Invalidation of a key lemma leaves the Powell Conjecture unresolved.
problem Invalidation of Lemma 2.5 in the Powell Conjecture proof.
method Analysis of Lemma 2.5's validity in the context of the Powell Conjecture.
result Lemma 2.5 is invalid, leaving the Powell Conjecture unresolved.
Confirming the Powell Conjecture for genus-3 Heegaard splittings of the 3-sphere.
problem Proving the finitely generated nature of the Goeritz group for genus-3 Heegaard splittings of the 3-sphere.
method Establishing the connectivity of reducing sphere complexes for the genus-3 case.
result Confirmation of the Powell Conjecture for genus-3 Heegaard splittings of the 3-sphere.
For all genus g, Powell's elements generate Goeritz groups trivially.
problem Tackles the stability of Powell's Conjecture on Goeritz groups of S^3.
method Shows that the natural function is trivial for each genus g.
result For each genus g, the natural function from G_g to G_{g+1}/P_{g+1} is trivial.
In 1980 J. Powell proposed that five specific elements sufficed to generate the Goeritz group of any Heegaard splitting of S3, extending work of Goeritz on genus 2 splittings. Here we prove that Powell's conjecture was correct for splittings of genus 3 as well, and discuss a framework for deciding the truth of t…
The Powell Conjecture offers a finite generating set for the genus g Goeritz group, the group of automorphisms of S3 that preserve a genus g Heegaard surface Σg, generalizing a classical result of Goeritz in the case g=2. We study the relationship between the Powell Conjecture and the reducing sphere comple…
In 1980 J. Powell proposed that five specific elements sufficed to generate the Goeritz group of any Heegaard splitting of S3. This conjecture remains unresolved for genus g≥4. Here a short argument shows that one of his proposed generators is redundant, in fact a consequence of three of the other four.
Authors prove a conjecture about the Goeritz group of 3-sphere Heegaard splittings.
problem The Goeritz group of a genus g Heegaard splitting of the 3-sphere.
method Proof relies on the topological minimality of Heegaard surfaces and their disk complexes.
result The Goeritz group is generated by four specific elements for g ≥ 3.
New findings show infinitely many knots cannot be smoothly round handle slices.
problem Understanding the smoothability of knots in 4-dimensional space.
method Analyzing the properties of knots under surgery conjectures and cobordism conjectures.
result Infinitely many knots fail to be smoothly round handle slices.
New generators prove sufficiency for Goeritz group of 3-sphere.
problem Proving sufficiency of specific generators for Goeritz group.
method Expanding Powell's proposed generators to include all eyeglass twists and topological conjugates.
result Natural expansion of Powell's generators suffices to generate Goeritz group.
Alexander polynomial condition blocks crossing changes in some knots.
problem Cosmetic crossing changes in knot diagrams.
method Alexander polynomial obstruction for L-space knots. result Proved the conjecture for a five-parameter family of pretzel knots.
In this paper, we prove a conjecture of Friedl and Powell that their Casson-Gordon type invariant of 2-component link with linking number one is actually an obstruction to being height 3.5 Whitney tower/grope concordant to the Hopf Link. The proof employs the notion of solvable cobordism of 3-manifolds with boundary, w…
The paper confirms a conjecture about knots in aspherical 3-manifolds.
problem The study of topological concordance of knots in aspherical 3-manifolds.
method The method involves extending Milnor's link invariants to non-simply-connected 3-manifolds and employs computations.
result The paper confirms the conjecture for a large family of open cases, maximizing the number of almost-concordance classes.
The paper proves properties of branched covers of specific knots and tori.
problem Investigating the smoothness and diffeomorphism of specific 4-manifolds.
method Analyzing double branched covers of twist-roll spun knots and turned twisted tori, applying techniques to show diffeomorphism.
result Proves that certain 4-manifolds are diffeomorphic to standard manifolds.
We give a new proof of the theorem of Birman-Powell that the Torelli subgroup of the mapping class group of a closed orientable surface of genus at least 3 is generated by simple homeomorphisms known as bounding pair maps. The key ingredient is a proof that the subcomplex of the curve complex of the surface spanned by …
A specific set of 4g+1 elements is shown to generate the Goeritz group of the genus g+1 Heegaard splitting of a genus g handlebody. These generators are consistent with Powell's proposed generating set for the Goeritz group of the genus g+1 splitting of S^3. There are two proofs: one using purely classical techniques a…
It is a classical result of Powell that pure mapping class groups of connected, orientable surfaces of finite type and genus at least three are perfect. In stark contrast, we construct nontrivial homomorphisms from infinite-genus mapping class groups to the integers. Moreover, we compute the first integral cohomology g…
Studies modules over a category of Jacobi diagrams in handlebodies.
problem Understanding modules over a specific category of Jacobi diagrams.
method Generalizes adjunctions and studies subquotient modules.
result Generalizes adjunctions between modules and Casimir Lie algebra modules.
Study on polynomiality and outer nature of functors from Jacobi diagrams to group homomorphisms.
problem Understanding polynomiality and outer nature of functors from Jacobi diagrams to group homomorphisms.
method Analyzing polynomiality and outer nature of functors from Jacobi diagrams to group homomorphisms.
result Results generalize previous work by Katada and study polynomiality and outer nature of these functors.
New method shows how to move one Heegaard surface positioning to another.
problem Moving Heegaard surfaces in a specific way.
method Isotopies, pushing stabilizing pairs through, eyegelass twists.
result Shows how to move one Heegaard surface positioning to another.
For any surface Σ of infinite topological type, we study the Torelli subgroup I(Σ) of the mapping class group MCG(Σ), whose elements are those mapping classes that act trivially on the homology of Σ. Our first result asserts that I(Σ) is topologically generated by the subgroup of $…
Study knot Floer homology to create concordance invariants and slice genus bounds.
problem Developing concordance invariants using knot Floer homology.
method Using knot Floer homology, define and analyze equivariant concordance invariants.
result Showed a family of strongly invertible slice knots with arbitrarily large equivariant slice genus.
The splitting number of a link is the minimal number of crossing changes between different components required to convert it into a split link. We obtain a lower bound on the splitting number in terms of the (multivariable) signature and nullity. Although very elementary and easy to compute, this bound turns out to be …
Defines a new homomorphism for strongly invertible knots, proving equivariant algebraic concordance.
problem Equivariant algebraic concordance of strongly invertible knots.
method Defining a homomorphism Φ from equivariant concordance group to a new equivariant algebraic concordance group, proving it lifts known homomorphisms and provides new obstructions. result Obtains a new obstruction to equivariant sliceness and novel lower bounds on equivariant slice genus.
New method shows nonorientable surfaces in 4D are topologically unknotted.
problem Tackles isotopy classes of nonorientable surfaces in D4. method Calculations implemented in Sage to show ambient isotopy.
result Closed, nonorientable surfaces in S4 are topologically unknotted. New examples of knots with infinitely many inequivalent slice disks.
problem Existence of knots with infinitely many pairwise nonisotopic slice disks.
method Classification of fibered, homotopy-ribbon disks and use of satellite operations.
result Examples of fibered, hyperbolic knots bounding infinitely many fibered, ribbon disks that are pairwise nonisotopic modulo local knotting.
The paper classifies 4-manifolds with given boundaries.
problem Extending homotopy equivalences of boundaries to 4-manifolds.
method Surgery theory and classification of groups.
result Conditions for extending homotopy equivalences to homeomorphisms.
We establish a number of results about smooth and topological concordance of knots in S1×S2. The winding number of a knot in S1×S2 is defined to be its class in H1(S1×S2;Z)≅Z. We show that there is a unique smooth concordance class of knots with winding number one. …
Gradient-free optimizers are ineffective on barren plateaus in quantum computing.
problem Effect of barren plateaus on gradient-free optimization in quantum computing.
method Numerical simulations and theoretical analysis of gradient-free optimization algorithms.
result Gradient-free optimizers are not effective in barren plateau landscapes due to exponentially suppressed cost function differences.
In the 1950's Milnor defined a family of higher order invariants generalizing the linking number. Even the first of these new invariants, the triple linking number, has received and fruitful study since its inception. In the case that L has vanishing pairwise linking numbers, this triple linking number gives an integ…
We introduce machinery to allow ``cut-and-paste''-style inductive arguments in the Torelli subgroup of the mapping class group. In the past these arguments have been problematic because restricting the Torelli group to subsurfaces gives different groups depending on how the subsurfaces are embedded. We define a categor…
Optimizes one-class classification methods for better performance.
problem Improving one-class classification accuracy through hyperparameter optimization.
method Hyperparameter optimization for five one-class classification methods (SVM, NND, LNND, LOF, ALP) using various datasets.
result ALP and SVM perform best after hyperparameter optimization, with ALP being more efficient.
Polyhedra volume conjecture supports Stoker conjecture weakly.
problem Proving the Stoker conjecture for polyhedra.
method Using an extension of Montcouquiol and Weiss' result on polyhedra angles as local coordinates.
result Volume Conjecture for polyhedra implies a weak version of the Stoker conjecture.
Survey on two non-Kähler geometry conjectures.
problem Constant holomorphic sectional curvature and Fino-Vezzoni conjectures in non-Kähler geometry.
method Survey and discussion of historical and recent developments.
result Discussion of conjectures without new results.
Numerical study confirms Brennan's conjecture for a counterexample to Thurston's K=2 conjecture.
problem Thurston's K=2 conjecture and Brennan's conjecture in planar domains. method Numerical analysis of a specific counterexample to Thurston's conjecture.
result The counterexample does not contradict Brennan's conjecture.
The non-vanishing conjecture implies the abundance conjecture in certain cases.
problem Abundance conjecture in algebraic geometry.
method Proof of the abundance conjecture under specific conditions.
result The abundance conjecture holds in dimensions ≤ 5 when κ ≥ 0 and ν ≤ 1.
Proves Gromov's conjecture and answers Stoker's polyhedron conjecture.
problem Gromov's flat corner domination conjecture and Stoker's conjecture for convex polyhedra.
method Same techniques applied to prove conjectures.
result Proves Gromov's conjecture and answers Stoker's polyhedron conjecture.
This paper gives an algebraic conjecture which is shown to be equivalent to Thurston's Geometrization Conjecture for closed, orientable 3-manifolds. It generalizes the Stallings-Jaco theorem which established a similar result for the Poincare Conjecture. The paper also gives two other algebraic conjectures; one is equi…
Symmetry-breaking in three differential geometry conjectures.
problem Exploring the role of symmetry in three differential geometry conjectures.
method Examining the Carathéodory, Willmore, and Lawson Conjectures through the lens of symmetry in 3D space-forms.
result Symmetry is broken, and more general ambient metrics are considered, leading to the failure of the conjectures.
We introduce a new variant of the coarse Baum-Connes conjecture designed to tackle coarsely disconnected metric spaces called the boundary coarse Baum-Connes conjecture. We prove this conjecture for many coarsely disconnected spaces that are known to be counterexamples to the coarse Baum-Connes conjecture. In particula…
Study proves Hecke lifting conjecture for torus knots and verifies it for any framed knots.
problem Integrality structure of framed knots' quantum invariants.
method Explicit formulas of colored HOMFLY-PT invariants of torus knots, verified in a limit form for any framed knots.
result Proves Hecke lifting conjecture for torus knots and verifies it for any framed knots.
New proof shows most thin knots satisfy Cabling Conjecture.
problem Cabling Conjecture for thin knots using Heegaard Floer homology.
method Heegaard Floer homology and immersed curves techniques.
result Almost all thin knots satisfy the Cabling Conjecture.
We review the Burghelea conjecture, which constitutes a full computation of the periodic cyclic homology of complex group rings, and its relation to the algebraic Baum-Connes conjecture. The Burghelea conjecture implies the Bass conjecture. We state two conjectures about groups of finite asymptotic dimension, which tog…
Metric SYZ conjecture proved using non-archimedean geometry.
problem Proving the metric SYZ conjecture in large generality.
method Using non-archimedean geometry to support the conjecture.
result Metric SYZ conjecture can be proved in large generality.
Paper confirms Chen's biharmonic conjecture for hypersurfaces in 5D.
problem Chen's conjecture on biharmonic submanifolds in Euclidean spaces.
method Analyzes hypersurfaces in \(\mathbb{R}^5\) for \(n=4\).
result Chen's conjecture is confirmed for hypersurfaces in \(\mathbb{R}^5\) when \(n=4\).
Counterexample disproves recent Penrose conjecture variant.
problem A variant of the Penrose conjecture.
method Provided a counterexample.
result The conjectured variant of the Penrose inequality is false.
In this article, we give proofs on the Arnold Lagrangian intersection conjecture on the cotangent bundles, Arnold-Givental Lagrangian intersection conjecture and the Arnold fixed point conjecture.
Proof outlined for 4D smooth Poincaré conjecture.
problem 4-dimensional smooth Poincaré conjecture.
method Outline of proof.
result Proof of 4D smooth Poincaré conjecture.
In order to give a unified generalization of the BW inequality and the DDVV inequality, Lu and Wenzel proposed three Conjectures 1, 2, 3 and an open Question 1 in 2016. In this paper we discuss further these conjectures and put forward several new conjectures which will be shown equivalent to Conjecture 2. In particula…