The use of inverse probability weighting (IPW) methods to estimate the causal effect of treatments from observational studies is widespread in econometrics, medicine and social sciences. Although these studies often involve sensitive information, thus far there has been no work on privacy-preserving IPW methods. We add…
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37 results for “IPW”
New method reduces confidence interval sizes for causal inference.
problem Inaccurate propensity scores and extreme scores cause large confidence intervals.
method Data-dependent Coarse IPW (CIPW) estimators.
result Robust CIPW estimators reduce confidence interval sizes to ε+1/√n.
Proposes a new IPW-based ranking metric for two-sided markets.
problem Addressing bias in implicit user feedback in two-sided markets.
method Extends IPW estimator to two-sided markets, addressing position bias.
result Proposed estimator is unbiased for ground-truth ranking metric.
We study the problem of offline learning in automated decision systems under the contextual bandits model. We are given logged historical data consisting of contexts, (randomized) actions, and (nonnegative) rewards. A common goal is to evaluate what would happen if different actions were taken in the same contexts, so …
Comment on entropy learning for dynamic treatment regimes.
problem Evaluating dynamic treatment regimes using entropy loss.
method Optimization-based alternative to IPW estimate.
result Suggests optimization-based approach for evaluation.
Generative framework improves causal estimation from observational data.
problem Estimating individualized treatment effects from non-randomized data.
method Importance-Weighted Diffusion Distillation (IWDD) combining diffusion models and IPW.
result IWDD achieves state-of-the-art prediction performance and significantly improves causal estimation.
Study designs for estimating treatment effects in adaptive experiments.
problem Estimating treatment effects under adaptive treatment assignment.
method Propose and analyze IPW and AIPW estimators, establish CLTs under design stability.
result Central limit theorems for IPW and AIPW estimators under design stability.
MEC-Cox: A Machine-Learning-Assisted Generalized Entropy Calibration Method for Estimating ATT Marginal Hazard-Ratio
problem Estimating ATT marginal hazard-ratio in externally controlled survival trials
method Machine-learning-assisted generalized entropy calibration for IPW Cox regression
result Reduces bias, increases efficiency, and improves coverage
New methods for estimating causal effects with limited overlap, using Stable Probability Weighting.
problem Estimating causal effects with limited overlap in multivalued treatments.
method Stable Probability Weighting (SPW) and Finite-Sample Stable Probability Weighting (FPW) methods.
result SPW and FPW provide practical solutions for estimating and inferring causal effects with limited overlap.
Study shows linear models can predict CATE without overfitting, even with large data.
problem Overfitting in large-scale causal inference models.
method Investigated linear models for CATE prediction, considering samples with switching distributions.
result IPW-learner converges risk to zero if propensity score is known, while T-learner fails to achieve consistency.
A new method corrects weight values to improve treatment effect estimation.
problem Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects in high-dimensional data with sample selection bias.
method Differentiable Pareto-Smoothed Weighting (DPSW) framework.
result Our method outperforms existing methods in treatment effect estimation.
A framework for private causal effect estimation without structural assumptions.
problem Estimating causal effects from private observational data.
method Model-agnostic framework that privatizes predictions and aggregation steps.
result Maintains competitive performance under realistic privacy budgets.
Personalized Public Policy Analysis in Social Sciences using Causal-Graphical Normalizing Flowscs.LG
Develops c-GNF for personalized social science policy analysis.
problem Challenges in estimating causal effects and counterfactual inference in social sciences.
method causal-Graphical Normalizing Flow (c-GNF) method.
result c-GNF performs well in estimating causal effects and counterfactual inference.
In causal inference, a variety of causal effect estimands have been studied, including the sample, uncensored, target, conditional, optimal subpopulation, and optimal weighted average treatment effects. Ad-hoc methods have been developed for each estimand based on inverse probability weighting (IPW) and on outcome regr…
We study the problem of policy evaluation and learning from batched contextual bandit data when treatments are continuous, going beyond previous work on discrete treatments. Previous work for discrete treatment/action spaces focuses on inverse probability weighting (IPW) and doubly robust (DR) methods that use a reject…
Paper develops methods to estimate derivative of dose-response curve for continuous treatments.
problem Estimating the derivative of the dose-response curve for continuous treatments.
method Doubly robust (DR) inference method using kernel smoothing, bias-corrected IPW and DR estimators.
result Proposes novel bias-corrected IPW and DR estimators for continuous treatments.
This paper improves credit line impact analysis by considering spending as a distribution.
problem Previous studies on credit lines' impact on spending have overlooked the distributional nature of spending.
method Developed a distribution-valued estimator framework to extend existing real-valued estimators.
result Credit lines positively influence spending across all quantiles, but more towards luxuries as they increase.
Improved estimation for imbalanced data using log odds correction and optimal sampling.
problem Parameter estimation with nonuniform negative sampling for imbalanced data.
method Derive asymptotic distribution of IPW estimator, derive optimal sampling probability, propose likelihood-based estimator.
result Improved estimator has the smallest asymptotic variance.
Improves robustness of propensity score estimators in challenging settings.
problem Limited overlap, small sample sizes, or unbalanced data.
method Extends calibration techniques for propensity score models, focusing on sample-splitting schemes.
result Calibration reduces variance and bias in inverse probability weighting and double/debiased machine learning frameworks.
Estimates LATE using combined datasets, overcoming data limitations.
problem Estimating LATE when compliance is incomplete and data is split.
method Combines separately observed datasets to estimate LATE using direct and weighted least squares methods.
result Proposes a stable and practical estimator for LATE.
New estimator reduces variance in off-policy evaluation for contextual bandits.
problem High variance in current OPE methods for contextual bandits.
method Marginal Density Ratio (MR) estimator focusing on marginal distribution shift.
result MR estimator reduces variance compared to IPW and DR methods.
The paper develops a method to estimate consumer preferences from observed rankings.
problem Estimating consumer preferences from partial ranking information.
method Interpreting observed rankings as pairwise comparisons, modeling latent utility, and correcting for selection bias.
result The method improves recommendation performance, especially for previously unconsumed products.
Proposes a new method for dynamic treatment regimes that improves sample efficiency and stability.
problem Challenges in estimating optimal treatments for individuals with dynamic decision-making stages.
method Focuses on prioritizing alignment between observed and optimal treatment trajectories across decision stages.
result Improves sample efficiency and stability of IPWE-based methods by relaxing the alignment requirement.
New method improves causal effect estimation by addressing imbalance in training data.
problem Imbalance between treatment and control groups in training data.
method Combines distributionally robust optimization and weight regularization.
result Consistent improvements over existing methods in experiments.
Study shows refugee matching gains are robust to different evaluation methods.
problem Stability of refugee matching gains under various evaluation methods.
method Used multiple off-policy evaluation methods including IPW and AIPW.
result Impact estimates remain consistent in magnitude and statistically significant.
PPI uses predictions and weighting to infer from partially labeled data.
problem Valid inference with partially labeled data.
method Combines model-based predictions with bias correction from labeled data, using Horvitz-Thompson and Hájek corrections.
result IPW-adjusted PPI with estimated propensities performs similarly to known-probability case.
Proposes a new DiD method for learning optimal treatment policies.
problem Violation of parallel trends assumption in DiD.
method Instrumented DiD approach with binary IV, Wald, IPW, and semiparametric estimators.
result Establishes consistency and asymptotic normality of estimators.
Wasserstein Policy Learning for Distributional Outcomes
problem Offline policy learning with distribution-valued outcomes
method Establishing statistical guarantees for policy learning framework
result Proven leading dependence on N and N-dim(Π) for finite-sample regret
Estimating average causal effect (ACE) is useful whenever we want to know the effect of an intervention on a given outcome. In the absence of a randomized experiment, many methods such as stratification and inverse propensity weighting have been proposed to estimate ACE. However, it is hard to know which method is opti…
Deconfounding scores improve causal effect estimation with weak overlap.
problem Poor overlap in treatment and control groups makes causal effect estimators brittle.
method Introduces feature representations that improve overlap without introducing bias.
result Deconfounding scores satisfy a zero-covariance condition that is identifiable in observed data.
AFA evaluates AI feature acquisition strategies in domains with high costs.
problem Evaluate AI feature acquisition strategies in domains with high costs.
method Apply missing data methods and offline reinforcement learning under NDE and NUC assumptions.
result Propose a novel semi-offline reinforcement learning framework with three new estimators.
Study improves feature acquisition for static settings in AFAPE.
problem Evaluate AFAPE performance in static feature settings.
method Derive and adapt IPW, DM, and DRL estimators for MAR and MNAR missingness.
result Improved data efficiency in synthetic and real-world experiments.
Generative synthetic data can preserve predictive accuracy but distort causal inference.
problem Distortion of average treatment effect estimates in synthetic data.
method Hybrid synthetic-data framework that generates covariates while modeling treatment and outcome mechanisms separately.
result Hybrid synthesis improves causal fidelity compared to fully generative baselines.
Statistical inference for misspecified contextual bandits is challenging due to adaptivity issues.
problem Statistical inference for misspecified contextual bandits
method Inverse-probability-weighted Z-estimation framework
result Consistent and asymptotically normal estimator with sandwich variance estimator
MOCA uses modular attention to estimate causal effects from complex data.
problem Estimating causal effects from observational data with complex, non-linear, and high-dimensional treatment and outcome mechanisms.
method MOCA is a transformer-based framework that separates treatment and outcome modeling through modular design and one-way attention mechanism, with cutting-feedback to prevent outcome influence on treatment representations.
result MOCA outperforms classical estimators and machine learning approaches across various simulated and real-world scenarios.
Paper tackles causal inference with partially labeled data, introducing robust methods.
problem Challenges in causal inference due to partially labeled datasets and potential bias.
method Decaying missing-at-random framework and BRSS estimator for doubly robust causal inference.
result Established asymptotic normality of BRSS estimator under decaying labeling propensity scores.
New CLT for AIPW estimator in high-dimensional settings.
problem Estimating ATE in high-dimensional covariate scenarios.
method Cross-fitting AIPW estimator with well-specified models.
result Established a new CLT for the scaled cross-fit AIPW.