arXiv research

Cobordism of Haken $n$-manifolds is defined by a Haken $(n+1)$-manifold $W$ whose boundary has two components, each of which is a closed Haken $n$-manifold. In addition, the inclusion map of the fundamental group of each boundary component to $π_1(W)$ is injective. In this paper we prove that there are 4-dimensional Ha…

We define the class of Haken $n$--manifolds as a generalisation of Haken 3--manifolds. We prove that the interior of the universal covering of a Haken $n$--manifold is $\RR^n$, which generalises a result of Waldhausen. The techniques used allow us to provide a new proof of Waldhausen's universal cover theorem for Haken…

A 3-manifold is Haken if it contains a topologically essential surface. The Virtual Haken Conjecture says that every irreducible 3-manifold with infinite fundamental group has a finite cover which is Haken. Here, we discuss two interrelated topics concerning this conjecture. First, we describe computer experiments whic…

New proof for complex 3D shapes.

Haken n-manifolds have been defined and studied by B. Foozwell and H. Rubinstein in analogy with the classical Haken manifolds of dimension 3, based upon the the theory of boundary patterns developed by K. Johannson. The Euler characteristic of a Haken manifold is analyzed and shown to be equal to the sum of the Charne…

Short proof of Strong Haken Theorem for 3-manifolds.

Understanding non-Haken 3-manifolds is central to many current endeavors in 3-manifold topology. We describe some results for closed orientable surfaces in non-Haken manifolds, and extend Fox's theorem for submanifolds of the 3-sphere to submanifolds of general non-Haken manifolds. In the case where the submanifold has…

We use Heegaard splittings to give some examples of virtually Haken 3-manifolds.

The study examines conditions for Haken 3-manifolds and their fundamental groups.

A famous example of Casson and Gordon shows that a Haken 3-manifold can have an infinite family of irreducible Heegaard splittings with different genera. In this paper, we prove that a closed non-Haken 3-manifold has only finitely many irreducible Heegaard splittings, up to isotopy. This is much stronger than the Waldh…

Haken n-manifolds are aspherical manifolds, defined and studied by B. Foozwell and H. Rubinstein, that can be successively cut open along essential codimension-one submanifolds until a disjoint union of n-cells is obtained. Such manifolds come equipped with a boundary pattern, a particular kind of decomposition of the …

New proof of Haken's Lemma and Scharlemann's theorem using thin position.

For every closed hyperbolic Haken 3-manifold and, more generally, for any hyperbolic 3-manifold M which is homeomorphic to the interior of a Haken manifold, the number 0.286 is a Margulis number. If M has non-zero first Betti number, or if M is closed and contains a semi-fiber, then 0.292 is a Margulis number for M.

Suppose that M is a fibered three-manifold whose fiber is a surface of positive genus with one boundary component. Assume that M is not a semi-bundle. We show that infinitely many fillings of M along dM are virtually Haken. It follows that infinitely many Dehn-surgeries of any non-trivial knot in the three-sphere are v…

Three great theorems of Thurston read: Haken manifolds are hyperbolic; big ramified coverings are hyperbolic; big surgeries are hyperbolic. Recent developments indicate that the later two theorems are essentially a corollary of the first, that is there are much more Haken manifolds than expected by Thurston. In fact Fr…

The main result is a short effective proof of Tao Li's theorem that a closed non Haken hyperbolic 3-manifold N has at most finitely many irreducible Heegaard splittings.

We give a brief summary of some of our work and our joint work with Stephan Tillmann on solving Thurston's equation and Haken equation on triangulated 3-manifolds in this paper. Several conjectures on the existence of solutions to Thurston's equation and Haken equation are made. Resolutions of these conjecture will lea…

Colding and Gabai have given an effective version of Li's theorem that non-Haken hyperbolic 3-manifolds have finitely many irreducible Heegaard splittings. As a corollary of their work, we show that Haken hyperbolic 3-manifolds have a finite collection of strongly irreducible Heegaard surfaces $S_i$ and incompressible …

We prove that cubulated hyperbolic groups are virtually special. The proof relies on results of Haglund and Wise which also imply that they are linear groups, and quasi-convex subgroups are separable. A consequence is that closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds have finite-sheeted Haken covers, which resolves the virtual Haken …

Proves Thurston's bounded image theorem for Haken manifolds.

We give a simple criterion for a Heegaard splitting to yield a Haken manifold. As a consequence, we construct many Haken manifolds, in particular homology spheres, with prescribed properties, namely Heegaard genus, Heegaard distance and Casson invariant. Along the way we give simpler and shorter proofs of the existence…

In this paper, we give infinitely many non-Haken hyperbolic genus three 3-manifolds each of which has a finite cover whose induced Heegaard surface from some genus three Heegaard surface of the base manifold is reducible but can be compressed into an incompressible surface. This result supplements [CG] and extends [MMZ…

Kneser-Haken Finiteness asserts that for each compact 3-manifold M there is an integer c(M) such that any collection of k>c(M) closed, essential, 2-sided surfaces in M must contain parallel elements. We show here that if M is closed then twice the number of tetrahedra in a (pseudo)-triangulation of M suffices for c(M).

A new proof shows a reducing sphere can be obtained from a given sphere without surgeries.

In this paper we settle Thurston's old question of whether the Weber-Seifert dodecahedral space is non-Haken, a problem that has been a benchmark for progress in computational 3-manifold topology over recent decades. We resolve this question by combining recent significant advances in normal surface enumeration, new he…

We address a conjecture that $π_1$-surjective maps between closed aspherical 3-manifolds having the same rank on $π_1$ must be of non-zero degree. The conjecture is proved for Seifert manifolds, which is used in constructing the first known example of minimum Haken manifold. Another motivation is to study epimorphisms …

This paper gives a proof that the universal cover of a closed 3-manifold built from three $π_1$-injective handlebodies is homeomorphic to $\mathbb R^3$. This construction is an extension to handlebodies of the conditions for gluing of three solid tori to produce non-Haken Seifert fibered manifolds with infinite fundame…

In this paper we consider two connected closed Haken manifolds denoted by M^3 and N^3, with the same Gromov simplicial volume. We give a simple homological criterion to decide when a given map f: M^3-->N^3 between M^3 and N^3 can be changed by a homotopy to a homeomorphism. We then give a convenient process for constru…

We use Heegaard splittings to give a criterion for a tunnel number one knot manifold to be non-fibered and to have large cyclic covers. We also show that such a knot manifold (satisfying the criterion) admits infinitely many virtually Haken Dehn fillings. Using a computer, we apply this criterion to the 2 generator, no…

It is not known whether there exists a computable function bounding the number of Pachner moves needed to connect any two triangulation of a compact 3-manifold. In this paper we find an explicit bound of this kind for all Haken 3-manifolds which contain no fibred submanifolds as strongly simple pieces of their JSJ-deco…

We give a short proof of Waldhausen's homeomorphism theorem for orientable Haken 3-manifolds.

We construct examples of closed non-Haken hyperbolic 3-manifolds with a Heegaard splitting of arbitrarily large distance.

This paper looks at a class of closed orientable 3-manifolds constructed from a gluing of three handlebodies, such that the inclusion of each handlebody is $π_1$-injective. This construction is the generalisation to handlebodies of the condition for gluing three solid tori to produce non-Haken Seifert fibered 3-manifol…

We prove a volume inequality for 3-manifolds having C^0 metrics "bent" along a hypersurface, and satisfying certain curvature pinching conditions. The result makes use of Perelman's work on Ricci flow and geometrization of closed 3-manifolds. Corollaries include a new proof of a conjecture of Bonahon about volumes of c…

Algorithm determines spatial graph isomorphism with vertex, edge colorings and orientations.

Mapping class groups of Haken 3-manifolds enjoy many of the homological finiteness properties of mapping class groups of 2-manifolds of finite type. For example, H(M) has a torsionfree subgroup of finite index, which is geometrically finite (i. e. is the fundamental group of a finite aspherical complex). This was prove…

In the context of Thurstons geometrisation program we address the question which compact aspherical 3-manifolds admit Riemannian metrics of nonpositive curvature. We show that non-geometric Haken manifolds generically, but not always, admit such metrics. More precisely, we prove that a Haken manifold with, possibly emp…

This paper adresses the following problem: Given a closed orientable three-manifold M, are there at most finitely many closed orientable three-manifolds 1-dominated by M? We solve this question for the class of closed orientable graph manifolds. More presisely the main result of this paper asserts that any closed orien…

A natural problem in the theory of 3-manifolds is the question of whether two 3-manifolds are homeomorphic or not. The aim of this paper is to study this problem for the class of closed Haken manifolds using degree one maps. To this purpose we introduce an invariant $τ(N)=({\rm Vol}(N),\|N\|)$ where $\|N\|$ denotes th…

We examine three key conjectures in 3-manifold theory: the virtually Haken conjecture, the positive virtual b_1 conjecture and the virtually fibred conjecture. We explore the interaction of these conjectures with the following seemingly unrelated areas: eigenvalues of the Laplacian, and Heegaard splittings. We first gi…

We determine the lowest volume hyperbolic Coxeter polyhedron whose corresponding hyperbolic polyhedral 3-orbifold contains an essential 2-suborbifold, up to a canonical decomposition along essential hyperbolic triangle 2-suborbifolds.

This is a personal view of some problems on minimal surfaces, Ricci flow, polyhedral geometric structures, Haken 4-manifolds, contact structures and Heegaard splittings, singular incompressible surfaces after the Hamilton-Perelman revolution.

This is a survey paper on algorithms for solving problems in 3-dimensional topology. In particular, it discusses Haken's approach to the recognition of the unknot, and recent variations.

New method shows how to move one Heegaard surface positioning to another.

This is a "software upgrade" to a paper originally published in 1976, with cleaner statements and improved proofs. The main result is that, in a Haken 3-manifold, the space of all incompressible surfaces in a single isotopy class is contractible, except when the surface is the fiber of a surface bundle structure, in wh…

Let $\nabla$ be a metric connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion $\T$ on a Riemannian manifold. Given a spinor field $Ψ$ and a dilaton function $Φ$, the basic equations in type II B string theory are \bdm \nabla Ψ= 0, \quad δ(\T) = a \cdot \big(d Φ\haken \T \big), \quad \T \cdot Ψ= b \cdot d Φ\cdot Ψ+ μ\cdot Ψ. …

Culler-Shalen theory extended to arbitrary characteristic.

A manifold which admits a reducible genus-$2$ Heegaard splitting is one of the $3$-sphere, $S^2 \times S^1$, lens spaces or their connected sums. For each of those splittings, the complex of Haken spheres is defined. When the manifold is the $3$-sphere, $S^2 \times S^1$ or the connected sum whose summands are lens spac…