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arXiv research

A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

168,657 papers · 148 categories

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192384576768 · Jun 202019922001200920172026
48 results for Empirical estimates

New estimators outperform maximum likelihood without hyper-parameter estimation.

problem Improving system identification performance without hyper-parameter estimation.
method Developed generalized Bayes and closed-form biased estimators using excess MSE.
result New estimators have comparable performance to empirical-Bayes-based regularized estimator.

Neural Empirical Bayes estimates source distributions from noisy simulations.

problem Estimating source distributions from noisy, simulated data.
method Uses neural density estimators to estimate a prior or source distribution over uncorrupted samples, then performs posterior inference.
result Recovering ground truth source distributions up to symmetries.

We discuss the problem of risk estimation in the classification problem, with specific focus on finding distributions that maximize the confidence intervals of risk estimation. We derived simple analytic approximations for the maximum bias of empirical risk for histogram classifier. We carry out a detailed study on usi…

2014-08-14abs ↗pdf ↗

New measure of robustness for estimators, with tight bounds for Gaussian mean estimation.

problem Developing robust statistical estimators for datasets with noise or outliers.
method Introducing empirical sensitivity as a new robustness measure and proving lower bounds for Gaussian mean estimation.
result Empirical sensitivity bounds for optimal estimators are tight, showing obstructions on mean and variance.

The paper improves the empirical bootstrap method for non-normal estimators.

problem Theoretical properties of empirical bootstrap for non-asymptotically normal estimators.
method Establishing limiting distribution, deriving consistency conditions, proposing alternative methods.
result The empirical bootstrap method can be asymptotically consistent under stability conditions.

Improved sample complexity for diffusion models without needing empirical risk minimizers.

problem Theoretical limitations in sample complexity for diffusion models.
method Structured decomposition of score estimation error, eliminating dependence on neural network parameters.
result Achieved sample complexity bound of O(ε^(-4)) without empirical risk minimizer access.

The paper analyzes high-dimensional linear regression using parametric empirical Bayes methods.

problem Estimation of i.i.d. priors in high-dimensional Bayesian linear regression with random design.
method Parametric empirical Bayes estimation, variational lower bound maximization, phase transition analysis.
result The vEB estimator is information theoretically optimal up to p=o(n2/3)p=o(n^{2/3}) but sub-optimal in higher dimensions.

New method for high-dimensional linear regression using empirical Bayes.

problem Estimating prior in high-dimensional linear regression.
method Variational empirical Bayes approach with NPMLE and mean field approximation.
result Established asymptotic consistency and computational efficiency of the method.

Improved bounds for discrete probability distribution estimation under the ℓ∞ norm.

problem Estimating discrete probability distributions under the ℓ∞ norm with improved bounds.
method Minimax bounds in expectation and high-probability tail bounds.
result Resolved open questions posed in Kontorovich and Painsky (JMLR, 2025), including a fully empirical tightest risk bound and identifying the worst-case extremal distribution.

The best-known and most commonly used distribution-property estimation technique uses a plug-in estimator, with empirical frequency replacing the underlying distribution. We present novel linear-time-computable estimators that significantly "amplify" the effective amount of data available. For a large variety of distri…

2019-03-04abs ↗pdf ↗

A new sequential method estimates Poisson means in streaming data, achieving optimality and efficiency.

problem Estimating Poisson means in a streaming, or online, framework.
method A quasi-Bayesian approach based on Newton's algorithm for a sequential estimate.
result Established frequentist guarantees including consistency and asymptotic optimality.

This study examines biases in flow matching samplers using finite-sample estimation.

problem Biases in flow matching samplers when using finite-sample surrogates.
method Finite-sample plug-in estimation and hierarchy of empirical FM models.
result Exact empirical minimizer and smoothed plug-in regime identified for affine conditional flows.

Paper tackles heavy-tailed data without finite variance, proposing robust risk minimization.

problem Empirical risk minimization under heavy-tailed data with finite pp-th moment.
method Minimizes risk values robustly estimated via Catoni's method, using generalized generic chaining.
result Shows better performance of optimizer based on empirical risks via Catoni-style estimation.

New method estimates Schrödinger bridge potentials via empirical risk minimization.

problem Estimating Schrödinger bridge potentials from samples.
method Rewriting Schrödinger system as a fixed-point equation and estimating the potential via empirical risk minimization.
result Uniform concentration of empirical risk around population counterpart under sub-Gaussian assumptions.

This paper studies the partial estimation of Gaussian graphical models from high-dimensional empirical observations. We derive a convex formulation for this problem using 1\ell_1-regularized maximum-likelihood estimation, which can be solved via a block coordinate descent algorithm. Statistical estimation performance …

2012-09-28abs ↗pdf ↗

New method improves estimation of complex models from conditional moment restrictions.

problem Estimation of complex models from conditional moment restrictions.
method Functional Generalized Empirical Likelihood (GEL) with a practical method.
result The method achieves state-of-the-art performance on two problems.

Neural networks estimate statistical divergences with performance guarantees.

problem Estimating statistical divergences with theoretical performance guarantees.
method Parametrizing empirical variational form by a neural network and optimizing over parameter space.
result Established non-asymptotic absolute error bounds for neural estimators of four f\mathsf{f}-divergences.

Paper shows robust estimators converge to true risk minimizers at optimal rates.

problem Understanding asymptotic properties of robust risk minimizers.
method Investigates robust analogues of empirical risk minimization, focusing on median of means estimator.
result Robust minimizers converge to true minimizers at optimal rates and have similar asymptotic variance.

Extends covariance estimation with multiple targets for better performance.

problem Improving covariance estimation for multiple targets.
method Combines multiple constant matrices with sample covariance matrix, derives estimators and proves convergence.
result The multi-target linear shrinkage estimator outperforms other estimators in various situations.

A neural network method estimates densities from characteristic functions.

problem Estimating fixed-horizon probability densities from empirical characteristic functions.
method Data-driven Fourier-mixture neural-network method trained in Fourier space.
result Competitive performance and clear gains on heavy-tailed targets.

Parameters defined via general estimating equations (GEE) can be estimated by maximizing the empirical likelihood (EL). Newey and Smith [Econometrica 72 (2004) 219--255] have recently shown that this EL estimator exhibits desirable higher-order asymptotic properties, namely, that its O(n1)O(n^{-1}) bias is small and that …

2007-08-14abs ↗pdf ↗

EB-PCA reduces noise in high-dimensional PCA by estimating a joint prior distribution.

problem High-dimensional PCA noise in samples comparable to or larger than data.
method Empirical Bayes PCA using Kiefer-Wolfowitz MLE, random matrix theory, and AMP algorithm.
result EB-PCA achieves Bayes-optimal accuracy in spiked models and significantly improves over PCA in simulations and real data.

The Fisher information matrix (FIM) is a foundational concept in statistical signal processing. The FIM depends on the probability distribution, assumed to belong to a smooth parametric family. Traditional approaches to estimating the FIM require estimating the probability distribution function (PDF), or its parameters…

2014-08-06abs ↗pdf ↗

This paper studies the estimation of low-rank Markov chains from empirical trajectories. We propose a non-convex estimator based on rank-constrained likelihood maximization. Statistical upper bounds are provided for the Kullback-Leiber divergence and the 2\ell_2 risk between the estimator and the true transition matri…

2018-04-03abs ↗pdf ↗

We propose an estimator and confidence interval for computing the value of a policy from off-policy data in the contextual bandit setting. To this end we apply empirical likelihood techniques to formulate our estimator and confidence interval as simple convex optimization problems. Using the lower bound of our confiden…

2019-06-07abs ↗pdf ↗

We develop an approach to risk minimization and stochastic optimization that provides a convex surrogate for variance, allowing near-optimal and computationally efficient trading between approximation and estimation error. Our approach builds off of techniques for distributionally robust optimization and Owen's empiric…

2016-10-08abs ↗pdf ↗

New method balances covariates for stable causal survival effect estimation.

problem Estimating causal survival effects in data with conditionally-independent censoring.
method Covariate-balancing approach to empirically stable and asymptotically efficient estimation.
result Validated theoretical results in synthetic and semi-synthetic data.

TSAW improves MCMC integral estimation with faster convergence.

problem Estimating integrals using MCMC with standard random walks is slow.
method Introduces TSAW to penalize overuse in finite-state adaptive sampling.
result TSAW-based estimators converge faster, achieving O(logt/t)O(\sqrt{\log t}/t) error.

A new method of moments estimator goes beyond data reweighting.

problem Estimation of moment restrictions and conditional moment restrictions.
method Kernel Method of Moments (KMM) based on maximum mean discrepancy.
result KMM achieves competitive performance on conditional moment restriction tasks.

CoinDICE estimates confidence intervals for unknown behavior policies in reinforcement learning.

problem Estimating value of a target policy using only behavior policy data.
method Function space embedding, generalized empirical likelihood method, Lagrangian optimization.
result Valid confidence intervals with tighter and more accurate estimates than existing methods.