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48 results for counting functions

Proposes a method to reconcile count time series forecasts.

problem No formal framework for probabilistic reconciliation of count time series.
method Generalizes Bayes' rule for reconciling real-valued and count variables.
result Improves forecast accuracy for count variables compared to Gaussian reconciliation.

Counted essential surfaces in a knot's exterior, finding a unique pattern.

problem Counting essential surfaces in a knot's exterior.
method Counted essential surfaces by genus, using Euler totient function. Showed normal surfaces are connected by counting their components. Used Agol, Hass, and Thurston's tools to convert component counting into orbit counting.
result Found a unique pattern in the number of essential surfaces by genus.

This paper was motivated by work of Arnold where he explains how to count "snakes", i.e. Morse functions on the real axis with prescribed behavior at infinity. This leads immediately to a count of excellent Morse functions on the circle, where following Thom's terminology, excellent means that no two critical points li…

2005-12-21abs ↗pdf ↗

Graph neural networks struggle with counting certain substructures in graphs.

problem Detecting and counting specific substructures in graphs.
method Study of graph neural networks' ability to count attributed graph substructures.
result Graph neural networks like MPNNs, 2-WL, and 2-IGNs have limitations in counting certain substructures.

Let PP be a non-negative self-adjoint Laplace type operator acting on sections of a hermitian vector bundle over a closed Riemannian manifold. In this paper we review the close relations between various PP-related coefficients such as the mollified spectral counting coefficients, the heat trace coefficients, the reso…

2015-09-01abs ↗pdf ↗

New bootstraps improve speed and accuracy for graph count functionals.

problem Efficiently counting subgraphs in large graphs.
method Developed two types of multiplier bootstraps: a fast, approximate linear one and a quadratic one for denser graphs.
result Both bootstraps provide valid inference and higher-order accuracy under different graph sparsity conditions.

This work refines Cover's theory for binary classification on low-dimensional data.

problem The challenge of analyzing how low-dimensional data structures affect classification models.
method Refines Cover's function-counting theory to account for low-dimensional data structure.
result Derives dichotomy counts and analyzes the impact of data structure on classification models.

In this paper we consider an elementary, and largely unexplored, combinatorial problem in low-dimensional topology. Consider a real 2-dimensional compact surface SS, and fix a number of points FF on its boundary. We ask: how many configurations of disjoint arcs are there on SS whose boundary is FF? We find that thi…

2015-12-30abs ↗pdf ↗

The counting function on the natural numbers defines a discrete Morse-Smale complex with a cohomology for which topological quantities like Morse indices, Betti numbers or counting functions for critical points of Morse index are explicitly given in number theoretical terms. The Euler characteristic of the Morse filtra…

2016-08-22abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper introduces neural INGARCH models for time series of counts.

problem Analyzing time series of counts using traditional INGARCH models.
method Combining artificial neural networks with INGARCH models.
result Neural INGARCH models outperform traditional models in information loss.

The aim of this (mostly expository) article is twofold. We first explore a variety of length functions on the space of currents, and we survey recent work regarding applications of length functions to counting problems. Secondly, we use length functions to provide a proof of a folklore theorem which states that pseudo-…

2018-03-28abs ↗pdf ↗

We study the combinatorial geometry of "lattice" Jenkins--Strebel differentials with simple zeroes and simple poles on CP1\mathbb{C}P^1 and of the corresponding counting functions. Developing the results of M. Kontsevich we evaluate the leading term of the symmetric polynomial counting the number of such "lattice" Jenki…

2012-12-07abs ↗pdf ↗

Counting essential surfaces in 3-manifolds yields concise formulae and detailed asymptotics.

problem Counting isotopy classes of essential surfaces in 3-manifolds.
method Normal and almost normal surfaces, Ehrhart's lattice point counting, ideal triangulations, and new essential surface testing.
result Quasi-polynomial behavior of surface counts and concise formulae for surface numbers.

It can be conjectured that the colored Jones function of a knot can be computed in terms of counting paths on the graph of a planar projection of a knot. On the combinatorial level, the colored Jones function can be replaced by its weight system. We give two curious formulas for the weight system of a colored Jones fun…

2002-03-01abs ↗pdf ↗

Better neural arithmetic logic units improve cell counting model generalization.

problem Neural networks struggle with high cell counts outside training data range.
method Introduced Neural Arithmetic Logic Units (NALU) for arithmetic operations in existing architectures.
result Improved cell counting accuracy for higher numeric ranges with better generalization.

The Poincare function is a compact form of counting moduli in local geometric problems. We discuss its property in relation to V.Arnold's conjecture, and derive this conjecture in the case when the pseudogroup acts algebraically and transitively on the base. Then we survey the known counting results for differential in…

2018-02-05abs ↗pdf ↗

Networks are a fundamental tool for modeling complex systems in a variety of domains including social and communication networks as well as biology and neuroscience. Small subgraph patterns in networks, called network motifs, are crucial to understanding the structure and function of these systems. However, the role of…

2016-12-29abs ↗pdf ↗

Generative model identifies temporal count data components with regime-dependent contributions.

problem Modeling temporal count data with regime-dependent dynamics.
method Generative framework combining regime-adaptive dynamics with Poisson log-normal emissions.
result Established identifiability of the model and revealed co-variation patterns and regime shifts.

We obtain asymptotic counting results with error terms for complex orthospectrum for Schottky groups and orbit counting function for quadratic polynomials. Moreover, we prove equidistribution of holonomy associated to these dynamical systems. Our results are obtained by considering generalized LL-functions coming from…

2018-11-07abs ↗pdf ↗

We prove the quasimodularity of generating functions for counting torus covers, with and without Siegel-Veech weight. Our proof is based on analyzing decompositions of flat surfaces into horizontal cylinders. The quasimodularity arise as contour integral of quasi-elliptic functions. It provides an alternative proof of …

2016-09-06abs ↗pdf ↗

We present the first framework for Gaussian-process-modulated Poisson processes when the temporal data appear in the form of panel counts. Panel count data frequently arise when experimental subjects are observed only at discrete time points and only the numbers of occurrences of the events between subsequent observati…

2018-03-12abs ↗pdf ↗

New phases identified in neural scaling laws with compute limits.

problem Understanding neural scaling laws under compute constraints.
method Solved neural scaling model with stochastic gradient descent, derived loss curves, analyzed model-parameter-count phases.
result Identified 4 phases (+3 subphases) in data-complexity/target-complexity phase-plane, derived exponents.

The study counts periodic orbits on smooth manifolds, adding ghost orbits for completeness.

problem Counting periodic orbits of vector fields on smooth closed manifolds.
method Enlarging the space of orbits to include ghost orbits, defining weight functions, and showing constancy under deformation.
result The weight function remains constant as the vector field moves and ΓΓ deforms.

A new complexity measure for neural networks improves upon classical methods.

problem Lack of a refined complexity measure for comparing different neural network architectures, especially permutation-invariant ones.
method Introduced an equivalence relation among linear functions and counted them relative to this relation.
result The new complexity measure clearly distinguishes between different models and increases exponentially with depth.