Neuroscience is undergoing faster changes than ever before. Over 100 years our field qualitatively described and invasively manipulated single or few organisms to gain anatomical, physiological, and pharmacological insights. In the last 10 years neuroscience spawned quantitative big-sample datasets on microanatomy, syn…
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48 results for “statistical neuroscience”
New statistical inference method for high-dimensional Hawkes processes.
problem Uncertainty evaluation of network estimates in high-dimensional point process data.
method Develops a new statistical inference procedure using concentration inequalities and martingale central limit theory.
result Characterizes the convergence rate of test statistics for high-dimensional Hawkes processes.
Learning representations of data is an important problem in statistics and machine learning. While the origin of learning representations can be traced back to factor analysis and multidimensional scaling in statistics, it has become a central theme in deep learning with important applications in computer vision and co…
Proposes a nonparametric approach for inferring spike train filters.
problem Modeling neuron information encoding from electrophysiological recordings.
method Gaussian process framework for joint inference of filters and hyperparameters.
result Automatic learning of filter temporal span and stimulus/history filters.
A Python package for GLHMM, a flexible HMM framework.
problem Handling diverse HMM applications in neuroscience.
method Stochastic variational inference for large datasets.
result Enables statistical testing and out-of-sample prediction.
NeuroQuery synthesizes brain mapping evidence across diverse concepts.
problem Lack of comprehensive meta-analysis of human brain mapping across different mental processes and mechanisms.
method A multivariate model that predicts the spatial distribution of neurological observations given text describing an experiment, cognitive process, or disease.
result Captures relationships and neural correlates of 7,547 neuroscience terms across 13,459 neuroimaging publications.
A new method improves fitting neural data with spiking network models.
problem Fitting spiking network models to neural activity does not produce realistic data.
method Augment log-likelihood with dissimilarity terms measured by summary statistics and optimized via back-propagation.
result The new method generates more realistic neural activity statistics and improves network connectivity inference.
Researchers develop geodesics for a new metric on correlation matrices.
problem Lack of intrinsic tools for statistical analyses of correlation matrices.
method Developed geodesics for the quotient-affine metric on full-rank correlation matrices.
result Provided fundamental Riemannian operations for the quotient-affine metric.
A simple thresholding technique improves graph selection in neural connectivity studies.
problem Graphical model selection for functional neural connectivity in the presence of latent variables.
method Apply a hard thresholding operator to graphical Lasso, neighborhood selection, or CLIME estimators.
result Thresholded estimators outperform existing methods in graph selection consistency and empirical results.
A new model for sequential memory using temporal predictive coding.
problem Forming accurate memory of sequential stimuli in the brain.
method Proposes a novel PC-based model called temporal predictive coding (tPC).
result Shows that tPC models can accurately memorize and retrieve sequential inputs.
Develops a method to model neural dynamics with flexible yet interpretable latent states.
problem Capturing complex nonlinear dynamics in neural time series while maintaining interpretability.
method Gaussian Process Switching Linear Dynamical System (gpSLDS) that balances expressiveness and interpretability.
result Favorable performance in comparison to rSLDS on synthetic and real neuroscience data.
Develops a new point process model for detecting neural spike sequences.
problem Detecting sparse sequences of neural spikes in high-dimensional spike trains.
method A point process model that represents sequence occurrences as marked events in continuous time, with learnable time warping parameters.
result Demonstrates improved detection and modeling of neural spike sequences.
Over the last several years, the use of machine learning (ML) in neuroscience has been rapidly increasing. Here, we review ML's contributions, both realized and potential, across several areas of systems neuroscience. We describe four primary roles of ML within neuroscience: 1) creating solutions to engineering problem…
Neuroimaging research has predominantly drawn conclusions based on classical statistics, including null-hypothesis testing, t-tests, and ANOVA. Throughout recent years, statistical learning methods enjoy increasing popularity, including cross-validation, pattern classification, and sparsity-inducing regression. These t…
New AI-block models for clustering high-dimensional variables based on maxima of random processes.
problem Clustering high-dimensional variables with weakly dependent maxima of random processes.
method Asymptotic Independent block (AI-block) models and an algorithm for variable clustering.
result The proposed AI-block models and algorithm can effectively identify clusters in high-dimensional data.
Recent experimental advances in neuroscience have opened new vistas into the immense complexity of neuronal networks. This proliferation of data challenges us on two parallel fronts. First, how can we form adequate theoretical frameworks for understanding how dynamical network processes cooperate across widely disparat…
Paper develops statistical tests for covariance matrix regression on manifold.
problem Regression with random covariance matrices in Fréchet space.
method Develops Wasserstein F-tests for Bures-Wasserstein manifold.
result Asymptotic null distribution and power of the test.
Deep learning has sparked a network of mutual interactions between different disciplines and AI. Naturally, each discipline focuses and interprets the workings of deep learning in different ways. This diversity of perspectives on deep learning, from neuroscience to statistical physics, is a rich source of inspiration t…
New VAE models reveal hierarchical visual cortex computations.
problem Capturing hierarchical visual cortex computations in generative models.
method Sparse coding hierarchical VAEs trained on natural images with varied generative and recognition components.
result Representations similar to those in visual cortex emerge under inductive biases.
Perfect clustering achieved in hypergraphs with enough interactions.
problem Complexity and lack of tractable models for analyzing hypergraphs.
method Introduced an interaction hypergraph model for analyzing hypergraphs, defined latent embeddings, and analyzed spectral estimators.
result A spectral estimate of interaction latent positions can achieve perfect clustering with enough interactions.
Improves Gaussian process factor models for multi-population recordings.
problem Cubic runtime scaling with trial length and group number limits application to large-scale recordings.
method Two approximate approaches: inducing variables and frequency domain.
result Achieved orders of magnitude speed-up with minimal statistical performance impact.
New method detects structural shifts in multivariate Hawkes processes.
problem Detecting changes in multivariate Hawkes processes.
method Using Fréchet statistics on overlapping windows of causal network.
result Accurately detects and characterizes changes in causal structure.
Statistical Mechanics of Support Vector Regressioncond-mat.dis-nn
Statistical mechanics reveals phase transitions in -SVR error.
problem Understanding task precision in neural representations with variability.
method Statistical mechanics applied to -SVR.
result Double-descent phenomenon in generalization error due to .
Time-series data is being increasingly collected and stud- ied in several areas such as neuroscience, climate science, transportation, and social media. Discovery of complex patterns of relationships between individual time-series, using data-driven approaches can improve our understanding of real-world systems. While …
Consider observing an undirected network that is `noisy' in the sense that there are Type I and Type II errors in the observation of edges. Such errors can arise, for example, in the context of inferring gene regulatory networks in genomics or functional connectivity networks in neuroscience. Given a single observed ne…
Factor models are a class of powerful statistical models that have been widely used to deal with dependent measurements that arise frequently from various applications from genomics and neuroscience to economics and finance. As data are collected at an ever-growing scale, statistical machine learning faces some new cha…
Covariate-dependent Graphical Model Estimation via Neural Networks with Statistical Guaranteesstat.ML
Neural network method estimates covariate-dependent graphical models with statistical guarantees.
problem Estimating graph structure from covariate-dependent data.
method Neural network approach that allows flexible functional dependency on covariates.
result Theoretical PAC guarantees for the method's performance.
TSNPE improves SBI efficiency and scalability.
problem Efficient and scalable simulation-based inference for complex models.
method Sequential inference with truncated proposals.
result TSNPE performs on par with previous methods and scales to complex models.
CoNBONet: Conformalized Neuroscience-inspired Bayesian Operator Network for Reliability Analysisstat.ML
CoNBONet improves reliability analysis of complex systems with fast, energy-efficient predictions.
problem Time-dependent reliability analysis of nonlinear systems under stochastic excitations is computationally demanding.
method CoNBONet combines deep operator networks with neuroscience-inspired neuron models for fast, energy-efficient inference.
result CoNBONet provides reliable coverage of failure probabilities with theoretical guarantees.
A new model for dynamic covariance recovery in neuroimaging data.
problem Estimating time-varying covariances in high-dimensional neuroimaging data.
method Nonconvex factorization into sparse spatial and smooth temporal components, combined with spectral initialization and gradient descent.
result The proposed method achieves linear convergence and superior performance compared to existing approaches.
We present the first fully variational Bayesian inference scheme for continuous Gaussian-process-modulated Poisson processes. Such point processes are used in a variety of domains, including neuroscience, geo-statistics and astronomy, but their use is hindered by the computational cost of existing inference schemes. Ou…
Neural networks with learned biases can approximate any function.
problem Whether neural networks with only learned biases can approximate any continuous function.
method Theoretical and numerical analysis of random weights and learned biases in neural networks.
result Feedforward and recurrent neural networks with random weights can approximate any continuous function and dynamical systems.
New insights into data geometry reveal manifold structure in grid-cell activity.
problem Understanding the roles of different dimensions in data geometry.
method Generalised Hanson-Wright inequality and random function model analysis.
result Persistence diagrams reveal latent homology and manifold structure.
Recovery of simultaneous low rank and two-way sparse coefficient matrices, a nonconvex approachstat.ML
We study the problem of recovery of matrices that are simultaneously low rank and row and/or column sparse. Such matrices appear in recent applications in cognitive neuroscience, imaging, computer vision, macroeconomics, and genetics. We propose a GDT (Gradient Descent with hard Thresholding) algorithm to efficiently r…
DRO optimizes decisions under uncertain distributions, considering worst-case scenarios.
problem Optimizing decisions when the distribution of uncertainties is itself uncertain.
method Defines ambiguity sets and seeks decisions optimal under the worst-case distribution.
result DRO models can be connected to regularization techniques and machine learning.
Statistical models of natural stimuli provide an important tool for researchers in the fields of machine learning and computational neuroscience. A canonical way to quantitatively assess and compare the performance of statistical models is given by the likelihood. One class of statistical models which has recently gain…
L-C2ST improves local diagnostics for SBI approximations.
problem Evaluating trustworthiness of posterior approximations in SBI.
method Local evaluation of posterior estimators at any observation.
result Offers better statistical power and interpretability.
Study shows how correlations between neural activity affect classification capacity.
problem Understanding how correlations between neural activity impact classification performance.
method Calculated the capacity of neural activity on spherical manifolds with and without correlations between centroids and axes.
result Introducing correlations between neural activity centroids pushes spheres closer together, while correlations between axes shrink their radii, revealing a duality between correlations and geometry in classification.
pi-VAE models neural activity with interpretable latent variables.
problem Difficult interpretation of deep generative models for neural data.
method Adapted variational auto-encoder to integrate task variables.
result Improves interpretability and identifiability of neural codes.
Cluster Quilting clusters fragmented data sets for neuroscience and genomics.
problem Clustering fragmented data sets in neuroscience and genomics.
method Cluster Quilting method using patch ordering, patchwise SVD, sequential linear mapping, and k-means.
result Cluster Quilting discovers more accurate clusters than other methods.
New method improves ABC for Bayesian model comparison.
problem Comparing complex models with observed data.
method Approximate Bayesian Computation with posterior density estimation.
result Efficiently assigns high posterior probabilities to ground-truth models.
Cognitive neuroscience is enjoying rapid increase in extensive public brain-imaging datasets. It opens the door to large-scale statistical models. Finding a unified perspective for all available data calls for scalable and automated solutions to an old challenge: how to aggregate heterogeneous information on brain func…
IBS efficiently estimates log-likelihood without bias.
problem Estimating log-likelihood for complex models.
method Inverse Binomial Sampling (IBS) for efficient, unbiased estimation.
result IBS produces lower error in estimated parameters and maximum log-likelihood values.
Visualizes DNNs using topographic maps for better understanding.
problem Difficulty in understanding how DNNs solve tasks.
method Adapting neuroscience methods to visualize DNN activations.
result Improved transparency and interpretability of DNN-based systems.
AKOrN uses synchronized neurons to improve AI tasks.
problem Improving AI performance through better neural representations.
method AKOrN introduces synchronized neurons to replace threshold units.
result AKOrN improves performance across various AI tasks.
Deep learning, computational neuroscience, and cognitive science have overlapping goals related to understanding intelligence such that perception and behaviour can be simulated in computational systems. In neuroimaging, machine learning methods have been used to test computational models of sensory information process…
Deep Learning-based Stress Determinator for Mouse Psychiatric Analysis using Hippocampus Activitycs.LG
Deep learning predicts stress levels from mouse hippocampus activity.
problem Stress level in mice under different environments.
method Deep learning combined with neuron decoding.
result Deep learning model accurately predicts stress levels.
Novel method models dynamic brain graphs from time series data.
problem Generating hypotheses for dynamic brain states.
method Conditionally weighted superposition of static graphs.
result Improves f1-scores by 22-28% on average over baselines.