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arXiv research

A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

168,657 papers · 148 categories

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85170255340 · May 202619922001200920172026
48 results for finite population

Study shows finite agent equilibrium converges to mean-field limit in asset pricing.

problem Asset pricing equilibrium in markets with finite vs infinite agents.
method Existence of finite agent equilibrium and strong convergence to mean-field limit.
result Finite agent equilibrium converges to mean-field limit under suitable conditions.

Study on optimal trading in a finite population with market frictions and asymmetric information.

problem Optimal trading in a finite population with market frictions and asymmetric information.
method Investigates stochastic differential games with asymmetric information and market frictions, proving existence and uniqueness of Nash and Stackelberg-Nash equilibria.
result Existence and uniqueness of Nash and Stackelberg-Nash equilibria in both unconstrained and constrained trading scenarios.

Many modern data analysis problems involve inferences from streaming data. However, streaming data is not easily amenable to the standard probabilistic modeling approaches, which assume that we condition on finite data. We develop population variational Bayes, a new approach for using Bayesian modeling to analyze strea…

2015-07-19abs ↗pdf ↗

NeuPL learns diverse policies in strategy games efficiently.

problem Iterative training of policies in strategy games leads to under-trained good-responses and wasteful repetition.
method NeuPL uses a single conditional model to represent a population of policies, offering convergence guarantees and transfer learning.
result NeuPL achieves better performance and efficiency across various domains, enabling access to novel strategies.

The study investigates the consistency of kk-means clustering under finite expectation assumptions.

problem Consistency of kk-means clustering under finite expectation assumptions.
method Investigates the conditions under which kk-means clustering is consistent, considering finite expectation instead of finite variance.
result Inconsistency can arise due to extreme cluster imbalance, leading to some clusters having few points.

Consider the problem of sampling sequentially from a finite number of N2N \geq 2 populations, specified by random variables XkiX^i_k, i=1,,N, i = 1,\ldots , N, and k=1,2,k = 1, 2, \ldots; where XkiX^i_k denotes the outcome from population ii the kthk^{th} time it is sampled. It is assumed that for each fixed ii, $\{ X^i_k \}_{k …

2015-04-22abs ↗pdf ↗

SDRF estimates complex survey designs for conditional distributions.

problem Estimating conditional distributions under complex survey designs.
method Survey-calibrated distributional random forest (SDRF) with pseudo-population bootstrap and MMD split criterion.
result Established design consistency and model consistency for survey designs.

Study controlled contagion with state-dependent killing, proving a comparison principle.

problem Analyzing controlled McKean--Vlasov contagion with state-dependent killing.
method Proof of a comparison principle using Wasserstein smooth-gauge comparison and killing-jump absorption estimates.
result Established a comparison principle for the two-population killed-particle HJB.

New algorithm finds approximate stationary points faster under differential privacy constraints.

problem Finding approximate stationary points of smooth and Lipschitz functions under differential privacy constraints.
method Developed an efficient algorithm that improves convergence rates to stationary points.
result Achieved faster rates of convergence to stationary points in both finite-sum and stochastic settings.

This study improves audit sampling by using sequential procedures with statistical guarantees.

problem Improving audit efficiency and reliability with statistical methods.
method Formulated as a sequential testing problem, defining null and alternative hypotheses, stopping and decision rules, and exact boundary conditions.
result Exact design yields ex ante control of decision error probabilities, and simulation-based implementation approximates this design.

Paper analyzes SVGD algorithm for non-asymptotic convergence.

problem Optimizing a set of particles to approximate a target probability distribution.
method Finite time analysis of SVGD algorithm, providing descent lemma and convergence rates.
result SVGD algorithm decreases the objective at each iteration and converges to the target distribution.

Efficiently estimates variable importance in prediction tasks using Shapley values.

problem Valid statistical inference on the importance of variables in prediction tasks.
method Randomly sampling feature subsets to estimate Shapley Population Variable Importance Measure (SPVIM) efficiently.
result The proposed estimator converges at an asymptotically optimal rate and can construct valid confidence intervals and hypothesis tests.

Proposes a neural network method to combine nonprobability and probability survey samples.

problem Combining nonprobability and probability survey samples for accurate population mean estimation.
method Uses a deep neural network to estimate sampling scores from nonprobability samples and combines them with probability sample information.
result Proposed estimators improve robustness to parametric propensity-score misspecification, especially for nonlinear selection mechanisms.

Develops an equilibrium model for securities pricing in a mixed cooperative and non-cooperative market.

problem Equilibrium pricing of securities in a market with cooperative and non-cooperative agents.
method Conditional extended mean-field control for cooperative agents, mean-field model for both cooperative and non-cooperative agents.
result Existence of a unique equilibrium for both finite-agent and mean-field models under certain conditions.

We consider the \mnk{classical} problem of a controller activating (or sampling) sequentially from a finite number of N2N \geq 2 populations, specified by unknown distributions. Over some time horizon, at each time n=1,2,n = 1, 2, \ldots, the controller wishes to select a population to sample, with the goal of sampling fro…

2015-10-07abs ↗pdf ↗

Consider the problem of a controller sampling sequentially from a finite number of N2N \geq 2 populations, specified by random variables XkiX^i_k, i=1,,N, i = 1,\ldots , N, and k=1,2,k = 1, 2, \ldots; where XkiX^i_k denotes the outcome from population ii the kthk^{th} time it is sampled. It is assumed that for each fixed ii, $\{…

2015-05-08abs ↗pdf ↗

Policy mirror ascent achieves Nash equilibrium in mean field games without a population generative model.

problem Achieving Nash equilibrium in mean field games without a population generative model.
method Policy mirror ascent, contractive operator, single-path TD learning.
result Policy mirror ascent converges to Nash equilibrium within O~(ε2)\widetilde{\mathcal{O}}(\varepsilon^{-2}) samples.

We analyze double descent in finite-width neural networks using influence functions.

problem Understanding double descent in finite-width neural networks.
method Using influence functions to derive population loss bounds and investigate loss function effects.
result Derived bounds exhibit double descent behavior at the interpolation threshold.

Model-based clustering imposes a finite mixture modelling structure on data for clustering. Finite mixture models assume that the population is a convex combination of a finite number of densities, the distribution within each population is a basic assumption of each particular model. Among all distributions that have …

2013-11-26abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper analyzes the maximum margin algorithm's performance on noisy data.

problem Analyzing the performance of maximum margin algorithm on noisy data.
method Finite-sample analysis of maximum margin algorithm applied to noisy data.
result The maximum margin algorithm can achieve nearly optimal population risk with sufficient over-parameterization.

Bayesian approach learns nonparametric mixture components from heterogeneous data.

problem Realistic modeling of heterogeneous data populations with nonparametric mixture components.
method Bayesian nonparametric modeling using Dirichlet process mixture priors.
result Posterior contraction rates for component densities are nearly polynomial, improving over deconvolution methods.

Additive principal components (APCs for short) are a nonlinear generalization of linear principal components. We focus on smallest APCs to describe additive nonlinear constraints that are approximately satisfied by the data. Thus APCs fit data with implicit equations that treat the variables symmetrically, as opposed t…

2015-11-21abs ↗pdf ↗

We formalize AURC and develop estimators for SC systems.

problem Evaluation of SC systems' performance.
method Formal statistical formulation, Monte Carlo methods, plug-in estimators.
result Plug-in estimators are consistent, with low bias and bounded MSE.

The method approximates stationary distributions of Markov models by truncating irrelevant states.

problem Computing the stationary distribution of complex Markov models is computationally challenging.
method A state-space lumping scheme that aggregates states in a grid structure, iteratively refining the state-space.
result The method provides a well-justified finite-state projection tailored to the stationary behavior of Markov models.

Trimming helps in conformal prediction when it separates anomaly scores.

problem Effectiveness of trimming in conformal prediction under contamination.
method Analyse fixed-threshold trimming as a replacement of the contaminated calibration law with a retained law.
result Trimming helps when it separates anomaly scores, reducing clean-target coverage to a one-dimensional score-CDF transfer problem.

We study convergence of a generative modeling method that first estimates the score function of the distribution using Denoising Auto-Encoders (DAE) or Denoising Score Matching (DSM) and then employs Langevin diffusion for sampling. We show that both DAE and DSM provide estimates of the score of the Gaussian smoothed p…

2020-01-31abs ↗pdf ↗

New method improves NN performance across various settings.

problem Improving neural network performance across different datasets and architectures.
method Population Gradients (PG) method to calculate non-local gradient estimates.
result Significantly improves final performance across architectures, data-sets, and hyper-parameters.

The paper derives statistics of multi-factor functions from their Fourier transforms.

problem Deriving statistics of multi-factor functions from Fourier transforms.
method Developed an m-Coefficient/Index Annihilation Theorem to analyze the moments of a function from its Fourier transform.
result The mth moment of a function becomes a series of terms, each with precisely m Fourier coefficients, and the indices sum to zero.

FAQ efficiently evaluates LLMs with statistical guarantees using adaptive query selection.

problem Efficiently evaluating many LLMs on a large suite of benchmarks is expensive.
method FAQ uses Bayesian factor models, adaptive sampling, and proactive active inference to select queries.
result FAQ delivers up to 5x effective sample size gains over baselines, matching CI width with fewer queries.

Estimates class prior for unlabeled data using kernel embedding.

problem Estimating class prior in PU learning scenario where only positive and full population samples are available.
method Direct estimator based on distribution matching and kernel embedding in Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space.
result Asymptotic consistency and explicit deviation bound for the estimator.

Study optimal investment in large populations of competitive, heterogeneous agents.

problem Maximizing utility in a large, interacting agent system with relative performance concerns.
method Analyzes stochastic utility maximization game in finite and infinite agent settings, using graphon models and backward stochastic differential equations.
result Convergence of Nash equilibria and optimal utilities from finite to infinite agent models under specific conditions.

Develops certificates for local population-risk increments using cross-fitted ridge calibration.

problem Certifying local population-risk increments in statistical models.
method Cross-fitted ridge calibration for linear feature classes, separating Taylor fluctuations and remainders.
result Certifies measurable updates from the same sample with penalties dependent on empirical geometry.