Knot groups of hyperbolic 2-bridge knots are uniquely identified by their finite quotients.
problem Identifying knots based on their group structures.
method Proving hyperbolic 2-bridge knots are uniquely determined by their profinite completions.
result Hyperbolic 2-bridge knots are uniquely identified by their finite quotients.
New 2-knots found with same knot group but different quandles.
problem Identifying 2-knots with identical knot groups but distinct quandles.
method Analyzing knot quandles of twist spins.
result First example of 2-knots with same knot group but different quandles.
New groups defined from knot diagrams, invariant under Reidemeister moves.
problem Classical knot groups are not invariant under all Reidemeister moves.
method Define quotient groups based on knot diagrams, invariant under Reidemeister moves.
result New groups include extended knot groups and are invariant under all Reidemeister moves.
The paper creates knot invariants using free groups.
problem Invariants of free knots (virtual knots).
method Constructing invariants valued in free groups.
result Series of invariants for free knots.
Virtual knots, defined by Kauffman, provide a natural generalization of classical knots. Most invariants of knots extend in a natural way to give invariants of virtual knots. In this paper we study the fundamental groups of virtual knots and observe several new and unexpected phenomena. In the classical setting, if the…
Study knot invariants using automorphism groups of free nilpotent groups.
problem Developing knot invariants using automorphism groups.
method Nilpotently p-localization of knot groups and automorphism groups of free nilpotent groups. result Maps from outer automorphism groups yield knot invariants.
Study on virtual knot groups and their lower central series properties.
problem Understanding the structure of virtual knot groups and their lower central series.
method Analyzing groups of virtual knots with small crossings, proving properties of lower central series and decompositions.
result Existence of virtual knots with long lower central series and residually nilpotent groups.
Study calculates fundamental groups of torus knots using algebraic topology.
problem Calculating the fundamental group of torus knots.
method Algebraic topology and group theory.
result Computed fundamental groups of torus knots.
New knot groups found to be bi-orderable using pretzel knots.
problem Understanding bi-orderability of knot groups.
method Applied Mayland's technique to pretzel knots to show their commutator subgroups are residually-torsion-free nilpotent.
result Found new examples of bi-orderable knot groups for non-fibered or alternating knots.
The classical knot groups are the fundamental groups of the complements of smooth or piecewise-linear (PL) locally-flat knots. For PL knots that are not locally-flat, there is a pair of interesting groups to study: the fundamental group of the knot complement and that of the complement of the ``boundary knot'' that occ…
Study epimorphisms between knot groups of two-bridge knots.
problem Conditions for epimorphisms between knot groups of two-bridge knots.
method Analyzes necessary and sufficient conditions for epimorphisms based on knot genus.
result Identifies the genus condition for epimorphisms between two-bridge knots.
Paper refines generating function for 2-bridge knot groups.
problem Determining the number of epimorphisms between 2-bridge knot groups.
method Refined generating function considering genus and crossing number.
result Improved formula for epimorphisms between 2-bridge knot groups.
Suppose that there exists an epimorphism from the knot group of a 2-bridge knot K onto that of another knot K′. In this paper, we study the relationship between their crossing numbers c(K) and c(K′). Especially it is shown that c(K) is greater than or equal to 3c(K′) and we estimate how many knot groups …
The paper calculates Alexander polynomials for knots using finite group representations.
problem Calculating Alexander polynomials for knots using specific group representations.
method Defined twisted Alexander polynomials associated with regular representations of finite groups.
result Several formulas for the twisted Alexander polynomial are provided.
New Garside structures found for torus knot groups and related braid groups.
problem Finding Garside structures for torus knot groups and related braid groups.
method Introducing a new Garside monoid M(n,m) for (n,m)-torus knot groups and other braid groups. result New Garside structures for (n,m)-torus knot groups and related braid groups are constructed. Every non-trivial knot group is fully residually perfect.
problem Understanding the residual properties of knot groups.
method Analyzing the residual properties of knot groups using group theory.
result Every non-trivial knot group is fully residually perfect.
New knot quandles distinguish ribbon knots with isomorphic groups.
problem Distinguishing knots with isomorphic fundamental groups.
method Examined knot quandles of Suciu's ribbon knots and computed their types.
result Knot quandles of Suciu's ribbon knots are mutually non-isomorphic.
Algorithm calculates knot Floer homology for a specific knot type.
problem Computing knot Floer homology for (1,1) knots. method Algorithm based on fundamental group of (1,1) knots. result Algorithm successfully computes knot Floer homology.
We show that for many classical knots one can find generalized torsion in the fundamental group of its complement, commonly called the knot group. It follows that such a group is not bi-orderable. Examples include all torus knots, the (hyperbolic) knot 52 and satellites of these knots.
Characterizes knot groups and symmetric quandles of surface-links.
problem Characterize knot groups and symmetric quandles of surface-links.
method Used plat presentations for surface-links and closed 2-dimensional braids.
result Generalized results to include non-orientable surface-links and showed that dihedral quandles can be realized as symmetric quandles of surface-links.
The paper studies twisted Alexander polynomials for knot groups in various extensions.
problem Understanding twisted Alexander polynomials in knot groups for different extensions.
method Developed mod p formula for twisted Alexander polynomials and studied central extensions.
result Established formulas for twisted Alexander polynomials in knot groups for various extensions.
New proof shows knot quandles of ribbon knots are distinct.
problem Proving knot quandles of ribbon knots are non-isomorphic.
method Analyzing conjugacy classes of automorphisms of a free group.
result Knot quandles of ribbon knots are mutually non-isomorphic.
New groups distinguish square and granny knots using finite homomorphisms.
problem Distinguishing square and granny knots using group theory.
method Constructing and comparing generalised knot groups for square and granny knots analogues.
result Generalised knot groups of square and granny knot analogues can be distinguished by counting homomorphisms into a finite group.
This paper computes the second quandle homology group of knot n-quandles.
problem Characterizing knots using quandle homology groups.
method Computation of the second quandle homology group for knot n-quandles.
result The second quandle homology group of knot n-quandles provides more information than the knot quandle's homology group.
New method detects sliceness of knots in a torus.
problem Detecting sliceness of knots in a torus.
method Group-theoretical combinatorial techniques.
result Constructs many sliceness obstructions.
Infinite group knot coloring polynomial generalizes quandle 2-cocycle invariant.
problem Generalizing knot invariants to infinite groups.
method Longitudinal mapping invariant based on meridian-longitude pair in knot group.
result Invariant values for specific knots and groups.
Recent work connects Thompson's groups to knot theory.
problem Understanding knots and links through Thompson's groups.
method Review of recent research on Thompson group representations.
result Recent developments link Thompson's groups to knot theory.
Any knot group is the image of the group of a prime knot by a homomorphism that preserves peripheral structure. In fact, there are infinitely many such prime knots. A related partial order on knots is defined, and its properties are discussed.
New Alexander invariants for knot groups computed using K1-groups.
problem Computing Alexander invariants for knot groups.
method Introducing K1-classes and comparing them with other Alexander polynomials. result Non-triviality of computed K1-classes for some knots. Characterizes groups of branched twist-spun knots.
problem Understanding the groups of branched twist-spun knots.
method Characterization through 3-manifold groups and conjectural algebraic approach.
result Each group is the group of at most finitely many branched twist spins.
This paper extends knot invariants using instantons to study torus knot groups.
problem Understanding the topology of knots and their representations.
method Generalization of equivariant singular instanton Floer theory.
result Irreducible singular instanton homology of torus knots for rational holonomy parameters are Z/4-graded abelian groups. The study counts SU(2) representations for torus-covering knots.
problem Counting irreducible metabelian SU(2) representations for torus-covering knots.
method Using Fox's p-colorability and knot determinant.
result Similar to classical knots, the number of representations is determined.
It is well known that any knot group is torsion-free, but it may admit a generalized torsion element. We show that the knot group of any negative twist knot admits a generalized torsion element. This is a generalization of the same claim for the knot 52, which is the (−2)-twist knot, by Naylor and Rolfsen.
Defines ternary group homology for knot theory applications.
problem Understanding ternary groups and their homology.
method Developed a homology theory for ternary groups using associativity and skew elements.
result Discussed applications of ternary knot groups.
We complete the TOP classification of 2-knots with torsion-free, solvable knot group by showing that fibred 2-knots with closed fibre the Hantzsche-Wendt flat 3-manifold HW are not reflexive, while every fibred 2-knot with closed fibre a Nil3-manifold with base orbifold S2(3,3,3) is reflexive, and by g…
We study concordance of virtual knots. Our main result is that a classical knot K is virtually slice if and only if it is classically slice. From this we deduce that the concordance group of classical knots embeds into the concordance group of long virtual knots.
The group of any nontrivial torus knot, hyperbolic 2-bridge knot, or hyperbolic knot with unknotting number one contains infinitely many elements, none the automorphic image of another, such that each normally generates the group.
This paper characterizes a specific type of twisted Artin groups embedded in knot groups.
problem Embedding twisted right-angled Artin groups in knot groups.
method Defined and characterized twisted right-angled Artin groups through mixed graphs and Klein bottle relations.
result Completely determined which twisted right-angled Artin groups can be embedded in knot groups.
Research examines rank 1 abelian subgroups in 2-knot groups.
problem Identifying rank 1 abelian normal subgroups in 2-knot groups.
method Analyzes properties of 2-knot groups and their subgroups.
result Either 2-knot groups have no minimal Seifert hypersurface or they are topologically equivalent to a specific example.
Study of fundamental groups of knotted solenoid complements in 3D sphere.
problem Determining fundamental groups of knotted solenoid complements.
method Using canonical sequence of knot groups and embedding up to mirror reflection.
result Fundamental groups of knotted solenoid complements are solely determined by a sequence of knot groups and embedding up to mirror reflection.
Positive braids linked to knot invariants and geometric monodromy groups.
problem Understanding knot invariants and geometric monodromy groups for positive braids.
method Associate braid monodromy groups to positive braids, identify these groups with framed mapping class groups for knots, and use these to determine knot invariants.
result Geometric monodromy groups of irreducible singularities are determined by genus and Arf invariant of associated knots.
Researchers identify knot groups with generalized torsion of order two.
problem Understanding knot groups with specific algebraic properties.
method Analyzing knot groups through generalized torsion, unique root property, and Baumslag-Solitar relations.
result Knot groups with generalized torsion of order two are R-groups and $ar{R}$-groups. Knot contact homology is an invariant of knots derived from Legendrian contact homology which has numerous connections to the knot group. We use basic properties of knot groups to prove that knot contact homology detects every torus knot. Further, if the knot contact homology of a knot is isomorphic to that of a cable …
An (m,n)-branched twist spin is a fibered 2-knot in S4 which is determined by a 1-knot K and coprime integers m and n. For a 1-knot, Lin proved that the number of irreducible SL(2,C)-metabelian representations of the knot group of a 1-knot up to conjugation is determined by the knot determ…
Our aim of this and subsequent papers is to enlighten (a part of, presumably) arithmetic structures of knots. This paper introduces a notion of profinite knots which extends topological knots and shows its various basic properties. Particularly an action of the absolute Galois group of the rational number field on prof…
Virtual knots have similar longitude properties to classical knots.
problem Understanding longitude properties in virtual knots.
method Observation and comparison with classical knots.
result Longitudes of virtual knots lie in the second commutator subgroup of the knot group.
We investigate the bi-orderability of two-bridge knot groups and the groups of knots with 12 or fewer crossings by applying recent theorems of Chiswell, Glass and Wilson. Amongst all knots with 12 or fewer crossings (of which there are 2977), previous theorems were only able to determine bi-orderability of 599 of the c…
Maximal rank Coxeter quotients found for 1.7M knots up to 16 crossings.
problem Finding maximal rank Coxeter quotients for knots.
method Computational approach to find Coxeter quotients for knots up to 16 crossings.
result Verification of Meridional Rank Conjecture for 595,515 knots.