for no insurance or deductible insurance to be optimal.
Study compares ruin probabilities under independence vs. dependence assumptions.
problem Underestimation of ruin probability when claims are dependent.
method Copulas for claim dependence analysis, sensitivity analysis.
result Dependent claims lead to underestimation of ruin probability.
The paper calculates bonus values in complex insurance schemes.
problem Calculating bonus payments in multi-state with-profit life insurance.
method Combines financial risk simulation with insurance risk methods.
result Efficient numerical procedures for bonus calculation.
Study classifies liability insurance policies using machine learning.
problem Classifying liability insurance policies with or without claims.
method Used machine learning models like nearest neighbour and logistic regression on Actuarial Challenge dataset.
result Models accurately classified policies into claims and non-claims groups.
Study optimal investment-reinsurance strategies in equity-linked insurance products using Stackelberg game theory.
problem Optimizing investment and reinsurance strategies in equity-linked insurance products with capital guarantees.
method Modelled as a Stackelberg game where reinsurer acts as leader and insurer as follower, with general utility functions and power utility functions analyzed.
result Derive Stackelberg equilibrium for general utility functions and calculate it explicitly for power utility functions, finding reinsurer optimizes premium to incentivize maximal reinsurance purchase.
Study finds environmental liability insurance reduces industrial carbon emissions.
problem Reduction of industrial carbon emissions.
method Two-way fixed effect model using provincial (city) level panel data from 2010 to 2020.
result Environmental liability insurance reduces industrial carbon emissions at both direct and indirect levels, with varying effects.
Study finds farmers are willing to pay higher premiums for higher coverage in agricultural insurance.
problem Determining the demand factors and WTP for agricultural insurance.
method Conducted a survey of 200 farmers to analyze the impact of socio-demographic variables and premium on insurance purchase decisions.
result Farmers are willing to pay higher premiums for higher coverage in agricultural insurance.
Survey of extreme value modeling techniques for insurance.
problem Modeling of insurance industry's extreme events.
method Truncation, tempering, censoring, regression techniques.
result Adapted techniques for insurance applications.
Extends insurance-finance arbitrage concept to include model uncertainty.
problem Evaluating hybrid insurance products in uncertain financial markets.
method Introduces robust asymptotic insurance-finance arbitrage and QP-evaluations. result No robust asymptotic insurance-finance arbitrage exists under certain conditions.