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A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

168,694 papers · 148 categories

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275380106 · May 202619922001200920172026
48 results for causal calculus

AP-Calculus offers a new framework for causal inference in Bayesian networks.

problem Causal inference in Bayesian networks with complex architectures.
method Introduces Attribution Projection Calculus (AP-Calculus) to determine causal relationships.
result Proves that for each label, exactly one intermediate node acts as a deconfounder.

The concept of causality has a controversial history. The question of whether it is possible to represent and address causal problems with probability theory, or if fundamentally new mathematics such as the do calculus is required has been hotly debated, e.g. Pearl (2001) states "the building blocks of our scientific a…

2019-06-17abs ↗pdf ↗

We establish causal semantics for SDEs and develop methods to reason about them.

problem Understanding causal relationships in systems modeled by stochastic differential equations.
method We introduce a causal graph framework, Markov properties, and do-calculus for SDEs.
result We prove the σσ-separation Markov property and do-calculus for causal SDEs.

Forré introduces a new conditional independence notion for mixed variables.

problem Unified framework for random and non-stochastic variables.
method Unified framework of transitional conditional independence and causal calculus for iDMGs.
result Unified framework connects conditional independencies to graphical separation criteria.

The concept of causality has a controversial history. The question of whether it is possible to represent and address causal problems with probability theory, or if fundamentally new mathematics such as the do-calculus is required has been hotly debated, In this paper we demonstrate that, while it is critical to explic…

2019-10-02abs ↗pdf ↗

Paper characterizes causal graphs from hard interventions and proposes a learning algorithm.

problem Discovering causal structure from hard interventions and observational data.
method Proposes graphical constraints and a learning algorithm based on do-calculus.
result Characterizes interventional equivalence classes of causal graphs with latent variables.

Develops a mathematical framework for causal fermion systems in infinite dimensions.

problem Analysis of causal fermion systems in infinite-dimensional settings.
method Introduces Banach manifold structure and expedient differential calculus.
result Establishes Hölder continuity of causal Lagrangian and integrated causal Lagrangian.

Hierarchical causal models help understand cause and effect in nested data.

problem Learning cause and effect from nested hierarchical data.
method Extend structural causal models and causal graphical models with inner plates, develop graphical identification technique and estimation methods.
result Hierarchical data can enable causal identification even when non-hierarchical data cannot.

Novel approach to compute hazard ratios from observational studies using SCMs and backdoor adjustment.

problem Identifying causal relationships from observational data using hazard ratios.
method Backdoor adjustment through structural causal models (SCMs) and do-calculus.
result Novel approach for computing hazard ratios from observational studies.

CCHM algorithm learns BN structure with latent variables, improving causal effect measurement.

problem Latent variables cause spurious relationships in BN structure learning.
method Hybrid approach combining constraint-based and score-based learning, incorporating do-calculus.
result CCHM outperforms state-of-the-art in reconstructing true BN structure.

COTA learns abstraction maps from data without complete SCM knowledge.

problem Learning causally consistent representations at different resolutions.
method Multi-marginal Optimal Transport (OT) with do-calculus constraints and interventional cost.
result COTA outperforms non-causal and independent formulations on synthetic and real-world problems.

This study uses causal Shapley values to analyze how socioeconomic factors cause the spread of COVID-19.

problem Understanding how socioeconomic factors cause the spread of COVID-19.
method The study employs an explanatory framework from cooperative game theory augmented with do calculus, specifically causal Shapley values, to analyze the causal connections.
result The causal Shapley values reveal distinct advantages of non-linear machine learning models over linear models in multivariate analysis.

The paper compares and optimizes estimators for treatment effects with observed confounders and mediators.

problem Estimating treatment effects with observed confounders and mediators.
method Investigates the linear Gaussian causal model, compares and optimizes estimators, and combines datasets.
result An optimal estimator outperforms the backdoor and frontdoor estimators by an unbounded constant factor.

Despite the major advances taken in causal modeling, causality is still an unfamiliar topic for many statisticians. In this paper, it is demonstrated from the beginning to the end how causal effects can be estimated from observational data assuming that the causal structure is known. To make the problem more challengin…

2014-03-05abs ↗pdf ↗

It is common practice in using regression type models for inferring causal effects, that inferring the correct causal relationship requires extra covariates are included or ``adjusted for''. Without performing this adjustment erroneous causal effects can be inferred. Given this phenomenon it is common practice to inclu…

2019-06-17abs ↗pdf ↗

Identifies causal effects in partially directed acyclic graphs with observed variables.

problem Identifying conditional causal effects in graphs with background knowledge and observed variables.
method Three results: identification formula, do calculus generalization, and algorithm completeness.
result Complete algorithm for identifying conditional effects in MPDAGs.

New approach for estimating individual treatment effects in low compliance settings.

problem Estimating individual treatment effects in scenarios with low compliance.
method Proposes a new approach using Structural Causal Model and do-calculus to estimate Individual Prescription Effect (IPE) with asymptotic variance guarantees.
result Consistently improves state-of-the-art in low compliance settings.

New algorithm identifies causal relationships from graphs, even with selection bias.

problem Identifying causal relationships from graphs with selection bias.
method Developed a measure-theoretic version of Pearl's causal calculus and a sound, complete identification algorithm.
result General measure-theoretic version of causal calculus allows for identification of causal relationships under selection bias.

Obtaining a non-parametric expression for an interventional distribution is one of the most fundamental tasks in causal inference. Such an expression can be obtained for an identifiable causal effect by an algorithm or by manual application of do-calculus. Often we are left with a complicated expression which can lead …

2018-06-19abs ↗pdf ↗

The causal assumptions, the study design and the data are the elements required for scientific inference in empirical research. The research is adequately communicated only if all of these elements and their relations are described precisely. Causal models with design describe the study design and the missing data mech…

2012-11-13abs ↗pdf ↗

A new FFT-based method simplifies causal structure recovery for linear dynamical systems.

problem Efficiently identifying dynamic causal effects from time-series data.
method FFT-based approach to reduce computational complexity to O(Tn3logN)O(Tn^3 \log N).
result Significant computational advantage for graph reconstruction.

Develops geometric causal models for causal inference from dependent data.

problem Causal inference from structured, dependent data (e.g., spatial, network, molecular).
method Geometric causal models (GCMs) exploiting symmetries of data generating process, combining group theory, ergodic theory, and Bayesian inference.
result Establishes identification and estimation of causal effects from dependent data.

AI needs causal inference to avoid being just a correlation machine.

problem AI's inability to distinguish correlation from causation.
method Develops a unified framework connecting various causal statistical estimators and proves a Statistical Necessity Theorem for causal generalization.
result AI systems without causal grounding are brittle and biased, highlighting the need for causal statistics.

Algorithm BGLM-OFU minimizes regret in combinatorial causal bandits with binary models.

problem Minimizing expected regret in combinatorial causal bandits with binary generalized linear models.
method BGLM-OFU algorithm based on maximum likelihood estimation for Markovian BGLMs, and causal inference techniques for linear models with hidden variables.
result Achieves O(TlogT)O(\sqrt{T}\log T) regret for binary generalized linear models.

Causal discovery algorithms can help generate legal arguments.

problem Leveraging causal discovery algorithms in legal decision-making.
method Prepared a legal dataset, annotated with 17 legal concepts, applied causal discovery algorithms, and quantified degrees of belief.
result Some causal relationships help generate viable legal arguments.

Study geometric characterization of asymptotic pseudodifferential calculus on spinor bundles.

problem Geometric characterization of asymptotic pseudodifferential calculus on spinor bundles.
method Groupoid approach to pseudodifferential calculus, rescaled bundle.
result Rescaled bundle provides geometric characterization to asymptotic pseudodifferential calculus on spinor bundles.

We explain that general differential calculus and Lie theory have a common foundation: Lie Calculus is differential calculus, seen from the point of view of Lie theory, by making use of the groupoid concept as link between them. Higher order theory naturally involves higher algebra (n-fold groupoids).(conceptual, topol…

2017-02-27abs ↗pdf ↗

Secondary Calculus formalizes PDEs using cohomology, simplifying their study.

problem Formalizing and simplifying the study of partial differential equations (PDEs).
method Using cohomology of diffieties to formalize PDEs and their properties.
result Differential calculus on PDE solution spaces is homotopy calculus on horizontal De Rham algebras of diffieties.