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arXiv research

A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

169,051 papers · 148 categories

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36912 · Jun 202019922001200920182026
48 results for decision-maker

The paper addresses the difficulty of decision makers trusting AI-assisted predictions and proposes a method to improve confidence values.

problem Decision makers struggle to trust AI-assisted predictions based on confidence values.
method The paper investigates why decision makers have difficulties and proposes a method to construct more useful confidence values.
result Multicalibration with respect to the decision maker's confidence on her own predictions is a sufficient condition for alignment, leading to better decisions.

Study shows it's hard to detect when a decision-maker fakes fairness using a specific sampling technique.

problem Detecting when decision-makers fake fairness using auditing tools.
method Developed a stealthily biased sampling algorithm to construct deceptive benchmark datasets.
result The constructed deceptive datasets are difficult to detect, making it hard to avoid fake fairness.

We investigate how the choice of decision makers can be varied under the presence of risk and uncertainty. Our analysis is based on the approach we have previously applied to individual decision makers, which we now generalize to the case of decision makers that are members of a society. The approach employs the mathem…

2014-09-02abs ↗pdf ↗

A principle for specialized decision-making divides complex problems into manageable parts.

problem Complex decision-making problems beyond individual capabilities.
method An on-line learning rule that learns a partitioning of the problem space for specialized linear policies.
result The approach solves problems that exceed individual decision-makers' capabilities.

We consider an adversarial online learning setting where a decision maker can choose an action in every stage of the game. In addition to observing the reward of the chosen action, the decision maker gets side observations on the reward he would have obtained had he chosen some of the other actions. The observation str…

2011-06-13abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper presents algorithms to learn decision-maker's objective function from observed data.

problem Learning the objective function of a decision-maker from observed data and decisions.
method Online learning algorithms for inverse optimization with convergence rate O(1/T) \mathcal{O}(1/\sqrt{T}) .
result The algorithms allow decisions as good as the observed decision-maker's after few iterations.

Develops optimal uncertainty quantification for risk-averse decision makers.

problem Quantifying prediction uncertainty for risk-sensitive domains.
method Decision-theoretic foundations connecting uncertainty quantification with risk-averse decision-making.
result Risk-Averse Calibration (RAC) algorithm provides optimal prediction sets for risk-averse decision makers.

New algorithms optimize decision rules in strategic scenarios, minimizing prediction risk and incentivizing better outcomes.

problem Strategic agents manipulate features to improve outcomes, complicating decision-making models.
method Efficient algorithms for learning decision rules that minimize prediction risk, incentivize better outcomes, and estimate true model coefficients.
result Optimal decision rules can be learned through testing and observing agent responses, circumventing hardness results.

A model for human-machine decision-making with private info and opacity.

problem Optimizing decisions in a human-machine system with private info and opacity.
method Formulated as a two-player learning problem, proved lower and upper bounds on optimality.
result Simple coordination strategy is nearly minimax optimal, efficient learning possible under certain assumptions.

Proposes a compensation mechanism for improving individual forecast confidence.

problem Difficult to assess the quality of individual probabilistic forecasts and their utilities.
method Compensation mechanism based on fair bets and online learning.
result The proposed mechanism cannot be exploited and ensures forecasted utility matches actual utility.

Paper tackles non-monotonic resource utilization in sequential decision-making.

problem Sequential decision-making under uncertainty with resource constraints.
method Introduces a new MDP policy with constant regret against LP relaxation.
result Develops a learning algorithm with logarithmic regret for unknown outcome distributions.

We address online linear optimization problems when the possible actions of the decision maker are represented by binary vectors. The regret of the decision maker is the difference between her realized loss and the best loss she would have achieved by picking, in hindsight, the best possible action. Our goal is to unde…

2012-04-20abs ↗pdf ↗

Study resource allocation strategies in sequential decisions with unknown rewards.

problem Sequential resource allocation with unknown rewards.
method Design combinatorial multi-armed bandit algorithms for discrete or continuous budgets.
result Prove algorithms achieve logarithmic cumulative regret under semi-bandit feedback.

The maximum entropy principle can be used to assign utility values when only partial information is available about the decision maker's preferences. In order to obtain such utility values it is necessary to establish an analogy between probability and utility through the notion of a utility density function. According…

2007-09-05abs ↗pdf ↗

Bayesian method helps decision-makers find preferred solutions in multi-objective optimization.

problem Identifying preferred solutions from the Pareto set in multi-objective optimization problems.
method Bayesian model to estimate decision-maker's utility function based on pairwise comparisons, guided by a principled elicitation strategy.
result Superior performance in finding high-utility solutions with a small number of queries.

We discuss multi-task online learning when a decision maker has to deal simultaneously with M tasks. The tasks are related, which is modeled by imposing that the M-tuple of actions taken by the decision maker needs to satisfy certain constraints. We give natural examples of such restrictions and then discuss a general …

2009-02-20abs ↗pdf ↗

Diffusion approximations optimize sequential experimentation for uncertain parameters.

problem Maximizing reward from unknown parameter Θ with delayed action.
method Bayesian sequential experimentation framework, dynamic programming, diffusion asymptotics.
result Derives diffusion approximation for optimal experimentation strategy.

Paper tackles dynamic pricing in a geometrically decaying environment, achieving better occupancy with lower rates.

problem Minimizing expected loss in a dynamically changing environment with decisions dependent on the data distribution.
method Introduces algorithms for information and loss function settings, using repeated decision deployment to allow mixing of the environment.
result Iteration complexity matches first and zero order stochastic gradient methods up to logarithmic factors.

Algorithm allocates perishable resources online to minimize envy and inefficiency.

problem Online allocation of perishable resources to minimize envy and inefficiency.
method Algorithm uses predictions of perishing order and desired envy bound to adaptively allocate resources.
result Algorithm achieves optimal envy-efficiency trade-off as derived from strong lower bounds.

qEUBO optimizes decision-making with noisy feedback.

problem Optimizing decision-making with noisy preference feedback.
method Introduces qEUBO as a novel acquisition function for preferential Bayesian optimization.
result qEUBO is one-step Bayes optimal and enjoys an approximation guarantee under noise.

A sequential classifier minimizes test samples for binary and multi-class classification.

problem Minimizing test samples for sequential classification with unknown distributions.
method Proposes a classifier for binary and multi-class problems, analyzing error probabilities and extending results.
result Significant advantage over non-sequential classifiers, achieving same exponents without rejection option.

In this paper, we investigate the Merton portfolio management problem in the context of non-exponential discounting. This gives rise to time-inconsistency of the decision-maker. If the decision-maker at time t=0 can commit his/her successors, he/she can choose the policy that is optimal from his/her point of view, and …

2007-08-03abs ↗pdf ↗

PAC best arm identification with a deadline, improving efficiency over sequential methods.

problem Identifying an optimal arm under a fixed time constraint.
method Elastic Batch Racing (EBR) algorithm for (ε,δ)(ε, δ)-PAC best arm identification under a deadline.
result EBR is optimal with respect to two hardness results and outperforms sequential methods.

Study preferences over uncertain time payments, finds growth-optimality better than expected utility theory.

problem Understanding how people make decisions with uncertain timing of payments.
method Normative model of growth-optimality, revisiting experimental evidence on time lotteries.
result Growth-optimality better explains experimental data on time lotteries than expected discounted utility theory.

Subjective expected utility theory assumes that decision-makers possess unlimited computational resources to reason about their choices; however, virtually all decisions in everyday life are made under resource constraints - i.e. decision-makers are bounded in their rationality. Here we experimentally tested the predic…

2016-10-06abs ↗pdf ↗

The Multi-Armed Bandits (MAB) framework highlights the tension between acquiring new knowledge (Exploration) and leveraging available knowledge (Exploitation). In the classical MAB problem, a decision maker must choose an arm at each time step, upon which she receives a reward. The decision maker's objective is to maxi…

2017-02-23abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper shows how expert knowledge can improve treatment effect estimation.

problem Lack of leveraging expert knowledge in treatment effect estimation.
method Formally defining two types of expertise (predictive and prognostic) and demonstrating their influence on treatment effect estimation methods.
result Expertise type significantly influences treatment effect estimation methods, and can be predicted from a dataset.

Framework improves human decision-making by learning representations.

problem Improving human decision-making performance conflated with machine accuracy.
method Mind Composed with Machine framework, incorporating human decision-making model into representation learning.
result Empirically demonstrated successful application to various tasks and representational forms.

Study on inventory management under uncertainty using smooth ambiguity preference.

problem Managing inventory under Knightian uncertainty with smooth ambiguity preference.
method Demonstrates continuous-time smooth ambiguity as the infinitesimal limit of Kalman-Bucy filtering with recursive robust utility. Solves forward-backward stochastic differential equations with quadratic growth to determine cost function. Derives value function and optimal control policy using variational inequalities and viscosity solutions. Transforms problem into two-dimensional singular control.
result Ambiguity drives decision-makers to act earlier, reducing the continuation region.

New research shows machine-assisted decisions can still be unfair even when the algorithm is fair.

problem Ensuring fairness in decisions made with machine-assisted human input.
method Formal model and lab experiment to analyze how machine predictions affect human decisions.
result Excluding information about protected groups from machine predictions can increase disparities.

In most real-world settings such as recommender systems, finance, and healthcare, collecting useful information is costly and requires an active choice on the part of the decision maker. The decision-maker needs to learn simultaneously what observations to make and what actions to take. This paper incorporates the info…

2016-02-11abs ↗pdf ↗

Paper proposes an active preference learning method using radial basis functions.

problem Optimization problems where decision-maker can only express preferences.
method Iteratively proposes new comparisons based on learning a surrogate function from preferences and decision vectors.
result Surrogate function fit by radial basis functions, leading to better global optimizer.