Cognitive neuroscience is enjoying rapid increase in extensive public brain-imaging datasets. It opens the door to large-scale statistical models. Finding a unified perspective for all available data calls for scalable and automated solutions to an old challenge: how to aggregate heterogeneous information on brain func…
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48 results for “cognitive tasks”
New method combines brain imaging data from multiple studies to improve cognitive decoding.
problem Low statistical power in individual neuroimaging studies.
method A new methodology to analyze brain responses across tasks without a unified theoretical framework.
result Improves decoding performance for 80% of 35 functional-imaging studies.
Cognitive model discovery framework for ill-structured domains.
problem Discover accurate cognitive models without student data or human knowledge.
method Cognitive Representation Learner (CogRL) framework for ill-structured domains.
result CogRL representations can accurately discover cognitive models in ill-structured domains.
Efficient system classifies EEG signals for cognitive tasks using nuclear features.
problem Classification of raw EEG signals for cognitive tasks is challenging.
method Singular value decomposition for computing dominant variances of EEG signals, using them as nuclear features, and a simple classifier.
result Nuclear features from frontal brain region achieved 100% prediction accuracy.
Experiment shows cognitive biases impact human-AI collaboration, highlighting the need for diverse evaluator samples.
problem Cognitive biases affect human-AI collaboration, leading to suboptimal outcomes.
method Randomized experiment with 2,784 participants, manipulating AI suggestion quality, task burden, and financial incentives.
result Individual attitudes toward AI are the strongest predictor of performance, influencing accuracy and overcorrection.
Framework adapts to new tasks based on prior knowledge.
problem Models struggle to adapt to novel tasks without direct experience.
method Learned task representations and meta-mappings to transform them.
result Meta-mapping achieves 80-90% performance on novel tasks.
The main goal of this study is to extract a set of brain networks in multiple time-resolutions to analyze the connectivity patterns among the anatomic regions for a given cognitive task. We suggest a deep architecture which learns the natural groupings of the connectivity patterns of human brain in multiple time-resolu…
Conventional modeling approaches have found limitations in matching the increasingly detailed neural network structures and dynamics recorded in experiments to the diverse brain functionalities. On another approach, studies have demonstrated to train spiking neural networks for simple functions using supervised learnin…
Machine learning detects and classifies cognitive distortions in mental health texts.
problem Detect and classify cognitive distortions in mental health texts to improve treatment.
method Machine learning framework using crowdsourced and therapy dataset.
result Model achieved high F1 scores for detecting and classifying cognitive distortions.
Understanding the functional architecture of the brain in terms of networks is becoming increasingly common. In most fMRI applications functional networks are assumed to be stationary, resulting in a single network estimated for the entire time course. However recent results suggest that the connectivity between brain …
MAES architecture improves working memory task performance through multi-task and transfer learning.
problem Improving performance on complex working memory tasks.
method Memory-Augmented Encoder-Solver (MAES) architecture with dual recurrent neural network controllers and a shared memory module.
result MAES models achieve task-size generalization, handling inputs 50 times longer than training data.
Selective inference improves multi-task neuroimaging analysis.
problem Improving predictive performance and modeling accuracy in neuroimaging studies.
method Proposes a framework for selective inference to jointly identify relevant covariates and conduct valid inference in a sparsity-inducing model.
result Selective inference yields tighter confidence intervals and more accurate signal recovery than single-task methods.
End-to-End Models for the Analysis of System 1 and System 2 Interactions based on Eye-Tracking Dataq-bio.NC
Method identifies dual cognitive system interactions using eye-tracking data.
problem Quantify interactions between System 1 and System 2 cognitive processes.
method Modified Stroop test, machine learning, eye-tracking data.
result Machine learning can distinguish between different tasks and characterize attentional load.
Imaging neuroscience links brain activation maps to behavior and cognition via correlational studies. Due to the nature of the individual experiments, based on eliciting neural response from a small number of stimuli, this link is incomplete, and unidirectional from the causal point of view. To come to conclusions on t…
Weight Friction: A Simple Method to Overcome Catastrophic Forgetting and Enable Continual Learningcs.LG
A simple method to prevent forgetting in neural networks.
problem Catastrophic forgetting in neural networks.
method Weight friction, inspired by neurology and physics, modifies the gradient descent update rule.
result Weight friction enables continual learning with comparable performance and efficiency.
Model predicts cognitive health risks based on smartphone usage patterns.
problem Identifying cognitive health risks through smartphone usage.
method Structured models of smartphone interactions analyzed over 12 weeks.
result AUROC of 0.79 in discriminating between healthy and symptomatic subjects.
The paper proposes a new framework to generate synthetic data with human-like imperfections to prevent model collapse.
problem Model collapse due to statistical optimization of synthetic data.
method Introduces Prompt-driven Cognitive Computing Framework (PMCSF) with Cognitive State Decoder (CSD) and Cognitive Text Encoder (CTE).
result The framework generates text with cognitive imperfections, reducing maximum drawdown and delivering defensive alpha.
Enactive learning shows agents can learn from their environment, but limited by action choices.
problem Learning and interaction of autonomous agents in complex environments.
method Simulation of artificial agents in maze environments, comparing enactive learning to classical reinforcement learning.
result Enactive agents can learn to avoid unfavorable interactions but performance is limited by action choices.
Personalized model improves ADAS-Cog13 cognitive score forecasting.
problem Improving accuracy in predicting cognitive changes in Alzheimer's Disease.
method Meta-Weighted Gaussian Process Experts (pGPE) model for personalized forecasting.
result Meta-weighting of expert models leads to significant improvements in forecasting accuracy.
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved unprecedented performance on a wide range of complex tasks, rapidly outpacing our understanding of the nature of their solutions. This has caused a recent surge of interest in methods for rendering modern neural systems more interpretable. In this work, we propose to address th…
Proposes mGBDTs for learning hierarchical representations in gradient boosting decision trees.
problem Inability of gradient boosting decision trees to learn hierarchical representations.
method Introduces multi-layered GBDT forest (mGBDTs) with explicit emphasis on hierarchical learning.
result Jointly trained mGBDTs can learn hierarchical representations effectively without backpropagation.
A new SNN model explains decision-making with learning and spiking neurons.
problem Lack of learning mechanism in existing models for decision-making.
method Proposes a Spiking Neural Network (SNN) model that incorporates a learning mechanism and uses multivariate Hawkes processes.
result Shows a coupling between DDM and Poisson counter models and derives a DDM from a Hawkes network of spiking neurons.
The paper brings order to the diverse cognitive fallacies.
problem The proliferation of cognitive fallacies in human reasoning.
method Formally establishing implication relationships (IRs) between fallacies.
result A systematic approach to categorize and understand cognitive fallacies.
Study shows cognitive load impacts financial market efficiency, especially for less sophisticated investors.
problem Cognitive load's effect on financial market information processing.
method Developed a theoretical framework and tested it with exogenous disclosure complexity variation.
result Cognitive load significantly impairs price discovery, particularly for less sophisticated investors.
Do Pension Benefits Accelerate Cognitive Decline in Late Adulthood? Evidence from Rural Chinaecon.GN
Pension benefits in rural China lead to cognitive decline among the elderly.
problem Cognitive decline in late adulthood among rural Chinese elderly.
method Examined the effects of a new pension scheme on cognitive performance.
result Pension benefits negatively impact cognitive functioning, particularly delayed recall.
Deep transfer learning improves fMRI decoding from small datasets.
problem Small sample size and high dimensionality of fMRI datasets.
method Transfer learning using a pre-trained deep learning model on a large dataset.
result A pre-trained DL model outperforms a model trained from scratch on a new dataset.
The paper introduces metrics to objectively evaluate interpretability methods.
problem Lack of objective evaluation metrics for interpretability methods.
method Proposes a set of metrics to evaluate interpretability methods along simplicity and broadness.
result Validated metrics on different benchmark tasks and showed their utility in method selection.
New method predicts Alzheimer's risk with individual uncertainty estimates.
problem Predicting conversion from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease.
method Persistent homology of clinical trajectories combined with stacking ensemble.
result Pipeline achieves high accuracy and individual-level uncertainty quantification.
The paper investigates how ambiguous data and cognitive biases affect machine learning in humanitarian decision making.
problem Ambiguous data and cognitive biases impact the interpretability of machine learning models in humanitarian decision making.
method The study will explore the effects of data ambiguity and cognitive biases on machine learning algorithms in humanitarian contexts.
result The research aims to uncover the specific ways in which ambiguous data and cognitive biases influence the interpretability of machine learning models in humanitarian decision making.
New method identifies latent variables in cognitive models using neural networks.
problem Inference of latent variables in complex cognitive models is limited.
method Recurrent neural networks and simulation-based inference for latent variable sequences.
result Extends neural Bayes estimation to broader classes of cognitive models.
This paper tackles the interpretability gap between deep learning models and human cognition.
problem The gap between deep learning models and human cognitive competence.
method A universal learning framework is proposed to evaluate and improve model interpretability.
result The uniqueness of solution and conditions for unique solution are proved.
Study improves understanding of what makes machine learning explanations human-interpretable.
problem Understanding what makes explanations human-interpretable in machine learning systems.
method Controlled human-subject experiments to identify regularizers for interpretability across three tasks.
result Cognitive chunks affect performance more than variable repetitions, suggesting common design principles.
Modeling alignment as resource-limited cognitive processes, researchers derive performance bounds.
problem Systematic deviations in feedback-based alignment of large language models.
method Modeling alignment as a two-stage cascade given , with cognitive and total capacities.
result Capacity-coupled Alignment Performance Interval derived from Fano and PAC-Bayes bounds.
Supervised Similarity for High-Yield Corporate Bonds with Quantum Cognition Machine Learningq-fin.ST
QCML improves bond similarity learning in illiquid markets.
problem Improving similarity learning for illiquid corporate bonds.
method Quantum Cognition Machine Learning (QCML) for supervised distance metric learning.
result QCML outperforms classical tree-based models in high-yield markets.
Automated EEG analysis gauges mental workload in task evaluation.
problem Evaluating mental workload in user tasks, especially complex ones.
method Experimental setup, EEG data analysis, feature extraction, machine learning.
result Machine learning outperforms traditional methods in mental workload estimation.
Cognitive KR model learns new facts from few examples.
problem Inferring new facts from small KG datasets.
method CogKR combines summary and reasoning modules with cognitive science principles.
result Significantly outperforms previous models on one-shot KG reasoning.
System optimizes retrieval for personal assistants using reinforcement learning.
problem Needing a neural retrieval-based Q&A system for user memory.
method Direct optimization of F1-score using reinforcement learning.
result Improved retrieval performance on test sets.
While the interpretability of machine learning models is often equated with their mere syntactic comprehensibility, we think that interpretability goes beyond that, and that human interpretability should also be investigated from the point of view of cognitive science. The goal of this paper is to discuss to what exten…
Model compresses event-like contexts using gated surprise signals.
problem Perceiving a dynamic world as organized events.
method Hierarchical, surprise-gated recurrent neural network architecture.
result Achieves best performance on multiple event processing tasks.
Study links cognitive effort to thermodynamic principles, optimizing decision-making.
problem Understanding the energy cost of decision-making in living systems.
method Applied Landauer's principle to analyze belief dynamics in a two-armed bandit game.
result Cognitive energy cost correlates with optimal decision-making outcomes.
End-to-end framework classifies cognitive workload in real-time driving scenarios.
problem Challenging task of classifying human cognitive states from behavioral and physiological signals.
method End-to-end framework using mixture Hyper Long Short Term Memory Networks (HyperNetworks).
result Framework outperforms previous methods with 83.9% precision and 87.8% recall.
NEURO-DRAM: a 3D recurrent visual attention model for interpretable neuroimaging classificationcs.LG
NEURO-DRAM improves neuroimaging classification accuracy.
problem Improper use of traditional computer vision models in neuroimaging.
method 3D recurrent visual attention model trained with reinforcement learning.
result NEURO-DRAM achieves state-of-the-art accuracy in Alzheimer's disease prediction.
Low-dimensional vectors improve semantic understanding of music and language.
problem Noise in shared semantics due to individual brain biases.
method Jointly model multiple brains to learn low-dimensional vector embeddings.
result These embeddings outperform high-dimensional fMRI data in music and language classification.
New filters improve radar target inference in complex scenarios.
problem Improving radar target inference in highly non-linear system models.
method Developed inverse cubature Kalman filter (I-CKF), inverse quadrature Kalman filter (I-QKF), and inverse cubature-quadrature Kalman filter (I-CQKF) for non-linear systems.
result Numerical experiments show improved estimation accuracy compared to existing methods.
Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI) has renewed interest in building systems that learn and think like people. Many advances have come from using deep neural networks trained end-to-end in tasks such as object recognition, video games, and board games, achieving performance that equals or even beats humans …
Bayesian optimization generates personalized face stimuli for cognitive neuroscience.
problem Lack of personalized face stimuli in cognitive neuroscience studies.
method Combines GANs with Bayesian optimization to identify individual response patterns to faces.
result Algorithm efficiently generates optimal faces maximizing individual subject's response.
Temporal Difference Learning explains emotions and behavior.
problem Understanding how emotions evolve and impact behavior.
method Temporal Difference Reinforcement Learning (TDRL) theory.
result Emotions are TD error assessments aiding survival.
Accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) entails clinical evaluation of multiple cognition metrics and biomarkers. Metrics such as the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - Cognitive test (ADAS-cog) comprise multiple subscores that quantify different aspects of a patient's cognitive state such as learning, memor…