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0111 · Feb 201119922001200920182026
5 results for bikei

Modified bikei homology enhances knot and surface invariants.

problem Enhancing knot and surface invariants using bikei.
method Using bikei 2-cocycles to modify homology and cohomology.
result Improved counting invariant for knots and surfaces.

Enhanced bikei modules distinguish unoriented and non-orientable surface-links.

problem Distinguishing unoriented and non-orientable surface-links.
method Extending biquandle module invariants to unoriented surface-links using bikei modules.
result Enhanced bikei modules are more effective at distinguishing non-orientable surface-links than bikei homset cardinality alone.

We identify a subcategory of biracks which define counting invariants of unoriented links, which we call involutory biracks. In particular, involutory biracks of birack rank N=1 are biquandles, which we call bikei. We define counting invariants of unoriented classical and virtual links using finite involutory biracks, …

2011-02-07abs ↗pdf ↗

Marked vertex diagrams provide a combinatorial way to represent knotted surfaces in R4\mathbb{R}^4; including virtual crossings allows for a theory of virtual knotted surfaces and virtual cobordisms. Biquandle counting invariants are defined only for marked vertex diagrams representing knotted orientable surfaces; we e…

2014-09-27abs ↗pdf ↗