The author, in her previous paper, constructed an infinite family of 3-bridge links each of which admits infinitely many 3-bridge spheres up to isotopy. In this paper, we prove that if a prime, unsplittable link in admits infinitely many 3-bridge spheres up to isotopy then belongs to the family.
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48 results for “3-bridge links”
We introduce the Schubert form a -bridge link diagram, as a generalization of the Schubert normal form of a -bridge link. It consists of a set of six positive integers, written as , with some conditions and it is based on the concept of -butterfly. Using the Schubert normal form of …
In this paper, we give an isotopy classification of 3-bridge spheres of 3-bridge arborescent links, which are not Montesinos links. To this end, we prove a certain refinement of a theorem of J.S. Birman and H.M. Hilden on the relation between bridge presentations of links and Heegaard splittings of 3-manifolds. In the …
In this paper, we characterize closed incompressible surfaces of genus two in the complements of 3-bridge knots and links. This characterization includes that of essential 2-string tangle decompositions for 3-bridge knots and links.
Method determines trace-free SL(2,C) reps for arborescent links.
problem Classifying trace-free representations of arborescent links.
method Completely determines trace-free -representations for arborescent links.
result Concrete computations for a class of 3-bridge arborescent links.
We analyze the orbifolds that can be obtained as quotients of hyperbolic 3-manifolds admitting a Heegaard splitting of genus two by their orientation preserving isometry groups. The genus two hyperbolic 3-manifolds are exactly the hyperbolic 2-fold branched coverings of 3-bridge links. If the 3-bridge link is a knot, w…
We prove that links with meridional rank 3 whose 2-fold branched covers are graph manifolds are 3-bridge links. This gives a partial answer to a question by S. Cappell and J. Shaneson on the relation between the bridge numbers and meridional ranks of links. To prove this, we also show that the meridional rank of any sa…
Contractibility of unknot's weak reducing disks shown.
problem Contractibility of unknot's weak reducing disks in 3-bridge position.
method Analysis of weak reducing disks in 3-bridge position.
result Complex of weak reducing disks for the unknot in 3-bridge position is contractible.
We study the concept of the fourth skein module of 3-manifolds, that is a skein module based on the skein relation b_0L_0 + b_1L_1 + b_2L_2 + b_3L_3 = 0 and a framing relation L^{(1)} = aL, where a, b_0, b_3 are invertible. We introdule the concept of n-algebraic tangles (and links) and analyze the skein module for 3-a…
We consider closed acylindrical surfaces in 3-manifolds and in knot and link complements, and show that the genus of these surfaces is bounded linearly by the number of tetrahedra in the triangulation of the manifold and by the number of rational (or alternating) tangles in a projection of a link (or knot). For each g …
This work presents formulas for the Kauffman bracket and Jones polynomials of 3-bridge knots using the structure of Chebyshev knots and their billiard table diagrams. In particular, these give far fewer terms than in the Skein relation expansion. The subject is introduced by considering the easier case of 2-bridge knot…
Simpler method detects trivial rational 3-tangle.
problem Detecting trivial rational 3-tangle.
method Bridge arc replacement method.
result Simpler method detects trivial rational 3-tangle.
We show that there exists an infinite family of knots, each of which has, for each integer k>=0, a destabilized (2k+5)-bridge sphere. We also show that, for each integer n>=4, there exists a knot with a destabilized 3-bridge sphere and a destabilized n-bridge sphere.
In this paper, I give a method to calculate the HOMFLY polynomials of knots by using a representation of the braid group B4 into a group of 3 ? 3 matrices. Also, I will give examples of a 2-bridge knot and a 3-bridge knot that have the same Jone polynomial, but different HOMFLY polynomials.
Study knot contact homology and character varieties to prove a conjecture about knots.
problem Relate knot contact homology to character varieties of branched covers.
method Study trace-free characters of knot groups and their connection to character varieties.
result Prove Ng's conjecture for 2-bridge and 3-bridge knots using ghost characters.
In this paper, we define the rectangle condition on the bridge sphere for a -bridge decomposition of a knot whose definition is analogous to the definition of the rectangle condition for Heegaard splittings of -manifolds. We show that the satisfaction of the rectangle condition for a -bridge decomposition can …
We study certain linear representations of the knot group that induce augmentations of knot contact homology. This perspective on augmentations enhances our understanding of the relationship between the augmentation polynomial and the A-polynomial of the knot. For example, we show that for 2-bridge knots the polynomial…
Torus knots and provide counterexamples to a conjecture about knot contact homology.
problem Ng's conjecture about isomorphism between knot contact homology and character variety fails for certain torus knots.
method Demonstrated through the construction of ghost characters for specific torus knots.
result Counterexamples to Ng's conjecture for and torus knots.
Paper finds a counterexample showing rectangle condition doesn't detect strong irreducibility.
problem Detecting strong irreducibility from the rectangle condition.
method Constructing a double branched cover of a knot in S^3.
result Found a genus 2 Heegaard splitting that is strongly irreducible but fails rectangle condition.
The paper calculates actions of string link operations for 4- and 5-component links.
problem Classifying link-homotopy classes of string links.
method Explicit calculation of actions of partial conjugations and conjugations for 4- and 5-component string links.
result Presentations of link-homotopy classes for 4- and 5-component links.
Chainmail links and L-spacesmath.GT
Study proves chainmail links are L-space links.
problem Understanding L-space links in chainmail links.
method Inspired by alternating links, uses flat augmentation.
result Proves alternating chainmail links are L-space links.
New findings on T-links derived from torus links.
problem Difficulty in determining geometric type of T-links.
method Examined T-links obtained by full twists along torus links.
result T-links obtained by full twists are not torus links.
Paper discusses when virtual links are equivalent as twisted links.
problem Determining equivalence of virtual links as twisted links.
method Using stable equivalence classes of links in oriented thickenings of surfaces.
result Necessary and sufficient condition for virtual links to be equivalent as twisted links.
Abstract lists known link diagrams for all principal congruence link complements.
problem Identifying all known link diagrams for principal congruence link complements.
method Compilation of known link diagrams.
result Compilation of known link diagrams for principal congruence link complements.
Classifies colored links and spatial graphs up to colored link-homotopy.
problem Classifying colored links and spatial graphs up to colored link-homotopy.
method Using Habegger-Lin theory for colored string links, and extending to colored links and spatial graphs.
result Classification of colored links and spatial graphs up to colored link-homotopy.
Paper finds linking numbers for Montesinos links using a simple algorithm.
problem Calculating linking numbers for Montesinos links.
method Simple proof and numerical algorithm for rational links, extending to Montesinos links.
result Linking numbers found for any two components in Montesinos links.
We define and prove properties of link lattice complexes for plumbed links.
problem Understanding the homology and formality of plumbed L-space links.
method Define and analyze link lattice complexes, proving homotopy equivalence and formality properties.
result Link lattice complexes are homotopy equivalent to link Floer complexes for plumbed links.
Lorenz links, T-links, Minimal Braids, Positive braids with a full twist, and Geometric Typesmath.GT
Study of Lorenz links and T-links, showing equivalence and unique presentations.
problem Understanding equivalence and uniqueness of T-link presentations for Lorenz links.
method Minimal-braid approach, V-link braids, T-link parameters, geometric type criteria.
result Explicit correspondence between V-links and T-links, criteria for equivalence and uniqueness.
Paper proves Reshetikhin-Turaev link invariants appear in higher order terms of re-normalized link invariants for plumbed links.
problem Proving relations between Reshetikhin-Turaev and re-normalized link invariants for links.
method Analyzing higher order terms of re-normalized link invariants for plumbed links.
result Reshetikhin-Turaev link invariants appear in higher order terms of re-normalized link invariants for plumbed links.
Method converts virtual link diagrams to normal form, preserving equivalence.
problem Normalizing virtual link diagrams to study their properties.
method Method converts virtual link diagrams to normal form.
result Normal virtual link diagrams from equivalent diagrams are equivalent.
New method classifies 4-component link homotopy using claspers.
problem Classifying link-homotopy classes of 4-component links.
method Using Habiro's clasper theory to modify Levine's algebraic computations.
result More symmetrical and schematic classification of 4-component link homotopy.
Extends positive and almost positive links to successively almost positive ones.
problem Extending properties of positive and almost positive diagrams and links.
method Introducing successively almost positive diagrams and links, and analyzing their properties.
result Improves known results of positive and almost positive links.
Study of knots and links in 2-complexes, defining linking numbers and polynomials.
problem Understanding knots and links in 2-dimensional complexes.
method Definition of linking numbers and Kauffman-type bracket polynomials for links in 2-complexes.
result Established relationships between 2-complexes and knots/links in 3-manifolds.
Generalizes ribbonness result for surface-links.
problem Characterizing ribbon surface-links.
method Analyzes handle-irreducible summands and uses equivalences.
result Every stable-ribbon surface-link is a ribbon surface-link.
We generalized the periodic links to \emph{transitive} links in a -manifold . We find a complete classification theorem of transitive links in a -dimensional sphere . We study these links from several different aspects including polynomial invariants using the relation between link polynomials of…
On T-positive linksmath.GT
Characterizes a subset of links using quasipositive and homogeneous properties.
problem Understanding the properties of T-positive links.
method Characterization through strongly quasipositive and T-homogeneous braids.
result T-positive links are precisely the strongly quasipositive links that are closures of T-homogeneous braids.
Study links' flat-virtual diagrams to create link invariants.
problem Equivalence and invariants of flat-virtual diagrams.
method Maps from links in thickened surfaces to flat-virtual links.
result Investigation of flat-virtual diagrams' equivalence and invariants.
Study maps on link Floer homology for unoriented link cobordisms.
problem Defining maps on link Floer homology induced by unoriented link cobordisms.
method Introduced disoriented link cobordism to track critical points, constructed a map on unoriented link Floer homology.
result Comparison with existing constructions for unoriented band moves.
New link invariants from diagram colorings match link widths.
problem Defining link widths via diagram colorings.
method Colorings of link diagrams to define invariants and prove their equivalence to link widths.
result Invariants of link widths calculated algorithmically.
Innovates a three-component link homotopy invariant.
problem Classifying three-component link maps up to homotopy.
method Developed tools and invariants for distinguishing three-component link maps.
result Found three-component link maps that are not homotopic.
Enhanced Alexander module detects linking numbers in links.
problem Detecting linking numbers in links using Alexander modules.
method Defining and singling out meridians and longitudes in reduced Alexander modules.
result The enhanced Alexander module determines all linking numbers.
String links classified up to -moves and link-homotopy.
problem Classifying string links up to specific moves and link-homotopy.
method Using Milnor link-homotopy invariants and -moves.
result Equivalence classes of string links form a finite group.
The paper uses Heegaard Floer homology to find lower bounds on link genera.
problem Finding lower bounds on the 4-genus of links with vanishing pairwise linking numbers.
method Using the h-function from Heegaard Floer homology to describe genera of surfaces bounded by link components.
result The h-function provides lower bounds for the 4-genus of links, and these bounds are sharp for some L-space links.
Study shows hyperbolic links are not common among prime links.
problem Understanding the prevalence of hyperbolic links among prime links.
method Analyzing satellite and prime non-split links of varying complexity.
result The proportion of hyperbolic links among all prime non-split links does not approach 1 as complexity increases.
Signatures of covering linksmath.GT
The theory of signature invariants of links in rational homology spheres is applied to covering links of homology boundary links. From patterns and Seifert matrices of homology boundary links, an explicit formula is derived to compute signature invariants of their covering links. Using the formula, we produce fused bou…
The paper classifies links up to link-homotopy using claspers.
problem Classifying links up to link-homotopy.
method Using Habiro's clasper calculus, defining a linear representation of the homotopy braid group, and providing a geometric proof.
result Geometric proof of Levine's classification of 4-component links and further classification of 5-component links in the algebraically split case.
New proof of link classification using map invariants.
problem Classifying two-component links in and string links.
method Invariants of link maps and their variations.
result New proof of Nakanishi-Ohyama classification for two-component links.
New methods show hyperbolicity of Brunnian links.
problem Determining hyperbolicity of Brunnian links.
method Geometric/combinatorial topology techniques applied to links with at least one unknotted component.
result Determine hyperbolicity for all Brunnian links.