arXiv research

We propose minimum regret search (MRS), a novel acquisition function for Bayesian optimization. MRS bears similarities with information-theoretic approaches such as entropy search (ES). However, while ES aims in each query at maximizing the information gain with respect to the global maximum, MRS aims at minimizing the…

New method identifies valid IVs for bi-directional MR with invalid instruments.

Noninvasive MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) treatments are promising alternatives to the surgical removal of malignant tumors. A significant challenge is assessing the viability of treated tissue during and immediately after MRgFUS procedures. Current clinical assessment uses the nonperfused volume (NPV) biomarke…

Accelerating Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) by taking fewer measurements has the potential to reduce medical costs, minimize stress to patients and make MRI possible in applications where it is currently prohibitively slow or expensive. We introduce the fastMRI dataset, a large-scale collection of both raw MR measure…

Accurate MR-to-CT synthesis is a requirement for MR-only workflows in radiotherapy (RT) treatment planning. In recent years, deep learning-based approaches have shown impressive results in this field. However, to prevent downstream errors in RT treatment planning, it is important that deep learning models are only appl…

New estimator reduces variance in off-policy evaluation for contextual bandits.

Thanks to the recent success of generative adversarial network (GAN) for image synthesis, there are many exciting GAN approaches that successfully synthesize MR image contrast from other images with different contrasts. These approaches are potentially important for image imputation problems, where complete set of data…

Every year thousands of patients are diagnosed with a glioma, a type of malignant brain tumor. Physicians use MR images as a key tool in the diagnosis and treatment of these patients. Neural networks show great potential to aid physicians in the medical image analysis. This study investigates the use of varying amounts…

High resolution magnetic resonance (MR) images are desired for accurate diagnostics. In practice, image resolution is restricted by factors like hardware, cost and processing constraints. Recently, deep learning methods have been shown to produce compelling state of the art results for image super-resolution. Paying pa…

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a functional imaging modality widely used in neuroscience studies. To obtain meaningful quantitative results from PET images, attenuation correction is necessary during image reconstruction. For PET/MR hybrid systems, PET attenuation is challenging as Magnetic Resonance (MR) images…

Proposes MR estimator for unbiased recommendation models.

MR estimator simplifies causal inference by combining models without hyperparameter tuning.

Study compares data-driven vs model-based MRS quantification strategies, focusing on resilience to out-of-distribution effects.

This study's objective was to segment spinal metastases in diagnostic MR images using a deep learning-based approach. Segmentation of such lesions can present a pivotal step towards enhanced therapy planning and validation, as well as intervention support during minimally invasive and image-guided surgeries like radiof…

This paper proposes a multi-channel image reconstruction method, named DeepcomplexMRI, to accelerate parallel MR imaging with residual complex convolutional neural network. Different from most existing works which rely on the utilization of the coil sensitivities or prior information of predefined transforms, Deepcompl…

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is known to be a slow imaging modality and undersampling in k-space has been used to increase the imaging speed. However, image reconstruction from undersampled k-space data is an ill-posed inverse problem. Iterative algorithms based on compressed sensing have been used to address the i…

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging offers a wide variety of imaging techniques. A large amount of data is created per examination which needs to be checked for sufficient quality in order to derive a meaningful diagnosis. This is a manual process and therefore time- and cost-intensive. Any imaging artifacts originating fr…

This work uses Sylvester normalizing flows for more accurate metabolite quantification in MRS.

We present a novel approach to automatically segment magnetic resonance (MR) images of the human brain into anatomical regions. Our methodology is based on a deep artificial neural network that assigns each voxel in an MR image of the brain to its corresponding anatomical region. The inputs of the network capture infor…

In this survey, we provide a detailed review of recent advances in the recovery of continuous domain multidimensional signals from their few non-uniform (multichannel) measurements using structured low-rank matrix completion formulation. This framework is centered on the fundamental duality between the compactness (e.g…

New method corrects motion artifacts in MR images without paired data.

New unsupervised deep learning method improves temporal resolution in tMRA.

Telecommunication (Telco) outdoor position recovery aims to localize outdoor mobile devices by leveraging measurement report (MR) data. Unfortunately, Telco position recovery requires sufficient amount of MR samples across different areas and suffers from high data collection cost. For an area with scarce MR samples, i…

Proposes MR-SNE for multimodal data visualization.

Decreasing magnetic resonance (MR) image acquisition times can potentially reduce procedural cost and make MR examinations more accessible. Compressed sensing (CS)-based image reconstruction methods, for example, decrease MR acquisition time by reconstructing high-quality images from data that were originally sampled a…

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown promising results on several segmentation tasks in magnetic resonance (MR) images. However, the accuracy of CNNs may degrade severely when segmenting images acquired with different scanners and/or protocols as compared to the training data, thus limiting their practical u…

In computer vision, image datasets used for classification are naturally associated with multiple labels and comprised of multiple views, because each image may contain several objects (e.g. pedestrian, bicycle and tree) and is properly characterized by multiple visual features (e.g. color, texture and shape). Currentl…

Multi-echo magnetic resonance (MR) images are acquired by changing the echo times (for T2 weighted) or relaxation times (for T1 weighted) of scans. The resulting (multi-echo) images are usually used for quantitative MR imaging. Acquiring MR images is a slow process and acquiring multi scans of the same cross section fo…

Unified control theory and machine learning for safety in uncertain systems.

Accelerated magnetic resonance (MR) scan acquisition with compressed sensing (CS) and parallel imaging is a powerful method to reduce MR imaging scan time. However, many reconstruction algorithms have high computational costs. To address this, we investigate deep residual learning networks to remove aliasing artifacts …

In order to obtain a reasonable and reliable forecast method for crude oil price volatility, this paper evaluates the forecast performance of single-regime GARCH models (including the standard linear GARCH model and the nonlinear GJR-GARCH and EGARCH models) and the two-regime Markov Regime Switching GARCH (MRS-GARCH) …

Predicting interactions between structured entities lies at the core of numerous tasks such as drug regimen and new material design. In recent years, graph neural networks have become attractive. They represent structured entities as graphs and then extract features from each individual graph using graph convolution op…

The automatic segmentation of human knee cartilage from 3D MR images is a useful yet challenging task due to the thin sheet structure of the cartilage with diffuse boundaries and inhomogeneous intensities. In this paper, we present an iterative multi-class learning method to segment the femoral, tibial and patellar car…

Creating large scale high-quality annotations is a known challenge in medical imaging. In this work, based on the CycleGAN algorithm, we propose leveraging annotations from one modality to be useful in other modalities. More specifically, the proposed algorithm creates highly realistic synthetic CT images (SynCT) from …

Jointly correct bias fields and reconstruct undersampled MRI images.

This study assesses the reproducibility of 1H-MRS scans across different vendors and sessions.

We explore an ensembled $Σ$-net for fast parallel MR imaging, including parallel coil networks, which perform implicit coil weighting, and sensitivity networks, involving explicit sensitivity maps. The networks in $Σ$-net are trained in a supervised way, including content and GAN losses, and with various ways of data c…

Single training run learns optimal VAE parameters for various β values.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been proposed as a complimentary method to measure bone quality and assess fracture risk. However, manual segmentation of MR images of bone is time-consuming, limiting the use of MRI measurements in the clinical practice. The purpose of this paper is to present an automatic proximal…

Simultaneously recorded electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can be used to non-invasively measure the spatiotemporal dynamics of the human brain. One challenge is dealing with the artifacts that each modality introduces into the other when the two are recorded concurrently, for…

DFMR improves robustness of learning finite mixture models in distributed settings.

We obtain two types of results on positive scalar curvature metrics for compact spin manifolds that are even dimensional. The first type of result are obstructions to the existence of positive scalar curvature metrics on such manifolds, expressed in terms of end-periodic eta invariants that were defined by Mrowka-Ruber…

Compressive sensing is an impressive approach for fast MRI. It aims at reconstructing MR image using only a few under-sampled data in k-space, enhancing the efficiency of the data acquisition. In this study, we propose to learn priors based on undecimated wavelet transform and an iterative image reconstruction algorith…

In this work, we utilize T1-weighted MR images and StackNet to predict fluid intelligence in adolescents. Our framework includes feature extraction, feature normalization, feature denoising, feature selection, training a StackNet, and predicting fluid intelligence. The extracted feature is the distribution of different…

New model prices crypto options by clustering market regimes and using implied volatility.

New loss function improves accuracy of MRI parameter estimation.

We describe an adversarial learning approach to constrain convolutional neural network training for image registration, replacing heuristic smoothness measures of displacement fields often used in these tasks. Using minimally-invasive prostate cancer intervention as an example application, we demonstrate the feasibilit…

Let $M$ be a smooth compact manifold and $P$ be either $R^1$ or $S^1$. There is a natural action of the groups $Diff(M)$ and $Diff(M) \times Diff(P)$ on the space of smooth mappings $C^{\infty}(M,P)$. For $f\in C^{\infty}(M,P)$ let $S_f$, $S_{MP}$, $O_f$, and $O_{MP}$ be the stabilizers and orbits of $f$ under these ac…