A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.
Paper derives policy rules from observational data for hepatitis C treatment.
The dearth of prescribing guidelines for physicians is one key driver of the current opioid epidemic in the United States. In this work, we analyze medical and pharmaceutical claims data to draw insights on characteristics of patients who are more prone to adverse outcomes after an initial synthetic opioid prescription…
Improving cancer treatment decisions requires considering causal effects, not just model accuracy.
The paper learns personalized treatment rules from observational data.
Unified survey of treatment effect heterogeneity and uplift modeling methods.
New method for finding optimal treatment regimes in medical settings with time-varying unobserved factors.
We study the model selection problem in conditional average treatment effect (CATE) prediction. Unlike previous works on this topic, we focus on preserving the rank order of the performance of candidate CATE predictors to enable accurate and stable model selection. To this end, we analyze the model performance ranking …
A new method improves treatment effect inferences in RCTs by adjusting for covariates and heteroskedasticity.
Study uses LLMs to create personalized treatment plans for rare gynecological tumors.
The paper integrates AI and expert knowledge to optimize radiotherapy decisions.
Background. Real-world data show that approximately 50% of psoriasis patients treated with a biologic agent will discontinue the drug because of loss of efficacy. History of previous therapy with another biologic, female sex and obesity were identified as predictors of drug discontinuations, but their individual predic…
Codebook for Institutional Grammar 2.0 simplifies policy encoding.
In this paper, we aimed at reviewing present literature on employing nonlinear analysis in combination with machine learning methods, in depression detection or prediction task. We are focusing on an affordable data-driven approach, applicable for everyday clinical practice, and in particular, those based on electroenc…
Current advances in research, development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) systems have yielded a far-reaching discourse on AI ethics. In consequence, a number of ethics guidelines have been released in recent years. These guidelines comprise normative principles and recommendations aimed to harness the …
Current clinical practice guidelines for managing Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) account for general cardiovascular risk factors. However, they do not present a framework that considers personalized patient-specific characteristics. Using the electronic health records of 21,460 patients, we created data-driven models fo…
This work simplifies choosing reinforcement-learning algorithms.
Annotation guidelines used to guide the annotation of training and evaluation datasets can have a considerable impact on the quality of machine learning models. In this study, we explore the effects of annotation guidelines on the quality of app feature extraction models. As a main result, we propose several changes to…
Framework for applying GPs to real-world data with scalability guidelines.
In this paper, we aimed at reviewing several different approaches present today in the search for more accurate diagnostic and treatment management in mental healthcare. Our focus is on mood disorders, and in particular on the major depressive disorder (MDD). We are reviewing and discussing findings based on neuroimagi…
Concave regularization methods provide natural procedures for sparse recovery. However, they are difficult to analyze in the high dimensional setting. Only recently a few sparse recovery results have been established for some specific local solutions obtained via specialized numerical procedures. Still, the fundamental…
Treatment recommendations within Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs) are largely based on findings from clinical trials and case studies, referred to here as research studies, that are often based on highly selective clinical populations, referred to here as study cohorts. When medical practitioners apply CPG recommend…
Deep learning clusters patient time-series data for better prognosis.
Proposes guidelines for developing medical AI products.
Excessively changing policies in many real world scenarios is difficult, unethical, or expensive. After all, doctor guidelines, tax codes, and price lists can only be reprinted so often. We may thus want to only change a policy when it is probable that the change is beneficial. In cases that a policy is a threshold on …
Bayesian optimisation has gained great popularity as a tool for optimising the parameters of machine learning algorithms and models. Somewhat ironically, setting up the hyper-parameters of Bayesian optimisation methods is notoriously hard. While reasonable practical solutions have been advanced, they can often fail to …
Consistently checking the statistical significance of experimental results is one of the mandatory methodological steps to address the so-called "reproducibility crisis" in deep reinforcement learning. In this tutorial paper, we explain how the number of random seeds relates to the probabilities of statistical errors. …
Scale of data and scale of computation infrastructures together enable the current deep learning renaissance. However, training large-scale deep architectures demands both algorithmic improvement and careful system configuration. In this paper, we focus on employing the system approach to speed up large-scale training.…
Sherpa.ai framework combines federated learning and differential privacy for edge AI services.
Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been proven to have many redundancies. Hence, many efforts have been made to compress DNNs. However, the existing model compression methods treat all the input samples equally while ignoring the fact that the difficulties of various input samples being correctly classified are different…
The study analyzes convergence rates for sparse pivotal estimators in high-dimensional regression.
State-of-the-art machine learning frameworks support a wide variety of design features to enable a flexible machine learning programming interface and to ease the programmability burden on machine learning developers. Identifying and using a performance-optimal setting in feature-rich frameworks, however, involves a no…
Electronic health records (EHR) data provide a cost and time-effective opportunity to conduct cohort studies of the effects of multiple time-point interventions in the diverse patient population found in real-world clinical settings. Because the computational cost of analyzing EHR data at daily (or more granular) scale…
This chapter introduces reproducibility in machine learning for medical imaging.
A framework for causal classification using uplift and causal heterogeneity methods.
Survival analysis models predict economic convergence across Americas.
GraphITE estimates individual effects of graph-structured treatments.
M3E2 neural network estimates multiple treatment effects.
The paper analyzes SMOTE for imbalanced classification, providing theoretical bounds and guidelines.
Robust low-rank matrix estimation is a topic of increasing interest, with promising applications in a variety of fields, from computer vision to data mining and recommender systems. Recent theoretical results establish the ability of such data models to recover the true underlying low-rank matrix when a large portion o…
Proposes a new method to estimate continuous treatment policies and match treatments effectively.
Explainable machine learning (ML) enables human learning from ML, human appeal of automated model decisions, regulatory compliance, and security audits of ML models. Explainable ML (i.e. explainable artificial intelligence or XAI) has been implemented in numerous open source and commercial packages and explainable ML i…
Framework generates personalized insulin treatment strategies using deep models.
The paper provides guidelines for choosing between SBI methods in complex biological models.
Unified theory explains two failure modes of deep transformers and provides initialisation guidelines.
New framework quantifies and reduces concept-based models' leakage.
Develops deep jump learning for continuous treatment OPE.
SaML guides ML models to avoid survey biases.
Method controls treatment risk in learning beneficial allocations.