arXiv research

Parameters defined via General Estimating Equations (GEE) can be estimated by maximizing the Empirical Likelihood (EL). Newey and Smith (2004) have recently shown that this EL estimator exhibits desirable higher-order asymptotic properties, namely, that its O(n^-1) bias is small and that bias-corrected EL is higher-ord…

Parameters defined via general estimating equations (GEE) can be estimated by maximizing the empirical likelihood (EL). Newey and Smith [Econometrica 72 (2004) 219--255] have recently shown that this EL estimator exhibits desirable higher-order asymptotic properties, namely, that its $O(n^{-1})$ bias is small and that …

Entity Linking (EL) is the task of automatically identifying entity mentions in a piece of text and resolving them to a corresponding entity in a reference knowledge base like Wikipedia. There is a large number of EL tools available for different types of documents and domains, yet EL remains a challenging task where t…

Develops an empirical likelihood framework for random forests and ensembles.

New proof of Kerr stability outside null cones.

We correct a mistake on the citation of JSJ theory in \cite{Ni}. Some arguments in \cite{Ni} are also slightly modified accordingly.

Introduces BPEL for EL, enhancing flexibility and using MCMC for inference.

In this paper we study the boundary at infinity of the curve complex $\mathcal{C}(S)$ of a surface $S$ of finite type and the relative Teichmüller space $\mathcal{T}_{el}(S)$ obtained from the Teichmüller space by collapsing each region where a simple closed curve is short to be a set of diameter 1. $\mathcal{C}(S)$ an…

The dependency structure of credit risk parameters is a key driver for capital consumption and receives regulatory and scientific attention. The impact of parameter imperfections on the quality of expected loss (EL) in the sense of a fair, unbiased estimate of risk expenses however is barely covered. So far there are n…

Generalisation of the El Farol bar problem to that of many bars here leads to the Kolkata restaurant problem, where the decision to go to any restaurant or not is much simpler (depending on the previous experience of course, as in the El Farol bar problem). This generalised problem can be exactly analysed in some limit…

Graph Neural Networks improve El Niño forecasts.

$\mathscr{W}$-entropy and reduced volume for the Ricci flow were introduced by Perelman, which had proved their importance in the study of the Ricci flow. L. Ni studied the analogous concepts for the linear heat equation on the static manifolds, and established an equation which links the large time behavior of these t…

New proof of Minkowski spacetime stability in exterior regions.

This paper presents practical methods for portfolio selection in investments.

We show that the climate phenomena of El Nino and La Nina arise naturally as states of macro-variables when our recent causal feature learning framework (Chalupka 2015, Chalupka 2016) is applied to micro-level measures of zonal wind (ZW) and sea surface temperatures (SST) taken over the equatorial band of the Pacific O…

We show that if S is a finite type orientable surface of genus g and p punctures where 3g+p > 4, then EL(S) is (n-1)-connected and (n-1)-locally connected where dim(PML(S))=2n+1=6g+2p-7. Furthermore, if g=0, then EL(S) is homeomorphic to the p-4 dimensional Nobeling space.

Graph neural networks improve El Niño forecasts.

Efficiently estimates uncertainty for LLM-based entity linking in tabular data.

Statistical inference of analytically non-tractable posteriors is a difficult problem because of marginalization of correlated variables and stochastic methods such as MCMC and VI are commonly used. We argue that stochastic KL divergence minimization used by MCMC and VI is noisy, and we propose instead EL_2O, expectati…

The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive study no-arbitrage pricing of financial derivatives in the presence of funding costs, the counterparty credit risk and market frictions affecting the trading mechanism, such as collateralization and capital requirements. To achieve our goals, we extend in severa…

Model predicts EMF of Ni-Mn-Ga MSMA, improved with GRNN.

New spaces at infinity identified for Minkowski spacetime.

We study the geometric nature of the Jacobi equation. In particular we prove that Jacobi vector fields (JVFs) along a solution of the Euler-Lagrange (EL) equations are themselves solutions of the EL equations but considered on a non-standard algebroid (different from the tangent bundle Lie algebroid). As a consequence …

OL4EL optimizes edge learning on resource-constrained servers.

Noise injection (NI) is an efficient technique to mitigate over-fitting in neural networks (NNs). The Bernoulli NI procedure as implemented in dropout and shakeout has connections with $l_1$ and $l_2$ regularization for the NN model parameters. We propose whiteout, a family NI regularization techniques (NIRT) through i…

The paper studies knot Floer homology under Murasugi sum and establishes graded isomorphisms.

Given a reducible $3$-manifold $M$ with an aspherical summand in its prime decomposition and a homeomorphism $f\colon M\to M$, we construct a map of degree one from a finite cover of $M\rtimes_f S^1$ to a mapping torus of a certain aspherical $3$-manifold. We deduce that $M\rtimes_f S^1$ has virtually infinite first Be…

Deep learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples crafted by applying human-imperceptible perturbations on benign inputs. However, under the black-box setting, most existing adversaries often have a poor transferability to attack other defense models. In this work, from the perspective of regarding the advers…

We obtain a Bernstein type result for entire two dimensional minimal graphs in $\mathbb{R}^{4}$, which extends a previous one due to L. Ni. Moreover, we provide a characterization for complex analytic curves.

EL framework certifies and flags bias in ML models without distributional assumptions.

We build examples of properly convex projective manifold $Ω/ Γ$ which have finite volume, are not compact, nor hyperbolic in every dimension $n \geqslant 2$. On the way, we build Zariski-dense discrete subgroups of $\SL_{n+1}(\R)$ which are not lattice, nor Schottky groups. Moreover, the open properly convex set $Ω$ is…

We show that the infinite cyclic cover of the exterior of the untwisted Whitehead double of a non-trivial knot does not embed in any compact 3-manifold, answering a question of Jiang, Ni, Wang and Zhou.

In this short note, using an argument by Munteanu and Wang, we provide an alternative proof of the fact first obtained by Lei Ni that shrinking gradient Kähler-Ricci solitons with positive bisectional curvature must be compact.

Using polar convex bodies and the $C_0$-bounds from Guan and Ni \cite{PL}, we obtain a uniform lower bound on the Gauss curvature of the normalized solution of the Gauss curvature flow without using Chow's Harnack inequality \cite{Ch2}.

ELS framework improves safety alignment by dynamically steering LLMs towards helpful responses.

We show that recent work of Ni and Wilking yields the result that a noncompact nonflat Ricci shrinker has at most quadratic scalar curvature decay. The examples of noncompact Kähler--Ricci shrinkers by Feldman, Ilmanen, and Knopf exhibit that this result is sharp.

Noise in SGD affects overparameterized models, favoring sparse solutions.

We prove rigidity of any properly immersed noncompact Lagrangian shrinker with single valued Lagrangian angle for Lagrangian mean curvature flows. Our pointwise approach also provides an ele- mentary proof to the known rigidity results for graphical and almost graphical shrinkers of mean curvature flows.

Noise-ignorant empirical risk minimization achieves state-of-the-art performance on noisy data.

In this paper, we study the injectivity radius bound for 3-d Ricci flow. As applications we show the long time existence of the Ricci flow with positive Ricci curvature. We also partially settle a question in page 302 of the book of Chow-Lu-Ni (2006).

El Soufi-Ilias' theorem establishes a connection between minimal submanifolds of spheres and extremal metrics for eigenvalues of the Laplace-Beltrami operator. Recently, this connection was used to provide several explicit examples of extremal metrics. We investigate the maximality of these metrics and prove that all o…

Kalman filters are routinely used for many data fusion applications including navigation, tracking, and simultaneous localization and mapping problems. However, significant time and effort is frequently required to tune various Kalman filter model parameters, e.g. process noise covariance, pre-whitening filter models f…

Novel algorithm detects causal macrovariables from high-dimensional data.

Link Floer homology detects split links.

ARBITER learns SPX-VIX term structures without arbitrage constraints.

Let $u_1$ and $u_2$ be two different positive smooth solutions of the equation $Δu + n (n - 2) u^{{n + 2}\over {n - 2}} = 0$ in $R^n (n \ge 3).$ By a result of Gidas, Ni and Nirenberg, $u_1$ and $u_2$ are radially symmetric above the points $ξ_1$ and $ξ_2$, respectively. Let $u$ be a positive $C^2$-function on $R^n$ su…

New proof confirms flat equilateral torus is λ1-maximal.

This work is about recognizing human activities occurring in videos at distinct semantic levels, including individual actions, interactions, and group activities. The recognition is realized using a two-level hierarchy of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks, forming a feed-forward deep architecture, which can be tra…