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arXiv research

A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

168,742 papers · 148 categories

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94187281374 · Jun 202019922001200920172026
48 results for velocity gradients

New method estimates velocity fields for minimizing ff-divergences without overfitting.

problem Minimizing statistical discrepancies between target and particle distributions.
method Directly estimate velocity fields using interpolation techniques, proving consistency under mild conditions.
result Consistent estimators of velocity fields improve accuracy in applications like domain adaptation and missing data imputation.

A neural network models pressure-Hessian from local velocity gradients in turbulent flows.

problem Modeling the pressure-Hessian from local velocity gradients in turbulent flows.
method Tensor basis neural network (TBNN) trained on DNS data.
result Neural network accurately captures key alignment statistics of the pressure-Hessian tensor.

A conservative drifting method improves generative modeling by using KDE gradients, proving convergence rates.

problem Improving generative modeling by addressing non-conservatism issues.
method Proposes a conservative drifting method using kernel density estimator gradients to address non-conservatism.
result Proves finite-particle convergence rates for the conservative method, providing explicit quadrature constants.

MeanFlow training is unstable due to misusing conditional velocity, leading to variance issues.

problem Unstable training of MeanFlow due to variance problems.
method Theoretical analysis and derivation of optimal coefficient in closed form.
result The optimal coefficient in MeanFlow training minimizes variance but not necessarily quality.

The paper explores rectified flows and their relation to optimal transport.

problem Understanding the connection between rectified flows and optimal transport.
method Investigates invariance properties, explicit constructions, and analysis of rectified flows in various settings.
result Rectified flows, when gradient constrained, do not generally solve optimal transport problems.

GPMI method interpolates uncertain atrial conduction velocity on non-Euclidean manifolds.

problem Uncertainty in atrial conduction velocity calculations.
method Gaussian Process Manifold Interpolation (GPMI) on human atrial manifolds.
result GPMI accounts for atrial topology and calculates CV uncertainty.

Proposes a method combining CNFs and rejection-resampling for sampling from unnormalized densities.

problem Sampling from unnormalized probability densities, especially multimodal ones.
method Combines continuous normalizing flows with rejection-resampling steps based on importance weights.
result The method improves sampling accuracy and performance compared to state-of-the-art methods.

Study of kk-almost Yamabe solitons in perfect fluid spacetimes.

problem Analyzing kk-almost Yamabe solitons in perfect fluid spacetimes.
method Examined perfect fluid spacetimes and kk-almost Yamabe solitons using Einstein field equations.
result Characterized properties of kk-almost Yamabe solitons in perfect fluid spacetimes.

We analyze a gradient flow of closed planar curves minimizing the anisoperimetric ratio. For such a flow the normal velocity is a function of the anisotropic curvature and it also depends on the total interfacial energy and enclosed area of the curve. In contrast to the gradient flow for the isoperimetric ratio, we sho…

2012-03-10abs ↗pdf ↗

We discuss some aspects about the computation of kinematic, spectroscopic, Fermi and astrometric relative velocities that are geometrically defined in general relativity. Mainly, we state that kinematic and spectroscopic relative velocities only depend on the 4-velocities of the observer and the test particle, unlike F…

2011-09-01abs ↗pdf ↗

A scalable algorithm for sampling and fine-tuning models using Tilt Matching.

problem Efficient sampling and fine-tuning of generative models.
method Tilt Matching, arising from a dynamical equation, minimizes variance and inherits regularity from stochastic interpolants.
result Empirically verified to be efficient and highly scalable, providing state-of-the-art results.

RFM improves CNFs by adding a boundary constraint term and matching velocity fields.

problem Flow matching on constrained domains leads to unnatural samples.
method RFM adds a boundary constraint term and matches velocity fields in a simulation-free manner.
result RFM achieves comparable or better results on standard image benchmarks and produces high-quality samples.

In this note we first set up an analogy between spin and vorticity of a perfect 2d-fluid flow, based on the Borel-Weil contruction of the irreducible unitary representations of SU(2), and looking at the Madelung-Bohm velocity attached to the ensuing spin wave functions. We also show that, in the framework of finite dim…

2009-02-04abs ↗pdf ↗

This work addresses unstable MeanFlow training by optimizing a coefficient in the loss function.

problem Unstable training of MeanFlow models with non-decreasing loss and unbounded gradient variance.
method Established a theory attributing the instability to misuse of the conditional velocity field, derived the optimal coefficient, and showed practical realizations.
result Optimal coefficient yields up to 54% improvement in sample quality and monotone FID trend.

Optimal self-distillation improves generative models' velocity risk and mode recovery.

problem Improving generative models' velocity risk and mode recovery.
method Proved optimal self-distillation for rectified flow via linear probing, derived mixing coefficient, and provided validation tuning.
result Optimal self-distillation improves velocity risk and mode recovery.

Proves strong solutions for graphical Brakke flows with L2L^2 normal velocity.

problem Proving strong solutions for graphical Brakke flows with specific velocity conditions.
method Combining L2L^2 normal velocity with parabolic regularity theory.
result Graphical Brakke flows with forcing term in Lp,qL^{p,q} and C0,αC^{0,α} are strong and classical solutions.

SAGE generates subsurface velocity models from sparse well logs and seismic images.

problem Lack of high-quality subsurface velocity models due to limited data availability.
method Subsurface AI-driven geostatistical extraction using proxy posterior.
result SAGE produces geologically plausible and statistically accurate velocity realizations.

New method distinguishes cause from effect using causal velocity.

problem Inferring causal direction from bivariate data.
method Parametrization of bivariate SCMs in terms of causal velocity, using tools from measure transport.
result Method extends beyond known model classes and requires no assumptions on noise distributions.

EikoNet uses deep learning to solve the Eikonal equation quickly and efficiently.

problem Solving the Eikonal equation for first-arrival-time fields in complex 3D structures.
method Grid-free deep learning approach that optimizes network parameters to minimize equation violations.
result EikoNet provides accurate travel time solutions without violating the Eikonal equation.

The study examines perfect fluid spacetimes and their properties.

problem Characterizing properties of perfect fluid spacetimes with concircular vector fields.
method Analyzing the conformal curvature tensor, state equation, and solitons in perfect fluid spacetimes.
result Perfect fluid spacetimes with concircular vector fields have specific properties related to the state equation and solitons.

Anomalous diffusion in SGD reveals interactions between hyperparameters and Hessian.

problem Understanding the limiting dynamics of SGD in deep neural networks.
method Continuous-time model of SGD as an underdamped Langevin equation, derived for linear regression.
result Anomalous diffusion is explained by modified loss and probability currents in phase space.

LFIS uses a time-dependent velocity field to sample from complex distributions.

problem Sampling from unnormalized density functions.
method LFIS learns a time-dependent velocity field to transport samples from a simple initial distribution to a complex target distribution.
result LFIS achieves state-of-the-art performance on various benchmark problems.

NN-Turb generates turbulent velocity statistics using neural networks.

problem Creating a 1D field with turbulent velocity statistics.
method Fully-convolutional neural network (NN-Turb) to generate the field.
result NN-Turb generates a 1D field that satisfies Kolmogorov's 2/3 and 4/5 laws, exhibiting intermittency.

Bitcoin's monetary velocity is constrained by network friction, leading to significant utility contraction during shocks.

problem Bitcoin's monetary velocity is limited by network congestion, causing significant utility loss during economic shocks.
method Empirical analysis using Transaction Cost Index and threshold regression to identify structural breaks and velocity contraction.
result Network friction significantly reduces Bitcoin's monetary velocity, leading to a net utility contraction of -9.39% during shocks.

The determinants of the velocity of money have been examined based on life-cycle hypothesis. The velocity of money can be expressed by reciprocal of the average value of holding time which is defined as interval between participating exchanges for one unit of money. This expression indicates that the velocity is govern…

2005-07-21abs ↗pdf ↗

A new method interprets astrophysical spectra using geometric paths to distinguish line profiles.

problem Tackling the indistinguishability of spectral line profiles under scalar summaries.
method Introduces a geometric representation of line profiles using rough path theory, mapping profiles to a common velocity grid and defining descriptors from path properties.
result Compact descriptors separate morphologies with similar scalar summaries, revealing ordered line structures.

Develops scalable model for learning velocity fields in complex traffic scenarios.

problem Learning heterogeneous and dynamic velocity fields in complex traffic scenarios.
method Nonparametric Bayesian modeling with hierarchical Dirichlet process and infinite hidden Markov model, Gaussian process prior, and scalable approximate inference.
result Demonstrates effective scalability and applicability to real-world traffic data.

Generative sampler learns velocity fields for efficient posterior inference.

problem Sampling from complex posterior distributions in high dimensions.
method Generative multivariate posterior sampler via flow matching, learning a velocity field for a deterministic transport map.
result Conditional Brenier map enables fast generation of credible sets with theoretical consistency guarantees.

Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (HMC) is a popular Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm that generates proposals for a Metropolis-Hastings algorithm by simulating the dynamics of a Hamiltonian system. However, HMC is sensitive to large time discretizations and performs poorly if there is a mismatch between the spatial geo…

2016-09-14abs ↗pdf ↗

An (r,n)(r,n)-velocity is an rr-jet with source at 0Rn0 \in \R^n, and target in a manifold YY. An (r,n)(r,n)-velocity is said to be regular, if it has a representative which is an immersion at 0Rn0 \in \R^{n}. The manifold TnrYT^{r}_{n}Y of (r,n)(r,n)-velocities as well as its open, LnrL^{r}_{n}-invariant, dense submanifold $\Imm …

1997-08-26abs ↗pdf ↗

Time dilation 11v2\frac{1}{\sqrt{1-v^2}} and relative velocity vv are observationally indistinguishable in the special theory of relativity, a duality that carries over into the general theory under Fermi coordinates along a curve (in coordinate-independent language, in the tangent Minkowski space along the curve). For …

2005-12-05abs ↗pdf ↗

REGS samples from unnormalized distributions using gradient flow and neural networks.

problem Sampling from unnormalized distributions with high accuracy and efficiency.
method REGS is a particle method that iteratively transforms samples from a reference distribution to match an unnormalized target distribution using Wasserstein gradient flow and neural networks.
result REGS outperforms state-of-the-art methods in sampling from challenging multimodal distributions and real datasets.

Study uses neural networks to predict wall quantities in turbulent flows.

problem Predicting wall quantities in turbulent open channel flows.
method Training convolutional neural networks (FCN) and a proposed R-Net architecture to predict wall-shear-stress and wall pressure.
result R-Net architecture performs better and predicts wall quantities with around 10% error.

The paper develops a new class of financial market models. These models are based on generalized telegraph processes: Markov random flows with alternating velocities and jumps occurring when the velocities are switching. While such markets may admit an arbitrage opportunity, the model under consideration is arbitrage-f…

2007-12-20abs ↗pdf ↗

In this study, the concept of dual Lorentzian homotetic exponential motions in is discussed and their velocities, accelerations obtained. Also, some geometric results between velocity and acceleration vectors of a point in a spatial motion are obtained. Finally, the theorems related to acceleration and acceleration cen…

2013-11-03abs ↗pdf ↗