arXiv research

For the convenience of readers of the article {\em No-arbitrage pricing under systemic risk: accounting for cross-ownership} (Fischer, 2012, arXiv:1005.0768), a full proof of Lemma A.5 and a shorter proof of Lemma A.6 of that paper are provided.

Simplified proof for a theorem about graphs.

Proof of Gromov's conjecture in 3D simplifies existing methods.

We give a shorter and simpler proof of the result of [2], which gives a necessary and sufficient condition for when a lattice diagram is the projection of a lattice link.

Alternative proof of Alexander polynomial trapezoid conjecture using dimers.

We present a new and shorter proof of Stocking's result that any strongly irreducible Heegaard surface of a closed orientable triangulated 3-manifold is isotopic to an almost normal surface. We also re-prove a result of Jaco and Rubinstein on normal spheres. Both proofs are based on the "reduction" technique introduced…

A simpler proof for apex graphs in McCarty and Thomas' conjecture.

We give a shorter proof of the existence of nontrivial closed minimal hypersurfaces in closed smooth $(n+1)$--dimensional Riemannian manifolds, a theorem proved first by Pitts for $2\leq n\leq 5$ and extended later by Schoen and Simon to any $n$.

This note (originally from 2015) provides a proof of a 1985 conjecture of Montiel and Ros concerning the conformal volume of tori. This updated version adds a proof of the claim made in Remark 5 about the value of the conformal volume of tori in the cases not covered by the conjecture of Montiel and Ros. Originally, I …

New, shorter proofs for varifolds and flows with improved decay of flatness.

We give a shorter proof of the following theorem of Kathryn Mann \cite{M}: the identity component of the group of the compactly supported $C^r$ diffeomorphisms of $\R^n$ cannot admit a nontrivial $C^p$-action on $S^1$, provided $n\geq2$, $r\neq n+1$ and $p\geq2$. We also give a new proof of another theorem of Mann: any…

We show that a real Kähler submanifold in codimension $6$ is essentially a holomorphic submanifold of another real Kähler submanifold in lower codimension if the second fundamental form is not sufficiently degenerated. We also give a shorter proof of this result when the real Kähler submanifold is minimal, using recent…

We revisit the linearization theorems for proper Lie groupoids around general orbits (statements and proofs). In the the fixed point case (known as Zung's theorem) we give a shorter and more geometric proof, based on a Moser deformation argument. The passing to general orbits (Weinstein) is given a more conceptual inte…

For n > 2, the Dehn functions of Aut(F_n) and Out(F_n) are exponential. Hatcher and Vogtmann proved that they are at most exponential, and the complementary lower bound in the case n=3 was established by Bridson and Vogtmann. Handel and Mosher completed the proof by reducing the lower bound for n>4 to the case n=3. In …

New proof shows special surfaces have finite type.

We establish certain Gaussian type upper bound for the heat kernel of the conjugate heat equation associated with 3 dimensional ancient $κ$ solutions to the Ricci flow. As an application, using the $W$ entropy associated with the heat kernel, we give a different and shorter proof of Perelman's classification of backwar…

In this note we prove that the Borel class of representations of 3-manifold groups to PGL(n,C) is preserved under Cartan involution up to sign. For representations to PGL(3,C) this is implied by a more general result of E. Falbel and Q. Wang, however our proof appears to be much shorter for that special case.

This is the last of a series of three papers in which we give a new, shorter proof of a slightly improved version of Almgren's partial regularity of area minimizing currents in Riemannian manifolds. Here we perform a blow-up analysis deducing the regularity of area minimizing currents from that of Dir-minimizing multip…

Shorter proof for wave front length in Euclidean disk

It is proved that the K_0-group of a cluster C*-algebra is isomorphic to the corresponding cluster algebra. As a corollary, one gets a shorter proof of the positivity conjecture for cluster algebras. As an example, we consider a cluster C*-algebra A(1,1) coming from triangulation of an annulus with one marked point on …

A simpler proof shows $L^2$-metric completion is CAT(0).

We prove that the filling order is quadratic for a large class of solvable groups and asymptotically quadratic for all Q-rank one lattices in semisimple groups of R-rank at least 3. As a byproduct of auxiliary results we give a shorter proof of the theorem on the nondistorsion of horospheres providing also an estimate …

A 2018 paper by A. Levine and T. Lidman outlines a proof of the following interesting result in topology of manifolds: there is a compact smooth 4-manifold $W$ with boundary such that $W$ is homotopy equivalent to $S^2$ but there does not exist an embedding $S^2\to W$ which is a homotopy equivalence and is simplicial f…

Let $(M,g)$ be a compact connected spin manifold of dimension $n\geq 3$ whose Yamabe invariant is positive. We assume that $(M,g)$ is locally conformally flat or that $n \in \{3,4,5\}$. According to a positive mass theorem of Witten, the constant term in the asymptotic development of the Green's function of the conform…

We prove a uniform Sobolev inequality for Ricci flow, which is independent of the number of surgeries. As an application, under less assumptions, a non-collapsing result stronger than Perelman's $κ$ non-collapsing with surgery is derived. The proof is shorter and seems more accessible. The result also improves some ear…

New proof shows gradient Ricci solitons with harmonic Weyl tensor have at most three eigenvalues.

Improved bounds on ideal vertices in right-angled hyperbolic polyhedra.

Short proof shows wealth condensation in trading model.

In a recent paper, Brendle proved that the inscribed radius of closed embedded mean convex hypersurfaces moving by mean curvature flow is at least 1/((1+δ)H) at all points with H > C(δ,M_0). In this note, we give a shorter proof of Brendle's estimate, and of a more general result for alpha-Andrews flows, based on our r…

In this sequel paper we give a shorter, second proof of the monotonicity of the Hawking mass for time flat surfaces under spacelike uniformly area expanding flows in spacetimes that satisfy the dominant energy condition. We also include a third proof which builds on a known formula and describe a class of sufficient co…

New proof of link factorization theorem, avoiding case exhaustion.

Handel and Mosher have proved that the free splitting complex FS for the free group is Gromov hyperbolic. This is a deep and much sought-after result, since it establishes FS as a good analogue of the curve complex for surfaces. We give a shorter alternative proof of this theorem, using surgery paths in Hatcher's spher…

On a doubling metric measure space endowed with a "carré du champ", we consider $L^p$ estimates $(G_p)$ of the gradient of the heat semigroup and scale-invariant $L^p$ Poincaré inequalities $(P_p)$. We show that the combination of $(G_p)$ and $(P_p)$ for $p\ge 2$ always implies two-sided Gaussian heat kernel bounds. Th…

By Torelli topology the author understands aspects of the topology of surfaces (potentially) relevant to the study of Torelli groups. The present paper is devoted to a new approach to the results of W. Vautaw about Dehn multi-twists in Torelli groups and abelian subgroups of Torelli groups. The new proofs are more tran…

We give a simple criterion for a Heegaard splitting to yield a Haken manifold. As a consequence, we construct many Haken manifolds, in particular homology spheres, with prescribed properties, namely Heegaard genus, Heegaard distance and Casson invariant. Along the way we give simpler and shorter proofs of the existence…

Improves bounds on surface decompositions.

Novel proof shows continuity of optimal transport feasible set mapping.

New proof shows certain manifolds cannot have real projective structure.

In a series of papers, including the present one, we give a new, shorter proof of Almgren's partial regularity theorem for area minimizing currents in a Riemannian manifold, with a slight improvement on the regularity assumption for the latter. This note establishes a new a priori estimate on the excess measure of an a…

We give a proof of an unpublished result of Thurston showing that given any hyperbolic metric on a surface of finite type with nonempty boundary, there exists another hyperbolic metric on the same surface for which the lengths of all simple closed geodesics are shorter. (This is not possible for surfaces of finite type…

Three great theorems of Thurston read: Haken manifolds are hyperbolic; big ramified coverings are hyperbolic; big surgeries are hyperbolic. Recent developments indicate that the later two theorems are essentially a corollary of the first, that is there are much more Haken manifolds than expected by Thurston. In fact Fr…

Kernel methods have been widely applied to machine learning and other questions of approximating an unknown function from its finite sample data. To ensure arbitrary accuracy of such approximation, various denseness conditions are imposed on the selected kernel. This note contributes to the study of universal, characte…

We characterize quasi Kähler manifolds whose curvature tensor associated to the canonical Hermitian connection satisfies the first Bianchi identity. This condition is related with the third Gray identity and in the almost Kähler case implies the integrability. Our main tool is the existence of generalized holomorphic f…

We study the local differential geometry of varieties $X^n\subset \Bbb C\Bbb P^{n+a}$ with degenerate secant and tangential varieties. We show that the second fundamental form of a smooth variety with degenerate tangential variety is subject to certain rank restrictions. The rank restrictions imply a slightly refined v…

The classification of isoparametric hypersurfaces with four principal curvatures in spheres in [2] hinges on a crucial characterization, in terms of four sets of equations of the 2nd fundamental form tensors of a focal submanifold, of an isoparametric hypersurface of the type constructed by Ferus, Karcher and Münzner. …

In two previous papers, the two first-named authors introduced a notion of contact r-surgery along Legendrian knots in contact 3-manifolds. They also showed how (at least in principle) to convert any contact r-surgery into a sequence of contact plus or minus 1 surgeries, and used this to prove that any (closed) contact…

Let us denote by $\mathcal K_n$ the hyperspace of all convex bodies of $\mathbb R^n$ equipped with the Hausdorff distance topology. An affine invariant point $p$ is a continuous and Aff(n)-equivariant map $p:\mathcal K_n\to \mathbb R^n$, where Aff(n) denotes the group of all nonsingular affine maps of $\mathbb R^n$. Fo…

A standing conjecture in L2-cohomology is that every finite CW-complex X is of L2-determinant class. In this paper, we prove this whenever the fundamental group belongs to a large class of groups containing e.g. all extensions of residually finite groups with amenable quotients, all residually amenable groups and free …