A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.
The study enumerates virtual quandles up to isomorphism.
A new invariant for links in lens spaces with advantages over traditional methods.
Study algebraic invariants of multi-virtual links.
Constructs the medial quandle from link's peripheral structure.
This paper establishes a correspondence between biquandle and quandle colorings for classical and surface links.
New invariant for virtual links using multi-switches and algebraic systems.
Non-classical virtual knots may have non-isomorphic upper and lower quandles. We exploit this property to define the quandle difference invariant, which can detect non-classicality by comparing the numbers of homomorphisms into a finite quandle from a virtual knot's upper and lower quandles. The invariants for small-or…
The paper introduces derivations for quandles and their properties.
We define enhanced presentations of quandles via generators and relations with additional information comprising signed operations and an order structure on the set of generators. Such a presentation determines a virtual link diagram up to virtual moves. We list formal Reidemeister moves in which Tietze moves on the pr…
Classifies orbits of Hurwitz actions on dihedral quandles.
New invariant connects virtual and classical linking numbers.
New invariants defined for knots and links using quandle representations.
Lower bounds of betti numbers for homology groups of racks and quandles will be given using the quotient homomorphism to the orbit quandles. Exact sequences relating various types of homology groups are analyzed. Geometric methods of proving non-triviality of cohomology groups are also given, using virtual knots. The r…
New invariant for virtual n-links defined and studied.
Enhances knot invariants using bilinear forms on vector spaces.
We define new invariants of knots by means of quandle colorings and longitudinal information. These invariants can be applied to a tangle embedding problem and recognizing non-classical virtual knots.
Joyce has shown that the fundamental quandle of a classical knot can be derived from consideration of the fundamental group and the peripheral structure of the knot, and also that the group and much of the peripheral structure can be recovered from the quandle. We generalize these results to arbitrary dimensions, and a…
New polynomial invariants from quandle action quivers.
Virtual quandles with two operations are discussed in the article. Certain knot invariant is constructed and used to distinguish two long virtual knots.
New polynomial invariants for knots and links from quandle coloring quiver decategorification.
New coloring method limits moves needed between virtual-link diagrams.
Defined by Joyce and Matveev, the fundamental quandle is a complete invariant of oriented classical knots. We consider invariants of knots defined from quotients of the fundamental quandle. In particular, we introduce the fundamental Latin Alexander quandle of a knot and consider its Gröbner basis-valued invariants, wh…
The paper explores constructions and symmetries of biquandles from groups and quandles.
Quandle 2-cocycles define invariants of classical and virtual knots, and extensions of quandles. We show that the quandle 2-cocycle invariant with respect to a non-trivial -cocycle is constant, or takes some other restricted form, for classical knots when the corresponding extensions satisfy certain algebraic condit…
Zh-construction links virtual links to classical ones, simplifying knot invariants.
We describe a way of representing finite biquandles with n elements as 2n x 2n block matrices. Any finite biquandle defines an invariant of virtual knots through counting homomorphisms. The counting invariants of non-quandle biquandles can reveal information not present in the knot quandle, such as the non-triviality o…
This paper studies an algebraic invariant of virtual knots called the biquandle. The biquandle generalizes the fundamental group and the quandle of virtual knots. The approach taken in this paper to the biquandle emphasizes understanding its structure in terms of compositions of morphisms, where elementary morphisms ar…
In this paper we study the chord index of virtual knots, which can be thought of as an extension of the chord parity. We show how to use the chord index to define finite type invariants of virtual knots. The notions of indexed Jones polynomial and indexed quandle are introduced, which generalize the classical Jones pol…
The paper introduces a semiquandle for flat virtual knots and connects it to u-polynomials.
New invariant measures how many twists are needed to unknot welded knots.
Virtual knot theory is a generalization (discovered by the author in 1996) of knot theory to the study of all oriented Gauss codes. (Classical knot theory is a study of planar Gauss codes.) Graph theory studies non-planar graphs via graphical diagrams with virtual crossings. Virtual knot theory studies non-planar Gauss…
We introduce two kinds of structures, called v-structures and t-structures, on biquandles. These structures are used for colorings of diagrams of virtual links and twisted links such that the numbers of colorings are invariants. Given a biquandle or a quandle, we give a method of constructing a biquandle with these str…
New unitary representations for Thompson's group V and virtual links.
In the present paper, we describe new approaches for constructing virtual knot invariants. The main background of this paper comes from formulating and bringing together the ideas of biquandle (Kauffman and Radford) the virtual quandle (Manturov), the ideas of quaternion biquandles by Roger Fenn and Andrew Bartholomew,…
Enhances psyquandle invariants for singular and pseudoknots.
Wirtinger number equals virtual bridge number for virtual links.
A new quantum invariant for virtual knots and links.
New quantum invariants for knots and links using biquandle virtual brackets.
We define a generalization of virtual links to arbitrary dimensions by extending the geometric definition due to Carter et al. We show that many homotopy type invariants for classical links extend to invariants of virtual links. We also define generalizations of virtual link diagrams and Gauss codes to represent virtua…
We define invariants of unoriented knots and links by enhancing the integral kei counting invariant Phi_X^Z (K) for a finite kei X using representations of the kei algebra, Z_K[X], a quotient of the quandle algebra Z[X] defined by Andruskiewitsch and Grana. We give an example that demonstrates that the enhanced invaria…
Parallelization technique for welded links preserves equivalence and yields specific decompositions.
In this paper we give the results of a computer search for biracks of small size and we give various interpretations of these findings. The list includes biquandles, racks and quandles together with new invariants of welded knots and examples of welded knots which are shown to be non-trivial by the new invariants. Thes…
This paper discusses the construction of a generalized Alexander polynomial for virtual knots and links, and the reformulation of this invariant as a quantum link invariant. The algebraic background for the generalized Alexander module is formulated in terms of the biquandle, a generalization of the quandle of David Jo…
In this paper we give the results of a computer search for biracks of small size and we give various interpretations of these findings. The list includes biquandles, racks and quandles together with new invariants of welded knots and examples of welded knots which are shown to be non-trivial by the new invariants. Thes…
We define a group-valued invariant of virtual knots and relate it to various other group-valued invariants of virtual knots, including the extended group of Silver-Williams and the quandle group of Manturov and Bardakov-Bellingeri. A virtual knot is called almost classical if it admits a diagram with an Alexander numbe…
Study of quandle coloring quivers with dihedral quandles.
The paper explores idempotents in quandle rings and their connections to quandle coverings.
Paper studies embedding conditions for homogeneous quandles.