Analyzes premium data of Indian non-life insurers, finding GEV distribution best fits Lognormal and GEV extremes.
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We use the maximum entropy principle for pricing the non-life insurance and recover the Bühlmann results for the economic premium principle. The concept of economic equilibrium is revised in this respect.
New model bridges pricing and reserving for insurance claims.
In this paper we propose a general framework for modeling an insurance liability cash flow in continuous time, by generalizing the reduced-form framework for credit risk and life insurance. In particular, we assume a nontrivial dependence structure between the reference filtration and the insurance internal filtration.…
This contribution is concerned with price optimisation of the new business for a non-life product. Due to high competition in the insurance market, non-life insurers are interested in increasing their conversion rates on new business based on some profit level. In this respect, we consider the competition in the market…
Enhances non-life insurance pricing models using transformer models.
This paper introduces a Decision Tree Learner as an early warning system for classification of the non-life insurance companies according to their financial solid as strong, moderate, weak, or insolvency. In this study, we ran several experiments to show that the proposed model can achieve a good result using standard …
This paper proposes a use of an ordinal classifier to evaluate the financial solidity of non-life insurance companies as strong, moderate, weak, and insolvency. This study constructed an efficient classification model that can be used by regulators to evaluate the financial solidity and to determine the priority of fur…
This paper presents the hierarchical generalized linear model (HGLM) for loss reserving in a non-life insurance company. Because in this case the error of prediction is expressed by a complex analytical formula, the error bootstrap estimator is proposed instead. Moreover, the bootstrap procedure is used to obtain full …
The concordance probability or C-index is a popular measure to capture the discriminatory ability of a regression model. In this article, the definition of this measure is adapted to the specific needs of the frequency and severity model, typically used during the technical pricing of a non-life insurance product. Due …
Framework monitors insurance pricing models for drift and recalibration.
This paper discusses different classes of loss models in non-life insurance settings. It then overviews the class Tukey transform loss models that have not yet been widely considered in non-life insurance modelling, but offer opportunities to produce flexible skewness and kurtosis features often required in loss modell…
We consider the insurance company as a physical system which is immersed in its environment (the financial market). The insurer company interacts with the market by exchanging the money through the payments for loss claims and receiving the premium. Here in the equilibrium state we obtain the premium by using the canon…
In this paper we study data from the yearly reports the four major Swedish non-life insurers have sent to the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority (FSA). We aim at finding marginal distributions of, and dependence between, losses on the five largest lines of business (LoBs) in order to create models for Solvency Cap…
The article derives a formula for predicting claims uncertainty using the GCC method.
Mean-field approximations simplify insurance liability calculations.
The economic equities maximization criterion (MFPE) leads to the choice of financial portfolio, which maximizes the ratio of the expected value of the insurance company on the capital. This criterion is presented in the framework of a non-life insurance company and is applied within the framework of the French legislat…
We study a continuous-time asset-allocation problem for an insurance firm that backs up liabilities from multiple non-life business lines with underwriting profits and investment income. The insurance risks are captured via a multidimensional jump-diffusion process with a multivariate compound Poisson process with depe…
Limited liability creates a conflict of interests between policyholders and shareholders of insurance companies. It provides shareholders with incentives to increase the risk of the insurer's assets and liabilities which, in turn, might reduce the value policyholders attach to and premiums they are willing to pay for i…
TabPFN doesn't outperform GLM and XGBoost for motor insurance pricing.
EBM improves car insurance claim severity and frequency prediction while maintaining interpretability.
Bayesian CART models improve insurance claims frequency prediction and interpretation.
In this paper we consider a multivariate model-based approach to measure the dynamic evolution of tail risk interdependence among US banks, financial services and insurance sectors. To deeply investigate the risk contribution of insurers we consider separately life and non-life companies. To achieve this goal we apply …
Study shows subordinated Cramér-Lundberg model increases ruin probability.
Graphical models improve actuarial judgment in insurance claims analysis.
The paper proposes an original methodology for constructing quantitative statistical models based on multidimensional distribution functions constructed on the basis of the insurance companies' data on inshurance policies (including policies with deductible) and claims incurred. Real data of some Russian insurance comp…
Study aims to measure and mitigate biases in motor insurance pricing.
Traditional non-life reserving models largely neglect the vast amount of information collected over the lifetime of a claim. This information includes covariates describing the policy, claim cause as well as the detailed history collected during a claim's development over time. We present the hierarchical reserving mod…
Proposes a generalized XGBoost method for nonconvex loss functions.
We develop quantile regression models in order to derive risk margin and to evaluate capital in non-life insurance applications. By utilizing the entire range of conditional quantile functions, especially higher quantile levels, we detail how quantile regression is capable of providing an accurate estimation of risk ma…
New method for individual claims reserving using machine learning.
SynthETIC simulates insurance claims with customizable features.
In financial markets, the information that traders have about an asset is reflected in its price. The arrival of new information then leads to price changes. The `information-based framework' of Brody, Hughston and Macrina (BHM) isolates the emergence of information, and examines its role as a driver of price dynamics.…
Chain-ladder reserving is sensitive to outliers, leading to unreliable estimates.
Gradient boosting algorithm for spatial panel models improves estimation in high-dimensional settings.
Our article considers the class of recently developed stochastic models that combine claims payments and incurred losses information into a coherent reserving methodology. In particular, we develop a family of Heirarchical Bayesian Paid-Incurred-Claims models, combining the claims reserving models of Hertig et al. (198…
We develop a class of non-life reserving models using a stable-1/2 random bridge to simulate the accumulation of paid claims, allowing for an essentially arbitrary choice of a priori distribution for the ultimate loss. Taking an information-based approach to the reserving problem, we derive the process of the condition…
Study insurance pricing under correlation ambiguity without increasing prices or reducing utility.
Paper proves Pareto efficient insurance for multiple entities.
Study on systemic risk in European insurance sector, showing insurer connections during stress.
The paper examines how risk reduction and insurance choices interact under convex premium principles.
Parametric insurance offers better risk-sharing in high-risk settings than traditional indemnity insurance.
The paper examines insurance market dynamics and optimal regulation.
We consider an investor who wants to select her/his optimal consumption, investment and insurance policies. Motivated by new insurance products, we allow not only the financial marke but also the insurable loss to depend on the regime of the economy. The objective of the investor is to maximize her/his expected total d…
Optimal insurance contract limits insurer's risk exposure variance.
Paper models demand and solvency for index insurance, combining traditional and measurable index-based coverage.
Two pension funds mutually insure against longevity risk.
Reinsurance can help life insurers maintain higher capital guarantees without losing utility.