t-SNE loses important features in data visualization.
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t-SNE algorithm's points remain bounded under gradient flow.
Theoretical analysis of t-SNE for visualizing clustered data.
t-SNE fails to reveal clusters even in well-clusterable data.
t-SNE is a popular tool for embedding multi-dimensional datasets into two or three dimensions. However, it has a large computational cost, especially when the input data has many dimensions. Many use t-SNE to embed the output of a neural network, which is generally of much lower dimension than the original data. This l…
t-distributed Stochastic Neighborhood Embedding (t-SNE) is a method for dimensionality reduction and visualization that has become widely popular in recent years. Efficient implementations of t-SNE are available, but they scale poorly to datasets with hundreds of thousands to millions of high dimensional data-points. W…
Paper studies t-SNE convergence with generalized kernels.
Dimensionality reduction and manifold learning methods such as t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) are routinely used to map high-dimensional data into a 2-dimensional space to visualize and explore the data. However, two dimensions are typically insufficient to capture all structure in the data, the sa…
t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) for the visualization of multidimensional data has proven to be a popular approach, with successful applications in a wide range of domains. Despite their usefulness, t-SNE projections can be hard to interpret or even misleading, which hurts the trustworthiness of the…
Proposes a parametric t-SNE without perplexity tuning.
This paper presents a new insight into improving the performance of Stochastic Neighbour Embedding (t-SNE) by using Isolation kernel instead of Gaussian kernel. Isolation kernel outperforms Gaussian kernel in two aspects. First, the use of Isolation kernel in t-SNE overcomes the drawback of misrepresenting some structu…
t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) is one of the most widely used dimensionality reduction methods for data visualization, but it has a perplexity hyperparameter that requires manual selection. In practice, proper tuning of t-SNE perplexity requires users to understand the inner working of the method a…
Modern datasets and models are notoriously difficult to explore and analyze due to their inherent high dimensionality and massive numbers of samples. Existing visualization methods which employ dimensionality reduction to two or three dimensions are often inefficient and/or ineffective for these datasets. This paper in…
ARS visualization improves t-SNE dynamics with tunable attraction and repulsion.
T-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding (t-SNE) is a widely used data visualisation technique. It differs from its predecessor SNE by the low-dimensional similarity kernel: the Gaussian kernel was replaced by the heavy-tailed Cauchy kernel, solving the "crowding problem" of SNE. Here, we develop an efficient imple…
Explains SNE, t-SNE, and their variants for manifold learning.
This paper finds a linear relationship between t-SNE perplexity and data set size.
Revised ct-SNE improves t-SNE for visualizing data beyond labels.
Parametric t-SNE improves generalization for streaming data.
A new method, tree-SNE, solves the scale problem in t-SNE.
Paper interprets UMAP and t-SNE as probabilistic MAP inference.
We introduce a nonlinear method for directly embedding large, sparse, stochastic graphs into low-dimensional spaces, without requiring vertex features to reside in, or be transformed into, a metric space. Graph data and models are prevalent in real-world applications. Direct graph embedding is fundamental to many graph…
Wasserstein t-SNE embeds hierarchical datasets considering within-unit distributions.
t-SNE and hierarchical clustering are popular methods of exploratory data analysis, particularly in biology. Building on recent advances in speeding up t-SNE and obtaining finer-grained structure, we combine the two to create tree-SNE, a hierarchical clustering and visualization algorithm based on stacked one-dimension…
t-distributed Stochastic Neighborhood Embedding (t-SNE), a clustering and visualization method proposed by van der Maaten & Hinton in 2008, has rapidly become a standard tool in a number of natural sciences. Despite its overwhelming success, there is a distinct lack of mathematical foundations and the inner workings of…
This work proves the continuum limit of t-SNE for data visualization.
This paper evaluates t-SNE and MDS for reducing dimensions in datasets and classifying them with KNN, ENN, and SVM.
Neighbor embeddings balance attraction and repulsion to visualize data.
New approach combines PCA and t-sne for better data analysis.
Study characterizes cryospheric spectral feature space using joint PC+t-SNE approach.
Mathematical analysis of SNE and t-SNE for dimension reduction.
GTSNE improves data visualization for high-dimensional data.
Study uses DNA methylation data to predict suicidal and non-suicidal deaths.
A new approach clusters data first, then embeds each cluster, improving transparency.
Auto insurers improve risk assessment using t-SNE.
We present GraphTSNE, a novel visualization technique for graph-structured data based on t-SNE. The growing interest in graph-structured data increases the importance of gaining human insight into such datasets by means of visualization. Among the most popular visualization techniques, classical t-SNE is not suitable o…
The t-distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE) is a powerful and popular method for visualizing high-dimensional data. It minimizes the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence between the original and embedded data distributions. In this work, we propose extending this method to other f-divergences. We analytically a…
Taxicab correspondence analysis visualizes sparse text data sets.
New machine learning method classifies companies effectively.
Improved performance in shape identification tasks using elastic metrics in t-SNE and UMAP.
S-multi-SNE combines t-SNE with labelling data for better multi-view data visualisation and classification.
We describe a new method called t-ETE for finding a low-dimensional embedding of a set of objects in Euclidean space. We formulate the embedding problem as a joint ranking problem over a set of triplets, where each triplet captures the relative similarities between three objects in the set. By exploiting recent advance…
With the rapid development of Internet finance, a large number of studies have shown that Internet financial platforms have different financial systemic risk characteristics when they are subject to macroeconomic shocks or fragile internal crisis. From the perspective of regional development of Internet finance, this p…
We introduce "TriMap"; a dimensionality reduction technique based on triplet constraints, which preserves the global structure of the data better than the other commonly used methods such as t-SNE, LargeVis, and UMAP. To quantify the global accuracy of the embedding, we introduce a score that roughly reflects the relat…
The paper presents an O(N log N)-implementation of t-SNE -- an embedding technique that is commonly used for the visualization of high-dimensional data in scatter plots and that normally runs in O(N^2). The new implementation uses vantage-point trees to compute sparse pairwise similarities between the input data object…
Proposes MR-SNE for multimodal data visualization.
The optimization of electric machines at multiple operating points is crucial for applications that require frequent changes on speeds and loads, such as the electric vehicles, to strive for the machine optimal performance across the entire driving cycle. However, the number of objectives that would need to be optimize…
Efficient auto-tuning for DR hyperparameters with BO.