Proves existence of at least two minimal spheres in any 3D space.
problem Existence of minimal spheres in arbitrary 3D spaces.
method Iterative relative min-max constructions.
result Proves existence of at least two embedded minimal spheres.
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In this paper, we present an InSphereNet method for the problem of 3D object classification. Unlike previous methods that use points, voxels, or multi-view images as inputs of deep neural network (DNN), the proposed method constructs a class of more representative features named infilling spheres from signed distance f…
New Flat surfaces in math.GT
New flat surfaces found in 3D sphere space.
problem Constructing flat surfaces in 3D sphere.
method Using Ribaucour transformations and flat torus theory.
result Families of complete flat surfaces in determined by parameters.
Homology handles with trivial Alexander polynomial bound a 3D sphere.
problem Understanding when homology handles bound 3D spheres.
method Using Freedman and Quinn's result for -homology 3-spheres.
result A distinguished homology handle with trivial Alexander polynomial bounds a homology .
The paper studies rigidity of sphere packings on 3D manifolds with boundary.
problem Rigidity of sphere packings on 3D manifolds with boundary.
method Introduced generalized Thurston's sphere packings and proved their rigidity properties.
result Generalized Thurston's sphere packings are locally determined by combinatorial scalar curvatures and cannot be deformed while keeping combinatorial Ricci curvatures fixed.
Study of fundamental groups of knotted solenoid complements in 3D sphere.
problem Determining fundamental groups of knotted solenoid complements.
method Using canonical sequence of knot groups and embedding up to mirror reflection.
result Fundamental groups of knotted solenoid complements are solely determined by a sequence of knot groups and embedding up to mirror reflection.
Rigidity and deformation of generalized sphere packings on 3-dimensional manifolds with boundarymath.DG
The paper studies rigid sphere packings on 3D manifolds with boundary.
problem Investigating rigid sphere packings on 3D manifolds with boundary.
method Introducing generalized sphere packings, proving rigidity, introducing combinatorial curvature flows.
result Generalized sphere packing metrics are determined by combinatorial scalar curvature.
Study involutions on 3D small covers, proving quotient spaces are linked 2-spheres.
problem Understanding quotient spaces of 3D small covers by involutions.
method Analyzing quotient spaces and using topological properties.
result Quotient spaces of 3D small covers by involutions are linked 2-spheres.
The paper classifies 3D spherical Sasakian manifolds using geometric and algebraic methods.
problem Classifying 3D spherical Sasakian manifolds with specific properties.
method Establishing correspondence between different sets of parameters and geometrically describing the moduli space.
result Determination of Sasakian automorphism groups and detection of homogeneous Sasakian manifolds.
New shapes enclose less volume than the sphere, surprising in 3D.
problem Finding the minimal volume enclosed by smooth spheres with bounded curvatures.
method Produced a family of bodies parameterized by ε, each bounded by a smooth topological sphere with principal curvatures in [-1, 1].
result The unit sphere does not enclose the minimal volume among all smooth spheres in R^3 with principal curvatures in [-1, 1].
Study investigates induced geometry on surfaces in 3D contact manifolds.
problem Understanding the metric structure on surfaces embedded in 3D contact sub-Riemannian manifolds.
method Defined a coefficient to characterize characteristic points and identified global conditions for finite induced distance.
result Proved induced distance finite for certain surfaces with isolated characteristic points.
Develops Llarull type theorems for 3D and 4D bands with spectral scalar curvature bounds.
problem Bounding scalar curvature and metric on 3D and 4D bands simultaneously.
method Warped -bubble method
result Establishes Llarull type theorems for 3D and 4D bands with spectral scalar curvature bounds.
Study of harmonic Riemannian submersions from 3D geometries.
problem Characterizing harmonic Riemannian submersions from specific 3D geometries.
method Using generalized integrability data and classifications of Thurston's 3D geometries, 3D BCV spaces, and Berger sphere.
result Complete classifications and explicit constructions of harmonic Riemannian submersions.
Solves four problems related to sphere families in 3D space.
problem Four basic problems of sphere families in Euclidean 3-space.
method Solves all four basic problems of sphere families in Euclidean 3-space.
result All four basic problems are solved.
Derives a Hamiltonian model for 3D axially symmetric magnetohydrodynamics.
problem Modeling of 3D axially symmetric magnetohydrodynamics.
method Hamiltonian formulation and matrix discretization.
result First discrete model for 3D magnetohydrodynamics compatible with underlying Lie-Poisson structure.
Paper finds new 3D shapes that can be inside a 4D space.
problem Finding new 3D shapes with specific properties.
method Examined arithmetic hyperbolic 3-manifolds and their homology.
result Discovered infinitely many 3D shapes that are rational homology spheres and can bound geometrically.
Sculptures in S^3math.HO
We construct a number of sculptures, each based on a geometric design native to the three-dimensional sphere. Using stereographic projection we transfer the design from the three-sphere to ordinary Euclidean space. All of the sculptures are then fabricated by the 3D printing service Shapeways.
The study finds an infinite number of minimal surfaces in 3D spheres.
problem Finding minimal surfaces in 3D spheres.
method Two-parameter min-max scheme in lens spaces, Heegaard foliations flipping.
result Constructs an infinite number of minimal surfaces in .
Polyharmonic helicesmath.DG
The paper investigates polyharmonic helices in 3D solvable Lie group Sol_3 and Euclidean spheres.
problem Existence and classification of polyharmonic helices of order r.
method Analytical and geometric approaches, including Lie group theory and Euclidean sphere analysis.
result Complete classification of proper r-harmonic helices in Sol_3 and new examples in Bianchi-Cartan-Vranceanu spaces.
Constructs hyperbolic reflection groups with 3D limit sets.
problem Existence of convex cocompact groups with specific limit sets.
method Inputting a simplicial complex into a construction process yields a hyperbolic reflection group.
result Answers Kapovich's question affirmatively by creating a thin subgroup of an arithmetic lattice.
Study reveals failure of uniqueness in dynamical invariants for 3D volume-preserving diffeomorphisms.
problem Uniqueness of dynamical invariants for 3D volume-preserving diffeomorphisms.
method Examined failure of uniqueness on integral homology spheres and arbitrary three-manifolds using local and global invariants.
result Failure of uniqueness is severe, with continuous and non-constant invariants appearing in -open sets of nonvanishing exact fields of fixed helicity.
A 3d-3d appetizerhep-th
We test the 3d-3d correspondence for theories that are labelled by Lens spaces. We find a full agreement between the index of the 3d "Lens space theory" and the partition function of complex Chern-Simons theory on . In particular, for , we show how the familiar partition func…
The paper studies minimal surfaces in 3D spheres and balls, confirming conjectures and identifying new surfaces.
problem Understanding minimal surfaces in 3D spheres and balls with low area.
method Equivariant optimization of Laplace and Steklov eigenvalues to construct minimal surfaces of prescribed topology.
result Sharp area estimates and varifold limits for minimal surfaces in large topology regimes.
Study biharmonic conformal immersions into a 3D flat space, finding new examples and classifications.
problem Characterize and classify biharmonic conformal immersions into a conformally flat 3-space.
method Characterization of totally umbilical surfaces, method to produce biharmonic immersions, classification of maps, construction of examples.
result Construct many examples of biharmonic conformal immersions, including proper immersions and isometric ones.
Revisits Weyl's problem on isometric immersions of spheres into 3D manifolds.
problem Isometric immersions of S² into 3D Riemannian manifolds with non-negative Gauss curvature.
method Utilizes the framework of J-holomorphic curves developed by Labourie.
result Exhibits a sufficient condition for the existence of global C¹¹ isometric immersions.
New method shows some 3D shapes can't be filled in certain ways.
problem Obstructing Liouville and weak fillability of contact structures.
method Introducing a new method to obstruct fillability.
result Various rational homology 3-spheres admit strongly fillable contact structures without Liouville fillings.
The Green function on spheres in 3D implies the surface is a round sphere.
problem Verifying a conjecture about the Green function on spheres.
method Analyzing the Green function form and its properties on a sphere.
result Closed embedded surfaces with the specified Green function are necessarily round spheres.
One of the main challenges in 3d-3d correspondence is that no existent approach offers a complete description of 3d SCFT --- or, rather, a "collection of SCFTs" as we refer to it in the paper --- for all types of 3-manifolds that include, for example, a 3-torus, Brieskorn spheres, and hyperbolic surgerie…
This paper embeds surfaces in 3D spheres and balls with minimal area.
problem Embed surfaces with boundary in as minimal surfaces.
method Optimizing Laplace and Steklov eigenvalues with symmetry groups.
result Proves existence of minimal surfaces in with area below .
New minimal surfaces found in 3D sphere with low genus.
problem Finding minimal surfaces in 3D sphere with low genus.
method Equivariant min-max procedure applied to a novel sweepout.
result Discovered new minimal surfaces with low genus.
A curve of minimum length to enclose a unit sphere in 3D is at least 4π.
problem Finding the shortest closed curve that encloses a unit sphere within its convex hull.
method Analyzing the geometric properties and using convex hull concepts.
result The minimum length of such a curve is 4π in 3D, with equality in a specific case.
Paper classifies ancient solutions to 3D Ricci flow.
problem Classifying ancient solutions to 3D Ricci flow.
method Proves uniqueness of solutions based on classification criteria.
result Ancient solutions are either shrinking spheres or Perelman's Type II solutions.
Proves a theorem for comparing surfaces in 3D space.
problem Comparing isotopy classes of compact surfaces in 3-sphere.
method Uses rectangular diagrams to formalize and compare surfaces.
result Proves a Reidemeister type theorem for rectangular diagrams of surfaces.
The paper offers new methods to determine if certain 3D links can be formed by intersecting spheres in 4D space.
problem Determining if a 3D link can be formed by intersecting spheres in 4D space.
method Using obstructions from multivariable signature, Blanchfield form, and generalised Seifert matrices.
result Provides lower bounds on the doubly slice genus of links.
The study characterizes constant curvature manifolds using ruled surfaces.
problem Characterizing manifolds of constant curvature using ruled surfaces.
method Investigating ruled surfaces in 3d Riemannian manifolds, finding stiction curve, distribution parameter, and fundamental forms.
result Identifies necessary and sufficient conditions for extrinsically flat surfaces to be ruled and proves manifold properties.
We describe rules for building 2d theories labeled by 4-manifolds. Using the proposed dictionary between building blocks of 4-manifolds and 2d N=(0,2) theories, we obtain a number of results, which include new 3d N=2 theories T[M_3] associated with rational homology spheres and new results for Vafa-Witten partition fun…
We determine the minimum number of vertices needed to provide balanced triangulations of -bundles over . If is odd and the bundle is orientable, or is even and the bundle is non-orientable, the minimum number of vertices is ; otherwise, it is . Similar results apply to al…
A neural flow method minimizes Willmore energy for 2-surfaces in 3D space.
problem Minimizing Willmore energy for closed oriented 2-surfaces in 3D space.
method Introducing neural Willmore flow to model and minimize the Willmore energy using neural architectures.
result The neural flow reproduces expected round sphere and Clifford torus for genus 0 and 1 surfaces, respectively, and finds minimal Willmore surfaces for genus 2.
New 3D handlebodies in 4-sphere and 5-ball are not isotopic even with same boundary.
problem Existence of non-isotopic handlebodies with identical boundary.
method Construction of specific genus-g handlebodies in and .
result Proves Budney-Gabai conjecture for genus at least 2.
3D RadViz improves 3D data visualization of multidimensional datasets.
problem Tackles the challenge of visualizing multidimensional datasets in 3D.
method Develops RadViz3D, a 3D radial visualization tool with uniform anchor points.
result Improves the display of multidimensional datasets, especially for uncorrelated variables.
New spheres can split a 4D link in ways not possible in 3D.
problem Exploring how splitting spheres behave in 4D space.
method Constructing specific 2-component surface-links in .
result Found non-isotopic splitting spheres in .
Refines knot defect measurement in 3D and 4D.
problem Measuring how far knots are from being alternating.
method Extends spanning surface defect to 4-ball, making comparisons and proving formulas.
result Connected sum formula proven.
New homology from 3D cobordism to integers.
problem Understanding 4-manifolds with boundary and their homology.
method Instanton homology with coefficients.
result Found a non-linear homomorphism with bounds on 4-manifolds.
The investigation of 3D euclidean symmetry sets (SS) and medial axis is an important area, due in particular to their various important applications. The pre-symmetry set of a surface M in 3-space (resp. smooth closed curve in 2D) is the set of pairs of points which contribute to the symmetry set, that is, the closure …
3D spheres with certain properties approach the round sphere.
problem Flexibility of Llarull's Theorem in dimension 3.
method Proof based on spacetime harmonic functions.
result 3D spheres with bounded Cheeger isoperimetric constant and scalar curvatures tending to 6 approach the round sphere.
Study on surfaces of genus g≥1 in 3D contact sub-Riemannian manifolds, proving finiteness or infiniteness of induced distance.
problem Determining the finiteness of the induced distance on surfaces of genus g≥1 in 3D contact sub-Riemannian manifolds.
method Analyzing the structural stability of the finiteness/not-finiteness of the induced distance on closed surfaces of genus g≥1.
result Closed surfaces of genus g≥1 can be embedded in such a way that the induced distance is either always finite or always infinite.
New surgeries found in 3D shapes without 2-spheres.
problem Finding non-hyperbolic surgeries in 3-manifolds.
method Combining work on hyperbolic knots and 3-manifolds with observations about surgeries.
result Every 3-manifold with certain properties contains a hyperbolic knot with a non-trivial surgery.
A new method calculates the minimum volume swept by a sphere's homotopy in 3D space.
problem Finding the minimum volume swept by a sphere's homotopy in 3D space.
method Cable system approach to define and compute cable indices.
result A linear-time algorithm computes all cable indices and achieves the lower bound for the swept volume.