arXiv research

Gauss diagrams' properties can change with Hamiltonian cycle choice.

By defining combinatorial moves, we can define an equivalence relation on Gauss words called homotopy. In this paper we define a homotopy invariant of Gauss words. We use this to show that there exist Gauss words that are not homotopically equivalent to the empty Gauss word, disproving a conjecture by Turaev. In fact, …

Algorithm for recognizing and performing Reidemeister moves in Gauss diagrams.

We discuss Gauss codes of virtual diagrams and virtual doodles. The notion of a left canonical Gauss code is introduced and it is shown that oriented virtual doodles are uniquely presented by left canonical Gauss codes.

Incorrect parity-based descriptions of realizable Gauss diagrams found, but bipartite graphs provide a valid approach.

Study rotational surfaces with prescribed Gauss curvature in 3D space.

Paper solves Orlicz-Aleksandrov problem using Gauss curvature flow.

Study Gauss maps of surfaces in Heisenberg group using hyperbolic geometry.

Study on Gauss images of specific minimal surfaces with finite curvature.

Study on rotational hypersurfaces with constant Gauss-Kronecker curvature.

We give an estimate of the Gauss curvature for minimal surfaces in ${\mathbb R}^m$ whose Gauss map omits more than $m(m+1)/2$ hyperplanes in ${\mathbb P}^{m-1}({\mathbb C})$.

The paper studies the space of Gauss maps of complete minimal surfaces and their homotopy types.

The Gauss Image Measure uniquely identifies dual convex bodies up to dilation.

Study on multiple linking numbers, extending Gauss diagram formulas.

Study on Gauss map of anisotropic minimal surfaces with Morse index estimates.

Study classifies hypersurfaces in 4D Lorentz-Minkowski space using specific operators.

We study the Gauss map of minimal surfaces in the Heisenberg group $\mathrm{Nil}_3$ endowed with a left-invariant Riemannian metric. We prove that the Gauss map of a nowhere vertical minimal surface is harmonic into the hyperbolic plane $\mathbb{H}^2$. Conversely, any nowhere antiholomorphic harmonic map into $\mathbb{…

New experiments show Gauss diagrams not all as simple as previously thought.

The paper examines circle graphs of Gauss diagrams and finds counterexamples to previous descriptions.

This foreword discusses the contributions of Bolyai, Gauss, and Lobachevsky to non-Euclidean geometry.

From the point of view of index theory, we give a simple proof of a Gauss-Bonnet-Chern formula for all Finsler manifolds by the Cartan connection. Based on this, we establish a Gauss-Bonnet-Chern formula for any metric-compatible connection and also derive the Gauss-Bonnet-Chern formula of Lackey.

We study the biharmonic stress-energy tensor $S_2$ of Gauss map. Adding few assumptions, the Gauss map with vanishing $S_2$ would be harmonic.

Gauss map of complete minimal surfaces avoids certain hypersurfaces.

We prove a global smooth isometric immersion for negatively curved surfaces with finite total curvature.

Generalizes Gauss-Bonnet to metrics with logarithmic singularities.

In this paper we use theory of embedded graphs on oriented and compact $PL$-surfaces to construct minimal realizations of signed Gauss paragraphs. We prove that the genus of the ambient surface of these minimal realizations can be seen as a function of the maximum number of Carter's circles. For the case of signed Gaus…

The $(2k)$-th Gauss-Bonnet curvature is a generalization to higher dimensions of the $(2k)$-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet integrand, it coincides with the usual scalar curvature for $k=1$. The Gauss-Bonnet curvatures are used in theoretical physics to describe gravity in higher dimensional space times where they are known a…

Harmonic and minimal great circle fibrations have special Gauss maps.

Study examines noncompact cases of Gauss Curvature Flow on revolution surfaces.

We define a new kind of Gauss diagrams to describe knots in the solid torus with projections in the annulus. We see that it provides an efficient tool for showing that a knot diagram can be fully recovered from its decorated Gauss diagram, and we use it to establish a characterization of the decorated Gauss diagrams of…

In this paper, we study the Lorentzian minimal surfaces in the Minkowski space-time with finite type Gauss map. First, we obtain the classification of this type of surfaces with pointwise 1-type Gauss map. Then, we proved that there are no Lorentzian minimal surface in the Minkowski space-time with null 2-type Gauss ma…

We prove that the distortion function of the Gauss map of a harmonic surface coincides with the distortion function of the surface. Consequently, Gauss map of a harmonic surface is ${\mathcal{K}}$ quasiregular if and only if the surface is ${\mathcal{K}}$ quasiregular, provided that the Gauss map is regular or what is …

In discrete differential geometry, it is widely believed that the discrete Gaussian curvature of a polyhedral vertex star equals the algebraic area of its Gauss image. However, no complete proof has yet been described. We present an elementary proof in which we compare, for a particular normal vector, its winding numbe…

Paper solves Musielak-Orlicz-Gauss image problem using parabolic flows.

We perform a systematic study of the image of the Gauss map for complete minimal surfaces in Euclidean four-space. In particular, we give a geometric interpretation of the maximal number of exceptional values of the Gauss map of a complete orientable minimal surface in Euclidean four-space. We also provide optimal resu…

The isometric immersion of two-dimensional Riemannian manifolds or surfaces in the three-dimensional Euclidean space is a fundamental problem in differential geometry. When the Gauss curvature is negative, the isometric immersion problem is considered in this paper through the Gauss-Codazzi system for the second fundam…

A classical link in 3-space can be represented by a Gauss paragraph encoding a link diagram in a combinatorial way. A Gauss paragraph may code not a classical link diagram, but a diagram with virtual crossings. We present a criterion and a linear algorithm detecting whether a Gauss paragraph encodes a classical link. W…

We define a new one form H^A based on the second fundamental tensor H^abA, the Gauss-Bonnet-Chern form can be novelly expressed with this one-form. Using the phi-mapping theory we find that the Gauss-Bonnet-Chern density can be expressed in terms of the delta-function and the relationship between the Gauss-Bonnet-Chern…

In this paper, we investigate the Gauss maps of a Ricci-mean curvature flow. A Ricci-mean curvature flow is a coupled equation of a mean curvature flow and a Ricci flow on the ambient manifold. Ruh and Vilms proved that the Gauss map of a minimal submanifold in a Euclidean space is a harmonic map, and Wang extended thi…

There has been significant recent work on the theory and application of randomized coordinate descent algorithms, beginning with the work of Nesterov [SIAM J. Optim., 22(2), 2012], who showed that a random-coordinate selection rule achieves the same convergence rate as the Gauss-Southwell selection rule. This result su…

The paper improves the Gauss curvature estimation for harmonic surfaces and verifies a modified defect relation.

We study the mean curvature flow of complete space-like submanifolds in pseudo-Euclidean space with bounded Gauss image, as well as that of complete submanifolds in Euclidean space with convex Gauss image. By using the confinable property of the Gauss image under the mean curvature flow we prove the long time existence…

The paper proves a Fenchel theorem for Gauss maps and shows circles and disks minimize certain energies.

We discuss the mathematician George Bruce Halsted's accusations against Carl Friedrich Gauss, as well as refutations both by the latter's American grandson Robert Gauss in a letter to Felix Klein, and by the historian of mathematics Florian Cajori.

The forbidden moves can be combined with Gauss diagram Reidemeister moves to obtain move sequences with which we may change any Gauss diagram (and hence any virtual knot) into any other, including in particular the unknotted diagram

The paper constructs ancient solutions to curvature flows in bounded and unbounded regions.

Study on the regularity of $p$-Gauss curvature flow near flat interfaces.

The paper bounds the energy index of harmonic Gauss maps on surfaces.