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arXiv research

A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

168,657 papers · 148 categories

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336699132 · Jun 202019922001200920172026
48 results for advantage

Quantum machine learning offers advantages for broader learning tasks.

problem Demonstrate QML advantage over classical methods for general learning tasks.
method Construct a new family of supervised learning tasks and prove their hardness.
result Prove provable advantage of QML based on general quantum computational advantages.

This paper improves Q-learning bounds using reference-advantage decomposition.

problem Improving Q-learning bounds in MDPs with positive suboptimality gaps.
method Develops a novel error decomposition framework to prove gap-dependent regret bounds.
result Establishes logarithmic gap-dependent regret bounds for Q-learning.

DG improves policy gradients by weighting actions with a sigmoid of advantage and surprisal.

problem Pathologies in standard policy gradients, leading to poor updates and over-allocation of gradient budget.
method Introduces Delightful Policy Gradient (DG) that gates each term with a sigmoid of advantage and surprisal.
result DG provably improves directional accuracy in a single context and shifts the expected gradient closer to the oracle across multiple contexts.

Quantum effects are known to provide an advantage in particle transfer across networks. In order to achieve this advantage, requirements on both a graph type and a quantum system coherence must be found. Here we show that the process of finding these requirements can be automated by learning from simulated examples. Th…

2020-01-15abs ↗pdf ↗

Study compares adaptive vs fixed query learning methods.

problem Comparing adaptive and fixed query learning methods for task approximation.
method Examined in-context and agentic learning in two settings: unrestricted and realizable.
result Adaptivity does not hinder performance in unrestricted setting but can in realizable setting.

Gradient descent benefits from tangent kernel advantages under specific conditions.

problem Comparing gradient descent with tangent kernel methods in learning.
method Analysis of gradient descent and tangent kernel methods under different conditions.
result Gradient descent can achieve small error only if tangent kernel methods have a non-trivial advantage, but this advantage can be very small.

We develop Riemannian Stein Variational Gradient Descent (RSVGD), a Bayesian inference method that generalizes Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD) to Riemann manifold. The benefits are two-folds: (i) for inference tasks in Euclidean spaces, RSVGD has the advantage over SVGD of utilizing information geometry, and …

2017-11-30abs ↗pdf ↗

This paper discusses a counterpart of conformal prediction for e-values, conformal e-prediction. Conformal e-prediction is conceptually simpler and had been developed in the 1990s as a precursor of conformal prediction. When conformal prediction emerged as result of replacing e-values by p-values, it seemed to have imp…

2020-01-16abs ↗pdf ↗

Two new criteria help understand the advantage of deep neural networks.

problem Understanding the advantage of deepening neural networks.
method Proposed two new criteria to evaluate the expressivity of functions computable by deep neural networks.
result Increasing layers is more effective than increasing units in improving the expressivity of deep neural networks.

Latent-state environments with long horizons, such as those faced by recommender systems, pose significant challenges for reinforcement learning (RL). In this work, we identify and analyze several key hurdles for RL in such environments, including belief state error and small action advantage. We develop a general prin…

2019-05-29abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper tackles scalarization issues in A2C RL algorithms, proposing methods to avoid gradient overlap and noise.

problem Scalarization issues in A2C RL algorithms leading to gradient overlap and uncontrolled noise.
method Proposes techniques to avoid gradient overlap and noise in A2C RL algorithms.
result Pilot experiments show the proposed method speeds up training in A2C RL algorithms.

DG separates successes and failures by gating updates with advantage and surprisal.

problem Negative learning from surprising data in distributed reinforcement learning.
method DG gates each update with the product of advantage and surprisal, suppressing failures and preserving successes.
result DG outperforms other methods in various challenging reinforcement learning tasks.

Quantum Boltzmann Machines trained on quantum annealers produce noisy synthetic data.

problem Training quantum Boltzmann machines on quantum annealers for financial data generation.
method Used D-Wave Advantage 4.1 quantum annealer to train QBMs and compare with classical RBMs.
result Quantum Boltzmann Machines trained on quantum annealers are noisier and less effective than classical RBMs.

This study improves quantum classifiers by optimizing data preprocessing.

problem Quantum Machine Learning advantages are not yet clearly demonstrated.
method Used Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) for data preprocessing.
result Variational Quantum Algorithm (VQA) outperforms classical classifiers.

Quantum circuits reveal pathways to dequantization in machine learning models.

problem Navigating the complex landscape of quantum machine learning models and algorithms.
method Introducing a framework connecting quantum circuit structure to function representability.
result Fundamental properties of quantum circuits determine classical simulability of models.

VQAs use classical optimization to train quantum circuits, promising quantum advantage.

problem High computational cost of quantum simulations and solving large-scale problems.
method Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) use classical optimizers to train parametrized quantum circuits.
result VQAs are a promising strategy for obtaining quantum advantage.

Convolutional networks outperform fully-connected ones in certain tasks.

problem Understanding the computational advantage of convolutional networks over fully-connected networks.
method Demonstrated a computational advantage through a specific problem class.
result Convolutional networks can solve certain problems that fully-connected networks cannot, even with gradient descent.

Sparse activations in neural networks are hard to exploit but lead to advantages in learning.

problem Sparse activations in neural networks are hard to exploit but lead to advantages in learning.
method Formal study of PAC learnability of MLP layers with activation sparsity.
result Classes of functions with activation sparsity lead to provable computational and statistical advantages over their non-sparse counterparts.

Bayesian estimators for causal inference using hierarchical Gaussian Processes.

problem Estimating causal effects in sharp and fuzzy RD/RK designs.
method Hierarchical Gaussian Process models for regression and classification.
result Hierarchical GP models improve precision and coverage of RD/RK estimations.

Paper proposes FedQ-Advantage for federated Q-learning with near-optimal regret and low communication cost.

problem Near-optimal federated Q-learning with low communication cost.
method Reference-advantage decomposition for variance reduction, synchronization between agents and server, policy update.
result Achieves almost optimal regret and near-linear regret speedup compared to single-agent learning.

Paper introduces DTAE to optimize RL algorithms, balancing exploration and exploitation.

problem Balancing exploration and exploitation in reinforcement learning.
method Soft policy optimization with entropy and dual-track advantage estimator (DTAE).
result DTAE accelerates RL algorithm convergence and improves performance.

DRL agents perform poorly at high decision frequencies, but a new algorithm improves performance.

problem DRL agents struggle at high decision frequencies, leading to poor performance.
method Proved that DRL agents' action-conditioned return distributions collapse to their policy's return distribution as decision frequency increases. Defined superiority as a probabilistic generalization of advantage for high-frequency value-based RL.
result Proper modeling of superiority distribution improves performance of controllers at high decision frequencies.

Modified BFGS and LBFGS++ libraries boost performance for non-parallelizable functions.

problem Improving performance of non-parallelizable functions using SIMD and AAD.
method Modifications to BFGS and LBFGS++ libraries, utilizing SIMD and Automatic Differentiation (AAD).
result Up to 3.8 times faster for European Swaption curve calibration and 1.4 times faster for LMM model calibration.

Quantum networks offer exponential communication savings for large machine learning models.

problem Training and inference of large models require efficient communication.
method Quantum encoding and gradient descent for distributed computation.
result Exponential reduction in communication for gradient descent on quantum networks.

Hybrid quantum-classical RL model solves standard benchmark tasks and proves quantum advantage.

problem Challenges in reinforcement learning, especially in solving standard benchmarking tasks.
method Parametrized quantum circuits in a hybrid quantum-classical RL model.
result Demonstrates quantum advantage in solving standard benchmarking tasks and intractable classical problems.

Distributed securities exchanges may become de facto fragmented if they span geographical regions with asymmetric computer infrastructure. First, we build an economic model of a decentralized exchange with two miner clusters, standing in for compact areas of economic activity (e.g., cities). "Local" miners in the area …

2019-10-24abs ↗pdf ↗

In traditional reinforcement learning, an agent maximizes the reward collected during its interaction with the environment by approximating the optimal policy through the estimation of value functions. Typically, given a state s and action a, the corresponding value is the expected discounted sum of rewards. The optima…

2018-06-10abs ↗pdf ↗

In the past decade, the field of quantum machine learning has drawn significant attention due to the prospect of bringing genuine computational advantages to now widespread algorithmic methods. However, not all domains of machine learning have benefited equally from quantum enhancements. Notably, deep learning and rein…

2019-10-28abs ↗pdf ↗

Entrocraft addresses RL performance saturation in LLMs by customizing entropy curves.

problem Performance saturation in RL algorithms for LLMs.
method Entrocraft uses rejection sampling to bias advantage distributions for customized entropy schedules.
result Entrocraft significantly improves generalization, output diversity, and long-term training in 4B models.

The estimation of advantage is crucial for a number of reinforcement learning algorithms, as it directly influences the choices of future paths. In this work, we propose a family of estimates based on the order statistics over the path ensemble, which allows one to flexibly drive the learning process, towards or agains…

2019-09-15abs ↗pdf ↗

Normalizing flows are deep generative models that allow efficient likelihood calculation and sampling. The core requirement for this advantage is that they are constructed using functions that can be efficiently inverted and for which the determinant of the function's Jacobian can be efficiently computed. Researchers h…

2020-02-27abs ↗pdf ↗

Investors suffer welfare loss despite having better information.

problem Welfare loss among investors with absolute information advantages.
method Examined financial markets with heterogenous investors and objective measures of welfare.
result Investors incur welfare loss even with better information, revealing a double loss phenomenon.

Quantum correlations enhance generative models, providing a new resource for machine learning.

problem Capturing complex probability distributions in unsupervised learning.
method Theoretical and numerical analysis of quantum correlations in generative models.
result Quantum nonlocality and contextuality provide an expressivity advantage over classical models.

RQMC improves kernel-based learning by reducing deterministic error and offering computational advantages.

problem Improving kernel-based learning methods to reduce deterministic error and computational complexity.
method Randomized quasi-Monte Carlo (RQMC) methods applied to random feature approximations.
result RQMC methods improve deterministic approximation error bound from OP(1/M)O_P(1/\sqrt{M}) to O(1/M)O(1/M), matching QMC methods.