We estimate treatment cost-savings from early cancer diagnosis. For breast, lung, prostate and colorectal cancers and melanoma, which account for more than 50% of new incidences projected in 2017, we combine published cancer treatment cost estimates by stage with incidence rates by stage at diagnosis. We extrapolate to…
On-device research index
arXiv research
A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.
168,742 papers · 148 categories
Trend · papers per month
48 results for “Cancer treatment”
AI framework uses multi-omics data to personalize cancer treatment suggestions.
problem Leveraging AI for personalized cancer treatment based on complex patient characteristics.
method Modular machine learning framework trained on diverse multi-omics technologies.
result Superior performance in personalized counterfactual treatment suggestions.
Improving cancer treatment decisions requires considering causal effects, not just model accuracy.
problem Cancer outcome prediction models may cause harm when used for treatment decisions.
method Explains the importance of considering causal effects in model validation and provides guidelines.
result Building and validating models that are useful for decision making requires considering causal effects.
PDX studies help personalize cancer treatment.
problem Precision medicine in cancer treatment.
method Machine learning methods for estimating optimal ITRs from PDX data.
result Superlearner approach combining multiple ITRs improves personalized treatment recommendations.
Cardiotoxicity related to cancer therapies has become a serious issue, diminishing cancer treatment outcomes and quality of life. Early detection of cancer patients at risk for cardiotoxicity before cardiotoxic treatments and providing preventive measures are potential solutions to improve cancer patients's quality of …
Modeling correlated mutations in cancer for personalized treatment.
problem Identifying mutations for personalized cancer therapy in heterogeneous profiles.
method Proposed correlated zero-inflated negative binomial process with mixed beta-Bernoulli and variational inference.
result Identified biologically relevant correlations between somatic mutations.
Prediction of cancer dynamics under treatment using Bayesian neural networks: A simulated studyq-bio.QM
Bayesian neural networks improve cancer dynamics prediction.
problem Predicting cancer dynamics under treatment due to heterogeneity and sparse data.
method Hierarchical Bayesian model using baseline covariates and Bayesian neural networks for nonlinear interactions.
result Bayesian neural networks outperform linear models in predicting cancer dynamics with interactions.
LI-ITR combines flexible ML with interpretable approximations for personalized treatment rules.
problem Combining flexibility and interpretability in personalized treatment rules.
method Uses variational autoencoders and a mixture of interpretable experts.
result Accurately recovers true local coefficients and optimal treatment strategies.
The majority of cancer treatments end in failure due to Intra-Tumor Heterogeneity (ITH). ITH in cancer is represented by clonal evolution where different sub-clones compete with each other for resources under conditions of Darwinian natural selection. Predicting the growth of these sub-clones within a tumour is among t…
Estimating Bayesian Optimal Treatment Regimes for Dichotomous Outcomes using Observational Datastat.ME
Optimal treatment regimes (OTR) are individualised treatment assignment strategies that identify a medical treatment as optimal given all background information available on the individual. We discuss Bayes optimal treatment regimes estimated using a loss function defined on the bivariate distribution of dichotomous po…
Deep learning predicts response to HER2-targeted breast cancer therapy.
problem Predicting response to HER2-targeted neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
method Developed and validated a deep learning approach using pre-treatment dynamic breast MRI.
result Deep learning model achieved strong performance in predicting pathological complete response.
Interventional cancer clinical trials are generally too restrictive, and some patients are often excluded on the basis of comorbidity, past or concomitant treatments, or the fact that they are over a certain age. The efficacy and safety of new treatments for patients with these characteristics are, therefore, not defin…
Model predicts anti-cancer drug responses using gene and molecular data.
problem Expensive and time-consuming cancer drug discovery and tailoring.
method Uses variational autoencoders and multi-layer perceptrons to encode gene expression and drug data.
result High average of 0.83 and 0.845 in predicting drug responses for breast and pan-cancer cell lines, respectively.
New method uses probabilistic independence to discover disease signatures from medical records.
problem Insufficiently precise diagnosis of clinical disease leading to treatment failures.
method Unsupervised machine learning using probabilistic independence to disentangle disease patterns.
result Inferred 2000 clinical disease signatures from medical records, improving cancer prediction.
Dr.S recommends cancer drugs based on genomic data.
problem Personalizing cancer treatments using genomic information.
method Machine learning to identify optimal drug-gene associations.
result Developed a Drug Recommendation System (Dr.S) for cancer cell lines.
Deep neural network improves cancer mutation calls with confidence.
problem Improving accuracy and confidence in somatic variant calls from cancer sequencing.
method Deep Bayesian Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) with flexible priors.
result Enhanced confidence in mutation calls without performance degradation.
Bayesian framework improves survival prediction accuracy and uncertainty quantification.
problem Inaccurate uncertainty estimates in survival models.
method Bayesian framework combining variational inference, neural multi-task logistic regression, and sparsity-inducing prior.
result Better quantification of survival uncertainty and more accurate predictions.
The research reported in this paper identifies the epigenetic biomarker (methylation beta pattern) of breast cancer. Many cancers are triggered by abnormal gene expression levels caused by aberrant methylation of CpG sites in the DNA. In order to develop early diagnostics of cancer-causing methylations and to develop a…
Study improves drug synergy prediction using ensemble learning.
problem Predicting drug synergy in complex diseases.
method Investigated different compound representations and proposed an ensemble model.
result Ensemble model outperforms baseline models.
Develops HCQRF for estimating heterogeneous treatment effects with censored data.
problem Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects on censored responses with high-dimensional variables.
method Hybrid Censored Quantile Regression Forest (HCQRF) combining random forests and censored quantile regression.
result Demonstrates the effectiveness and stability of HCQRF through simulation studies and real-world application.
Estimating heterogeneous survival treatment effect in observational data using machine learningstat.AP
Study improves machine learning for estimating survival treatment effects.
problem Estimating heterogeneous survival treatment effects in observational data.
method Flexible machine learning methods in the counterfactual framework, including AFT-BART-NP.
result AFT-BART-NP consistently yields best performance in terms of bias, precision, and frequentist coverage.
Deep learning predicts breast cancer with high accuracy from patient data.
problem Early detection of breast cancer from patient data.
method Feature selection and k-fold Monte Carlo cross-validation using deep learning.
result Deep learning model effectively distinguishes between cancer and healthy patients.
Knowledge-based planning (KBP) is an automated approach to radiation therapy treatment planning that involves predicting desirable treatment plans before they are then corrected to deliverable ones. We propose a generative adversarial network (GAN) approach for predicting desirable 3D dose distributions that eschews th…
Scalable Reinforcement-Learning-Based Neural Architecture Search for Cancer Deep Learning Researchcs.LG
Cancer is a complex disease, the understanding and treatment of which are being aided through increases in the volume of collected data and in the scale of deployed computing power. Consequently, there is a growing need for the development of data-driven and, in particular, deep learning methods for various tasks such …
Reinforcement learning algorithms are gaining popularity in fields in which optimal scheduling is important, and oncology is not an exception. The complex and uncertain dynamics of cancer limit the performance of traditional model-based scheduling strategies like Optimal Control. Motivated by the recent success of mode…
Colon Cancer is one of the most common types of cancer. The treatment is planned to depend on the grade or stage of cancer. One of the preconditions for grading of colon cancer is to segment the glandular structures of tissues. Manual segmentation method is very time-consuming, and it leads to life risk for the patient…
New method estimates treatment effects over time for survival data, improving accuracy and smoothness.
problem Estimating treatment effects over time for survival data with left truncation and right censoring.
method surv-iTMLE, a targeted learning procedure for estimating conditional survival probabilities.
result surv-iTMLE outperforms existing methods in bias and smoothness of time-varying effect estimates.
Precision oncology, the genetic sequencing of tumors to identify druggable targets, has emerged as the standard of care in the treatment of many cancers. Nonetheless, due to the pace of therapy development and variability in patient information, designing effective protocols for individual treatment assignment in a sam…
AI enhances cancer diagnostics using spectroscopy.
problem Early and accurate cancer diagnosis.
method Combining AI with spectroscopy-based techniques.
result AI improves cancer diagnostics speed and safety.
Towards multiple kernel principal component analysis for integrative analysis of tumor samplesstat.ML
Personalized treatment of patients based on tissue-specific cancer subtypes has strongly increased the efficacy of the chosen therapies. Even though the amount of data measured for cancer patients has increased over the last years, most cancer subtypes are still diagnosed based on individual data sources (e.g. gene exp…
Scientists develop a model to identify treatment responders from non-responders.
problem Analyzing samples that respond to treatment in studies.
method Causal two-groups (C2G) model, empirical Bayes procedures.
result The C2G model controls false discovery rate and has near-optimal power.
Study compares LSTM, Transformer, and Mamba for bladder cancer recurrence analysis.
problem Complex time-dependent data in bladder cancer recurrence analysis.
method Evaluation of LSTM, Transformer, and Mamba models using Cox proportional hazards model.
result LSTM-Cox model outperforms Transformer-Cox and Mamba-Cox models in prediction accuracy.
Bayesian Semi-nonnegative Tri-matrix Factorization to Identify Pathways Associated with Cancer Typesstat.ML
Identifying altered pathways that are associated with specific cancer types can potentially bring a significant impact on cancer patient treatment. Accurate identification of such key altered pathways information can be used to develop novel therapeutic agents as well as to understand the molecular mechanisms of variou…
Exploratory cancer drug studies test multiple tumor cell lines against multiple candidate drugs. The goal in each paired (cell line, drug) experiment is to map out the dose-response curve of the cell line as the dose level of the drug increases. We propose Bayesian Tensor Filtering (BTF), a hierarchical Bayesian model …
Histopathological images of tumors contain abundant information about how tumors grow and how they interact with their micro-environment. Better understanding of tissue phenotypes in these images could reveal novel determinants of pathological processes underlying cancer, and in turn improve diagnosis and treatment opt…
A novel dose-finding design for cancer clinical trials using level set estimation.
problem Finding the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) in phase I cancer clinical trials.
method Proposes a novel dose-finding design based on level set estimation (LSE) to determine the next dose.
result The proposed LSE design achieves higher accuracy in estimating the MTD and lower risk of overdosing compared to existing designs.
Objectives: Most cancer data sources lack information on metastatic recurrence. Electronic medical records (EMRs) and population-based cancer registries contain complementary information on cancer treatment and outcomes, yet are rarely used synergistically. To enable detection of metastatic breast cancer (MBC), we appl…
IA-BMA adapts model weights to inputs for better predictions.
problem Predicting with multiple models in heterogeneous settings.
method Input adaptive Bayesian Model Averaging (IA-BMA) with an input adaptive prior and amortized variational inference.
result IA-BMA consistently delivers more accurate and better-calibrated predictions.
Permutation invariant multi-output Gaussian Processes for drug combination prediction in cancerq-bio.QM
Develops a scalable model for drug combination prediction in cancer.
problem Accurate prediction of drug combinations for cancer treatment.
method Permutation invariant multi-output Gaussian Processes with variational approximation and deep generative model.
result Model efficiently borrows information across drug combinations and provides uncertainty quantification.
Proposes a two-stage method for estimating heterogeneous treatment effects using gradient boosting trees.
problem Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects in randomized clinical trials with high-dimensional predictive markers.
method Two-stage statistical learning procedure using gradient boosting trees (XGBoost) to estimate main effects and HTE.
result Improves efficiency in estimating heterogeneous treatment effects through nonparametric function estimation.
Deep learning model explains breast cancer subtypes using logistic regression.
problem Clarifying the mechanisms of breast cancer subtypes for better treatment.
method Developed a PWL model that generates custom-made logistic regression for each patient.
result The PWL model reveals genes relevant to cell cycle-related pathways.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and is the leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Detection of breast cancer, while it is still small and confined to the breast, provides the best chance of effective treatment. Computer Aided Detection (CAD) systems that detect cancer from mammograms will help in …
Boolean tensor decomposition approximates data of multi-way binary relationships as product of interpretable low-rank binary factors, following the rules of Boolean algebra. Here, we present its first probabilistic treatment. We facilitate scalable sampling-based posterior inference by exploitation of the combinatorial…
Bayesian tree ensemble model for estimating treatment effects in high-dimensional survival data.
problem Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects in censored survival data with many covariates.
method Developed a Bayesian tree ensemble model with a horseshoe prior for adaptive shrinkage.
result Accurately estimates treatment effects in high-dimensional covariate spaces and non-linear functions.
Survival analysis has been developed and applied in the number of areas including manufacturing, finance, economics and healthcare. In healthcare domain, usually clinical data are high-dimensional, sparse and complex and sometimes there exists few amount of time-to-event (labeled) instances. Therefore building an accur…
Copula-based fusion improves breast cancer risk stratification.
problem Combining clinical and genomic risk scores using simple rules fails to capture their joint relationship.
method Used copulas to model the joint relationship between clinical and genomic risk scores.
result Copula-based fusion improves risk stratification, identifying subgroups with the worst prognosis.
Adapts bandit algorithms for online survival analysis under Cox PH model.
problem Online survival analysis challenges in a bandit framework.
method Adapts three bandit algorithms to balance exploration and exploitation.
result Demonstrates sublinear regret bounds and effective learning of treatment policies.
PKB framework boosts genomic data analysis by integrating pathway knowledge.
problem Boosting discovery power and connecting new findings with biological mechanisms in genomic data.
method Pathway-based Kernel Boosting (PKB) framework integrating clinical and pathway information for prediction of various outcomes.
result PKB substantially outperforms other methods in predicting drug response and cancer survival.