arXiv research

New solutions found with negative mass in general relativity.

New mass definition for negative cosmological constant spacetimes.

New black hole solutions with positive and negative masses in 4 and 5 dimensions.

In the asymptotically locally hyperbolic setting it is possible to have metrics with scalar curvature at least -6 and negative mass when the genus of the conformal boundary at infinity is positive. Using inverse mean curvature flow, we prove a Penrose inequality for these negative mass metrics. The motivation comes fro…

Upper bounds on Bartnik mass for non-negatively curved spheres.

We extend our previous definition of quasi-local mass to 2-spheres whose Gauss curvature is negative and prove its positivity.

New bounds on Bartnik mass for surfaces with non-negative first eigenvalue.

We define an ADM-like mass, called p-mass, for an asymptotically flat pseudohermitian manifold. The p-mass for the blow-up of a compact pseudohermitian manifold (with no boundary) is identified with the first nontrivial coefficient in the expansion of the Green function for the CR Laplacian. We deduce an integral formu…

The positive mass theorem states that the total mass of a complete asymptotically flat manifold with non-negative scalar curvature is non-negative; moreover, the total mass equals zero if and only if the manifold is isometric to the Euclidean space. Huang and Lee [2015] proved the stability of the Positive Mass Theorem…

First we review the definition of a negative point mass singularity. Then we examine the gravitational lensing effects of these singularities in isolation and with shear and convergence from continuous matter. We review the Inverse Mean Curvature Flow and use this flow to prove some new results about the mass of a sing…

The Positive Mass Theorem implies that any smooth, complete, asymptotically flat 3-manifold with non-negative scalar curvature which has zero total mass is isometric to (R^3, delta_{ij}). In this paper, we quantify this statement using spinors and prove that if a complete, asymptotically flat manifold with non-negative…

The Bartnik mass is a quasi-local mass tailored to asymptotically flat Riemannian manifolds with non-negative scalar curvature. From the perspective of general relativity, these model time-symmetric domains obeying the dominant energy condition without a cosmological constant. There is a natural analogue of the Bartnik…

Continuous metrics on R^3 with specific properties have non-negative harmonic mass.

For a closed surface M with metric g, the Robin mass m(p) at the point p is the value of the Green function G(p,q) at p=q after the logarithmic singularity has been removed. The Laplacian-mass is the average value of the Robin mass, minus the value of the Robin mass for the round sphere of the same area. The Laplacian-…

Proves mass theorem for manifolds with arbitrary ends.

Physicists believe, with some justification, that there should be a correspondence between familiar properties of Newtonian gravity and properties of solutions of the Einstein equations. The Positive Mass Theorem (PMT), first proved over twenty years ago \cite{SchoenYau79b,Witten81}, is a remarkable testament to this f…

We show that the positive mass theorem holds for continuous Riemannian metrics that lie in the Sobolev space $W^{2, n/2}_{loc}$ for manifolds of dimension less than or equal to $7$ or spin-manifolds of any dimension. More generally, we give a (negative) lower bound on the ADM mass of metrics for which the scalar curvat…

We define the "sum of squares of the wavelengths" of a Riemannian surface (M,g) to be the regularized trace of the inverse of the Laplacian. We normalize by scaling and adding a constant, to obtain a "mass", which is scale invariant and vanishes at the round sphere. This is an anlaog for closed surfaces of the ADM mass…

Prove Gromov's Euclidean endpoint $C^0$ rigidity conjecture for positive mass theorem.

Paper proves rigidity of 3-manifolds with boundary using modified Hawking mass.

Positive mass theorem for asymptotically flat manifolds with non-negative distributional scalar curvature

Formula derived for ALH manifolds, showing existence of specific 3D manifolds.

The Schwarzschild spacetime metric of negative mass is well-known to contain a naked singularity. In a spacelike slice, this singularity of the metric is characterized by the property that nearby surfaces have arbitrarily small area. We develop a theory of such "zero area singularities" in Riemannian manifolds, general…

We formulate and prove the Lorentzian version of the positive mass theorems with arbitrary negative cosmological constant for asymptotically AdS spacetimes. This work is the continuation of the second author's recent work on the positive mass theorem on asymptotically hyperbolic 3-manifolds.

We prove two theorems, announced in hep-th/0108170, for static spacetimes that solve Einstein's equation with negative cosmological constant. The first is a general structure theorem for spacetimes obeying a certain convexity condition near infinity, analogous to the structure theorems of Cheeger and Gromoll for manifo…

Given a constant mean curvature surface that bounds a compact manifold with nonnegative scalar curvature, we obtain intrinsic conditions on the surface that guarantee the positivity of its Hawking mass. We also obtain estimates of the Bartnik mass of such surfaces, without assumptions on the integral of the squared mea…

We define a generalized mass for asymptotically flat manifolds using some higher order symmetric function of the curvature tensor. This mass is non-negative when the manifold is locally conformally flat and the $σ_k$ curvature vanishes at infinity. In addition, with the above assumptions, if the mass is zero, then, nea…

We prove the positive mass theorem for manifolds with distributional curvature which have been studied in \cite{Lee2015} without spin condition. In our case, the manifold $M$ has asymptotically flat metric $g\in C^0\bigcap W^{1,p}_{-q}$, $p>n$, $q>\frac{n-2}{2}$. We show that the generalized ADM mass $m_{ADM}(M,g)$ is …

For asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds of dimension $n$ with scalar curvature at least equal to $-n(n-1)$ the conjectured positive mass theorem states that the mass is non-negative, and vanishes only if the manifold is isometric to hyperbolic space. In this paper we study asymptotically hyperbolic manifolds which are …

Alternative proof for static black hole uniqueness with nonpositive mass.

Let $(M,g)$ be a closed Riemannian manifold of dimension $n \geq 3$ and let $f\in C^{\infty}(M)$, such that the operator $P_f:= Δ_g+f$ is positive. If $g$ is flat near some point $p$ and $f$ vanishes around $p$, we can define the mass of $P_f$ as the constant term in the expansion of the Green function of $P_f$ at $p$.…

Proves positive mass theorem for AF spin manifolds with conical singularities.

New proofs of unique photon surfaces in 4D spacetimes, extending previous work.

In this paper we propose and discuss a notion of mass for compact static metrics with positive cosmological constant. As a consequence, we characterise the de Sitter solution as the only static vacuum metric with zero mass. Finally, we show how to adapt our analysis to the case of negative cosmological constant, leadin…

The paper proves a quantitative positive mass theorem for spin manifolds with distance estimates.

Paper bounds total geodesic curvature using boundary data in hyperbolic gravity.

Small mass implies a bilipschitz diffeomorphism to flat space

Study on area-constrained Willmore spheres in asymptotic Schwarzschild manifolds.

Let $(M, g)$ be an asymptotically flat Riemannian $3$-manifold with non-negative scalar curvature and positive mass. We show that each leaf of the canonical foliation through stable constant mean curvature surfaces of the end of $(M, g)$ is uniquely isoperimetric for the volume it encloses.

Proves Gromov's conjecture on total mean curvature using surgery and positive mass theorems.

As an interesting application of the Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory and our work on the Gauss-Bonnet-Chern mass (Ge, Wang, Wu), we obtain a positive mass theorem for asymptotically flat graphs in $\R^{n+1}$ under a condition that $R+αL_2$ is non-negative, where $R$ is the scalar curvature, $α\in\R$ a constant and $L_2$ t…

We describe explicitly the large volume isoperimetric regions of a natural class of asymptotically flat manifolds, in any dimension. These isoperimetric regions detect the mass and the center of mass of such manifolds when viewed as initial data sets for the Einstein equations in general relativity. Using the positivit…

The paper proves a discrete positive mass theorem for graphs.

We extend Sobolev transport to unbalanced measures on graphs.

Given a Riemannian 3-ball $(\bar B, g)$ of non-negative scalar curvature, Bartnik conjectured that $(\bar B, g)$ admits an asymptotically flat (AF) extension (without horizons) of the least possible ADM mass, and that such a mass-minimizer is an AF solution to the static vacuum Einstein equations, uniquely determined b…

Study proves positivity of quasi-local masses in general relativity using spinors.

The paper proves density and positive mass theorems for incomplete manifolds.

Computer-aided breast cancer diagnosis in mammography is limited by inadequate data and the similarity between benign and cancerous masses. To address this, we propose a signed graph regularized deep neural network with adversarial augmentation, named \textsc{DiagNet}. Firstly, we use adversarial learning to generate p…