arXiv research

Unique surgery descriptions found for knots in 3-manifolds.

We consider compact noncollapsed ancient solutions to the 3-dimensional Ricci flow that are rotationally and reflection symmetric. We prove that these solutions are either the spheres or they all have unique asymptotic behavior as $t\to-\infty$ and we give their precise asymptotic description. This description applies …

The aim of this paper is to propose an unambiguous intrinsic formalism for higher-order field theories which avoids the arbitrariness in the generalization of the conventional description of field theories, which implies the existence of different Cartan forms and Legendre transformations. We propose a differential-geo…

It is proved that the set of geodesic circles in two dimensions may be given a variational description and the explicit form of it is presented. In the limit case of the Euclidean geometry a certain claim of uniqueness of such description is proved. A formal notion of 'spin' force is discovered as a by-product of the v…

4-manifolds can be uniquely described as loops of Morse functions.

The aim of this note is to give an explicit description of quasi-Einstein metrics on $\Bbb{H}^{n}\times \Bbb{R}.$ We shall construct two examples of quasi-Einstein metrics on this manifold and then we shall prove the uniqueness of these examples. Finally, we shall describe the closed relation between quasi-Einstein met…

We study the compact noncollapsed ancient convex solutions to Mean Curvature Flow in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ with $O(1)\times O(n)$ symmetry. We show they all have unique asymptotics as $t\to -\infty$ and we give precise asymptotic description of these solutions. In particular, solutions constructed by White, and Haslhofer …

We study Cheeger-Simons differential characters and provide geometric descriptions of the ring structure and of the fiber integration map. The uniqueness of differential cohomology (up to unique natural transformation) is proved by deriving an explicit formula for any natural transformation between a differential cohom…

In this note we introduce the concept of F-algebroid, and give its elementary properties and some examples. We provide a description of the almost duality for Frobenius manifolds, introduced by Dubrovin, in terms of a composition of two anchor maps of a unique cotangent F-algebroid.

We extend the notion of multi-moment map to geometries defined by closed forms of arbitrary degree. We give fundamental existence and uniqueness results and discuss a number of essential examples, including geometries related to special holonomy. For forms of degree four, multi-moment maps are guaranteed to exist and a…

Reformulated Markov's conjecture in combinatorial terms.

Several new combinatorial descriptions of closed 4-manifolds have recently been introduced in the study of smooth maps from 4-manifolds to surfaces. These descriptions consist of simple closed curves in a closed, orientable surface and these curves appear as so called vanishing sets of corresponding maps. In the presen…

In this note, using the spinorial description of $SU(3)$ and $G_2$-structures obtained recently by other authors, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for harmonicity of above mentioned structures. We describe obtained results on appropriate homogeneous spaces. Here, harmonicity means harmonicity of the unique s…

We give a complete description of exceptional surgeries on pretzel knots of type $(-2, p, p)$ with $p \ge 5$. It is known that such a knot admits a unique toroidal surgery yielding a toroidal manifold with a unique incompressible torus. By cutting along the torus, we obtain two connected components, one of which is a t…

New proof shows unique symplectic fillings for certain surface singularity links.

This paper solves the structure of link concordance groups, proving they are infinitely generated.

Milnor proved two uniqueness theorems for axiomatic (co)homology: one for pairs of compacta (1960) and another, in particular, for pairs of countable simplicial complexes (1961). We obtain their common generalization: the Eilenberg-Steenrod axioms along with Milnor's map excision axiom and a (non-obvious) common genera…

We establish a bijective correspondence between affine connections and a class of semi-holonomic jets of local diffeomorphisms of the underlying manifold called symmetry jets in the text. The symmetry jet corresponding to a torsion free connection consists in the family of $2$-jets of the geodesic symmetries. Conversel…

Paper proves uniqueness of bridge multisections for surfaces in 4-space.

We investigate the operation of torus surgery on tori embedded in $S^4$. Key questions include which 4-manifolds can be obtained in this way, and the uniqueness of such descriptions. As an application we construct embeddings of 3-manifolds into 4-manifolds by viewing Dehn surgery as a cross section of a surgery on a su…

Let $\,Ξ\,$ be the crown domain associated with a non-compact irreducible hermitian symmetric space $\,G/K$. We give an explicit description of the unique $\,G$-invariant adapted hyper-Kähler structure on $\,Ξ$,$\$i.$\,$e.$\$compatible with the adapted complex structure $\,J_{ad}\,$ and with the $\,G$-invariant Kähle…

The contraction of the image of the Johnson homomorphism is called the Chillingworth class. In this paper, we derive a combinatorial description of the Chillingworth class for Putman's subsurface Torelli groups. We also prove the naturality and uniqueness properties of the map whose image is the dual of the Chillingwor…

We study embedded spheres in 4-manifolds (2-knots) via doubly pointed trisection diagrams, showing that such descriptions are unique up to stabilization and handleslides, and we describe how to obtain trisection diagrams for certain cut-and-paste operations along 2-knots directly from doubly pointed trisection diagrams…

In this paper, we investigate the structure of the Gardiner-Masur boundary of Teichmuller space. Indeed, we will give a geometric description of boundary comparing to the Duchin-Leininger-Rafi compactification of the space of singular flat structures. We will obtain the coincidence between the Gardiner-Masur boundary a…

Each sub-Riemannian geometry with bracket generating distribution enjoys a background structure determined by the distribution itself. At the same time, those geometries with constant sub-Riemannian symbols determine a unique Cartan connection leading to their principal invariants. We provide cohomological description …

The paper challenges the assumption of a unique global time in financial markets, highlighting market incompleteness.

Reconstructs Riemannian geometry from diffusion properties.

The geometrical structures (in the sense of E. Cartan) are analyzed which underlie the gravitational radiation phenomenon. Among the results are : - the introduction of the adapted frame bundle to a congruence of isotropic hypersurfaces in a Lorentzian manifold, - the description of the reduced frame bundle which admit…

In this article we present a finite generating set $G_2$ of $\mathcal{H}_2$, the genus-2 Goeritz group of $S^3$, in terms of Dehn twists about certain simple closed curves on the standard Heegaard surface. We present an algorithm that describes an element $ψ\in\mathcal{H}_2$ as a word in the alphabet of $G_2$ in a cert…

Geometrically describes pseudo-gauge freedom in relativistic hydrodynamics.

The purpose of this article is to study the existence and uniqueness of quasi-Einstein structures on $3$-dimensional homogeneous Riemannian manifolds. To this end, we use the eight model geometries for 3-dimensional manifolds identified by Thurston. First, we present here a complete description of quasi-Einstein metric…

We define parametrized cobordism categories and study their formal properties as bivariant theories. Bivariant transformations to a strongly excisive bivariant theory give rise to characteristic classes of smooth bundles with strong additivity properties. In the case of cobordisms between manifolds with boundary, we pr…

The structure of a Bayesian network encodes most of the information about the probability distribution of the data, which is uniquely identified given some general distributional assumptions. Therefore it's important to study the variability of its network structure, which can be used to compare the performance of diff…

This paper studies spectral properties of spheres with one equator.

Geometrically describes Satake compactifications without root data.

We consider here a Fokker--Planck equation with variable coefficient of diffusion which appears in the modeling of the wealth distribution in a multi-agent society. At difference with previous studies, to describe a society in which agents can have debts, we allow the wealth variable to be negative. It is shown that, e…

We discuss the geometry of the c-map from projective special Kähler to quaternionic Kähler manifolds using the twist construction to provide a global approach to Hitchin's description. As found by Alexandrov et al. and Alekseevsky et al. this is related to the quaternionic flip of Haydys. We prove uniqueness statements…

Literary critics often attempt to uncover meaning in a single work of literature through careful reading and analysis. Applying natural language processing methods to aid in such literary analyses remains a challenge in digital humanities. While most previous work focuses on "distant reading" by algorithmically discove…

We consider a singular control problem with regime switching that arises in problems of optimal investment decisions of cash-constrained firms. The value function is proved to be the unique viscosity solution of the associated Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. Moreover, we give regularity properties of the value functi…

We apply G. Prasad's volume formula for the arithmetic quotients of semi-simple groups and Bruhat-Tits theory to study the covolumes of arithmetic subgroups of SO(1,n). As a result we prove that for any even dimension n there exists a unique compact arithmetic hyperbolic n-orbifold of the smallest volume. We give a for…

We give a covariant realization of the doubled sigma-model formulation of duality-symmetric string theory within the general framework of para-Hermitian geometry. We define a notion of generalized metric on a para-Hermitian manifold and discuss its relation to Born geometry. We show that a Born geometry uniquely define…

In real algebraic geometry, Lojasiewicz's theorem asserts that any integral curve of the gradient flow of an analytic function that has an accumulation point has a unique limit. Lojasiewicz proved this result in the early 1960s as a consequence of his gradient inequality. Many problems in calculus of variations are que…

In this paper, the singular-value decomposition theory of complex matrices is explored to study constantly curved 2-spheres minimal in both $\mathbb{C}P^n$ and the hyperquadric of $\mathbb{C}P^n$. The moduli space of all those noncongruent ones is introduced, which can be described by certain complex symmetric matrices…

Is it true that patients with similar conditions get similar diagnoses? In this paper we show NLP methods and a unique corpus of documents to validate this claim. We (1) introduce a method for representation of medical visits based on free-text descriptions recorded by doctors, (2) introduce a new method for clustering…

The target space of a (4,0) supersymmetric two-dimensional sigma model with Wess-Zumino term has a connection with totally skew-symmetric torsion and holonomy contained in Sp(n).Sp(1), QKT-connection. We study the geometry of QKT-connections. We find conditions to the existence of a QKT-connection and prove that if it …

It has been known for a while that the effective geometrical description of compactified strings on $d$-dimensional target spaces implies a generalization of geometry with a doubling of the sets of tangent space directions. This generalized geometry involves an $O(d,d)$ pairing $η$ and an $O(2d)$ generalized metric $\m…

The article describes how decorations on hyperbolic surfaces lead to unique tessellations and decompositions.

Study Kodaira dimensions on almost complex manifolds, proving integrability and structural descriptions.