arXiv research

Conditions for polynomial to be isometry of lattice, answering Hasse principles.

3-manifolds study Hasse norm principle, akin to number fields.

Hasse principle applied to area-minimizing submanifolds across different homology types.

Proof of genus formula for 3-manifolds using arithmetic topology.

Hasse-Weil zeta functions of SL_2-character varieties of arithmetic two bridge link groups are determined. Special values of the zeta functions at s=0,1,2 are also investigated.

It is proved that the Hasse-Weil zeta functions of the canonical components of the ${\rm SL}_2$ (${\rm PSL}_2$)-character varieties of closed orientable complete hyperbolic $3$-manifolds of finite volume are equal to the Dedekind zeta functions of their trace fields (invariant trace fields). When the closed $3$-manifol…

Suppose $K$ is an unknot lying in the 1-skeleton of a triangulated 3-manifold with $t$ tetrahedra. Hass and Lagarias showed there is an upper bound, depending only on $t$, for the minimal number of elementary moves to untangle $K$. We give a simpler proof, utilizing a normal form for surfaces whose boundary is containe…

We prove that the three-sphere recognition problem lies in the complexity class NP. Our work relies on Thompson's original proof that the problem is decidable [Math. Res. Let., 1994], Casson's version of her algorithm, and recent results of Agol, Hass, and Thurston [ArXiv, 2002].

Hass and Scott's example of a 4-valent graph on the 3-punctured sphere that cannot be realized by geodesics in any metric of negative curvature is generalized to impossible configurations filling surfaces of genus $n$ with $k$ punctures for any $n$ and $k$.

In this paper we analyze both the scientific activities of Cahit Arf, a Turkish mathematician, and the social context in which he worked. We also discuss his work and social environment leading to the discovery of Arf invariant, Arf rings, Arf closure and Hasse-Arf theorem.

Let $M$ be an orientable 3-manifold with $\partial M$ a single torus. We show that the number of boundary slopes of immersed essential surfaces with genus at most $g$ is bounded by a quadratic function of $g$. In the hyperbolic case, this was proved earlier by Hass, Rubinstein and Wang.

A combinatorial condition is obtained for when immersed or embedded incompressible surfaces in compact 3-manifolds with tori boundary components remain incompressible after Dehn surgery. A combinatorial characterisation of hierarchies is described. A new proof is given of the topological rigidity theorem of Hass and Sc…

In the previous paper, we considered a link diagram invariant of Hass and Nowik type using regular smoothing and unknotting number, to estimate the number of Reidemeister moves needed for unlinking. In this paper, we introduce a new link diagram invariant using irregular smoothing, and give an example of a knot diagram…

In the case of smooth manifolds, we use Forman's discrete Morse theory to realize combinatorially any Thom-Smale complex coming from a smooth Morse function by a couple triangulation-discrete Morse function. As an application, we prove that any Euler structure on a smooth oriented closed 3-manifold has a particular rea…

Knot genus problem solved for all 3-manifolds.

We present a complete acyclic matching of the Hasse diagram associated with the face lattice of a hypersimplex. Since a hypersimplex is a convex polytope, there is a natural way to form a CW complex from its faces. We will then utilize this matching along with discrete Morse theory and some topological techniques to cl…

Using unknotting number, we introduce a link diagram invariant of Hass and Nowik type, which changes at most by 2 under a Reidemeister move. As an application, we show that a certain infinite sequence of diagrams of the trivial two-component link need quadratic number of Reidemeister moves for being unknotted with resp…

We show that the number of stabilizations needed to interchange the handlebodies of a Heegaard splitting of a closed 3-manifold by an isotopy is bounded below by the smaller of twice its genus or half its Hempel distance. This is a combinatorial version of a proof by Hass, Thompson and Thurston of a similar theorem, bu…

A meander of order n is a simple closed curve in the plane which intersects a horizontal line transversely at 2n points. (Meanders which differ by an isotopy of the line and plane are considered equivalent.) Let Gamma_n be the Cayley graph of the symmetric group S_n as generated by all (n choose 2) transpositions. Let …

Given a tame knot K presented in the form of a knot diagram, we show that the problem of determining whether K is knotted is in the complexity class NP, assuming the generalized Riemann hypothesis (GRH). In other words, there exists a polynomial-length certificate that can be verified in polynomial time to prove that K…

We introduce a new knot diagram invariant called the Self-Crossing Index (SCI). Using SCI, we provide bounds for unknotting two families of framed unknots. For one of these families, unknotting using framed Reidemeister moves is significantly harder than unknotting using regular Reidemeister moves. We also investigate …

Let M be an orientable closed connected 3-manifold. We introduce the notion of amalgamated Heegaard genus of M with respect to a closed separating 2-manifold F, and use it to show that the following two statements are equivalent: (i) a compact connected 3-manifold Y can be embedded in M so that the exterior of the imag…

Counted essential surfaces in a knot's exterior, finding a unique pattern.

Gay and Kirby recently introduced the concept of a trisection for arbitrary smooth, oriented closed 4-manifolds, and with it a new topological invariant, called the trisection genus. This paper improves and implements an algorithm due to Bell, Hass, Rubinstein and Tillmann to compute trisections using triangulations, a…

We define a measure of "complexity" of a braid which is natural with respect to both an algebraic and a geometric point of view. Algebraically, we modify the standard notion of the length of a braid by introducing generators $Δ\_{ij}$, which are Garside-like half-twists involving strings $i$ through $j$, and by countin…

The study provides polynomial bounds for essential surfaces in various 3-manifolds.

The paper bounds distances and transformations between pants decompositions and triangulations on surfaces.

We give a brief literature review of the isoperimetric problem and discuss its relationship with the Cheeger constant of Riemannian $n$-manifolds. For some non-compact, finite area 2-manifolds, we prove the existence and regularity of subsets whose isoperimetric ratio is equal to the Cheeger constant. To do this, we us…

We address the question: how common is it for a 3-manifold to fiber over the circle? One motivation for considering this is to give insight into the fairly inscrutable Virtual Fibration Conjecture. For the special class of 3-manifolds with tunnel number one, we provide compelling theoretical and experimental evidence t…

New framework assesses LLMs' expertise using nonparametric ranking and confidence diagrams.

The idea of studying trisections of closed smooth $4$-manifolds via (singular) triangulations, endowed with a suitable vertex-labelling by three colors, is due to Bell, Hass, Rubinstein and Tillmann, and has been applied by Spreer and Tillmann to colored triangulations associated to the so called simple crystallization…

Research examines how Islamic banking principles spread among managers and scholars.

The paper establishes maximum principles and stochastic completeness for pseudo-Hermitian manifolds.

The h-principle helps solve complex geometric problems.

The study establishes uncertainty principles on harmonic manifolds of rank one.

Shows flexible sheaves as fibrant objects for Gromov's h-principle.

A new method to break down insurance costs into risk and uncertainty.

The pinning ideal of multiloops is shown to be NP-complete.

Study on maximum principles for nonlinear equations on Riemannian manifolds.

Derives Fredholm criteria for isotypical components from a Simonenko principle.

Establishes a boundary maximum principle for varifolds with fixed contact angle.

Study proves Maximum Principles for unbounded Riemannian domains.

A pricing principle is introduced for non-attainable claims in incomplete markets.

We show that a well known uncertainty principle for functions on the circle can be derived from an uncertainty principle for the Euclidean motion group.

Proves a principle for one-phase Bernoulli problem minimizers.

New method proves $h$-principles for stable forms on manifolds.

We give a version of the comparison principle from pluripotential theory where the Monge-Ampère measure is replaced by the Bergman kernel and use it to derive a maximum principle

In this paper, we develop a new mathematical technique which allows us to express the joint distribution of a Markov process and its running maximum (or minimum) through the marginal distribution of the process itself. This technique is an extension of the classical reflection principle for Brownian motion, and it is o…