The paper defines and studies contact surgery numbers for contact 3-manifolds.
problem Understanding the minimal number of components of a surgery link describing a contact 3-manifold.
method Defined and studied various versions of contact surgery numbers, relating them to other invariants and computing specific cases.
result There exist infinitely many non-isotopic contact structures on certain manifolds that cannot be obtained by a single rational contact surgery from the standard tight contact 3-sphere.
By recent results of Baker--Etnyre--Van Horn-Morris, a rational open book decomposition defines a compatible contact structure. We show that the Heegaard Floer contact invariant of such a contact structure can be computed in terms of the knot Floer homology of its (rationally null-homologous) binding. We then use this …
Let K be a knot in an L-space Y with a Dehn surgery to a surface bundle over S1. We prove that K is rationally fibered, that is, the knot complement admits a fibration over S1. As part of the proof, we show that if K⊂Y has a Dehn surgery to S1×S2, then K is rationally fibered. In the c…
Dehn surgery homeomorphic pairs contradict a conjecture.
problem Understanding homeomorphic outcomes of Dehn surgeries on knots.
method Analyzing rational surgeries on knots to find counterexamples.
result Dehn surgery functions are never injective.
Disproves conjectures about shared surgeries for distinct knots.
problem Knots sharing surgeries for multiple slopes.
method Constructing pairs of distinct knots with shared Dehn surgeries.
result Found pairs of distinct knots with four distinct shared slopes.
The paper examines conditions for contact surgeries on rational homology 3-spheres.
problem Conditions for contact surgeries on rational homology 3-spheres.
method Analyzes sufficient conditions for contact surgeries using Legendrian knots and links.
result Provides sufficient conditions for surgeries to have vanishing contact invariants or to be overtwisted.
We construct an open book decomposition compatible with a contact structure given by a rational contact surgery on a Legendrian link in the standard contact S3. As an application we show that some rational contact surgeries on certain Legendrian knots induce overtwisted contact structures.
The paper explores nonexistence and existence of symplectic and Stein fillable contact structures on 3-manifolds.
problem Nonexistence and existence of symplectic and Stein fillable contact structures on 3-manifolds.
method Construction of 3-manifolds and analysis of Dehn surgeries.
result The existence and nonexistence of fillable contact structures on specific 3-manifolds.
We provide a new obstruction for a rational homology 3-sphere to arise by Dehn surgery on a given knot in the 3-sphere. The obstruction takes the form of an inequality involving the genus of the knot, the surgery coefficient, and a count of L-structures on the 3-manifold, that is spin-c structures with the simplest pos…
We use an algorithm by Ozsvath and Szabo to find closed formulae for the ranks of the hat version of the Heegaard Floer homology groups for non-zero Dehn surgeries on knots in the 3-sphere. As applications we provide new bounds on the number of distinct ranks of the Heegaard Floer groups a Dehn surgery can have. These …
Surgery on knots always admits a tight contact structure.
problem Understanding tight contact structures on knots after surgery.
method Smooth (-r)-surgery on knots, using Heegaard Floer contact invariant.
result Tight contact structures detected for all knots after surgery.
We consider the question of which Dehn surgeries along a given knot bound rational homology balls. We use Ozsváth and Szabó's correction terms in Heegaard Floer homology to obtain general constraints on the surgery coefficients. We then turn our attention to the case of integral surgeries, with particular emphasis on p…
For a nullhomologous Legendrian knot in a closed contact 3-manifold Y we consider a contact structure obtained by positive rational contact surgery. We prove that in this situation the Heegaard Floer contact invariant of Y is mapped by a surgery cobordism to the contact invariant of the result of contact surgery. In ad…
New surgeries on knots preserve contact structures.
problem Understanding how surgeries on Legendrian knots affect their contact structures.
method Analyzing surgeries on specific types of knots (twist and two-bridge knots) and proving distinct contact structures for certain surgeries.
result Negative rational surgeries on certain Legendrian knots yield distinct contact 3-manifolds.
Proves rational slopes characterize knot 5_2, except for integers.
problem Characterizing slopes for knot 5_2.
method Proves all rational slopes except integers characterize 5_2, classifies Dehn surgeries, studies almost L-spaces.
result Rational slopes characterize knot 5_2 except for positive integers.
These are notes of a talk given at the Mathematische Arbeitstagung 2005 in Bonn. Following ideas of Ozbagci-Stipsicz, a proof based on contact Dehn surgery is given of Eliashberg's concave filling theorem for contact 3-manifolds. The role of that theorem in the Kronheimer-Mrowka proof of property P for nontrivial knots…
Study contact structures on specific manifolds, proving infinite non-isotopic structures and tight/overtwisted classifications.
problem Classifying contact structures with specific contact surgery numbers on Brieskorn spheres and lens spaces.
method Algorithm for computing Euler class from rational contact surgery, Legendrian knot classification, and analysis of contact structures.
result Infinitely many non-isotopic contact structures on Brieskorn spheres and lens spaces cannot be obtained by a single rational contact surgery.
Surgery on knots can produce non-separating spheres, using Heegaard Floer homology.
problem Conditions for surgery on knots to produce non-separating spheres.
method Heegaard Floer homology
result Sufficient conditions for a knot to be unknotted.
New surgery method preserves Anosov flow properties using bi-contact geometry.
problem Defining a new type of surgery on Anosov flows.
method Bi-contact geometry and Reeb dynamics.
result Necessary and sufficient condition for generating contact Anosov flows.
We provide related Dehn surgery descriptions for rational homology spheres and a class of their regular finite cyclic covering spaces. As an application, we use the surgery descriptions to relate the Casson invariants of the covering spaces to that of the base space. Finally, we show that this places restrictions on th…
In this paper we discuss the change in contact structures as their supporting open book decompositions have their binding components cabled. To facilitate this and applications we define the notion of a rational open book decomposition that generalizes the standard notion of open book decomposition and allows one to mo…
Study shows orderability of certain Dehn surgeries on a specific knot family.
problem Orderability of Dehn surgeries on the (-2,3,7)-pretzel knot.
method Constructing 1-parameter family of SL2(R) representations.
result Dehn surgeries on the knot are left-orderable for rational slopes < 6.
New surgery obstructions found in simple character varieties.
problem Identifying rational homology 3-spheres via Dehn surgery.
method Utilized SU(2) character variety without gauge theory. result Infinitely many examples without Dehn surgery origins.
Extends LOSS invariant naturality to positive contact surgeries.
problem Naturality of LOSS invariant under positive contact surgeries.
method Proves naturality of LOSS invariant for Legendrian knots under positive integer contact surgeries.
result Contact invariant of +n surgery depends only on classical invariants of S.
Estimates Manolescu's κ-invariant using spin 4-orbifolds.
problem Estimating κ-invariant of rational homology 3-spheres.
method Using spin 4-orbifolds bounded by rational homology 3-spheres.
result Restricts and determines the value of κ for specific cases.
Round surgery diagrams represent 3-manifolds in S3.
problem Representing and manipulating 3-manifolds in S3. method Introducing round surgery diagrams and defining moves to establish Kirby Calculus.
result Any 3-manifold can be obtained by a round surgery on a framed link in S3. Study of knot surgeries and JSJ decompositions to tackle L-space conjecture.
problem Understanding JSJ decompositions and L-space knots through Dehn surgeries. method Slope detection techniques applied to toroidal 3-manifolds and rational surgeries.
result JSJ graphs of certain knot exteriors are rooted intervals, implying left-orderable fundamental groups.
This is a survey on contact open books and contact Dehn surgery. The relation between these two concepts is discussed, and various applications are sketched, e.g. the monodromy of Stein fillable contact 3-manifolds, the Giroux-Goodman proof of Harer's conjecture on fibred links, construction of symplectic caps to filli…
We exhibit homology spheres which never yield lens spaces by any integral Dehn surgery by using Ozsvath Szabo's contact invariant.
3D space without definite 4D counterpart found.
problem Finding 3-manifolds that don't bound definite 4-manifolds.
method Analysis of characteristic covectors in bimodular lattices.
result A rational homology 3-sphere that bounds no definite 4-manifold.
Defines contact surgery distance and shows it's bounded by topological surgery distance by 5.
problem Comparing contact structures on 3-manifolds.
method Defining contact surgery distance and proving upper bound on its value.
result Contact surgery distance is at most 5 larger than topological surgery distance.
We show the existence of tight contact structures on infinitely many hyperbolic three-manifolds obtained via Dehn surgeries along sections of hyperbolic surface bundles over circle.
We give new tightness criteria for positive surgeries along knots in the 3-sphere, generalising results of Lisca and Stipsicz, and Sahamie. The main tools will be Honda, Kazez and Matic's, Ozsvath and Szabo's Floer-theoretic contact invariants. We compute the Ozsvath and Szabo's invariant of positive contact surgeries …
Let G be a group acting on a tree with cyclic edge and vertex stabilizers. Then stable commutator length (scl) is rational in G. Furthermore, scl varies predictably and converges to rational limits in so-called "surgery" families. This is a homological analog of the phenomenon of geometric convergence in hyperbolic Deh…
Contact round surgeries on (S3,ξst) help in constructing and understanding contact 3-manifolds.
problem Constructing contact 3-manifolds using Legendrian surgeries.
method Introducing contact round surgeries of indices 1 and 2, and associating them with surgery diagrams.
result Every closed connected contact 3-manifold can be obtained by a sequence of contact round surgeries on Legendrian knots in (S3,ξst). Let M be a closed 3-manifold obtained by Dehn surgery along the figure-eight knot. We give a formula of the Reisdemeisiter torsion of M for any irreducible SL(2;C)-representation. It is described as a rational expression of the trace of the image of the meridian.
Dehn surgery on a knot determines a dual knot in the surgered manifold, the core of the filling torus. We consider duals of knots in S3 that have a lens space surgery. Each dual supports a contact structure. We show that if a universally tight contact structure is supported, then the dual is in the same homology cla…
We examine certain symmetries in the deficiencies of a rational surgery on a knot in S3 by comparing the Spinc-structures on the rational surgery with those on a related integral surgery. We then provide an application of these symmetries in the form of a theorem that obstructs Dehn surgeries in S3. Thi…
Whitehead link surgeries are not L-spaces if they support taut foliations.
problem Characterizing rational homology spheres as L-spaces.
method Analyzing Whitehead link surgeries and their foliations.
result Whitehead link surgeries are not L-spaces if they support coorientable taut foliations.
The purpose of this paper is to introduce Liouville hypersurfaces in contact manifolds, which generalize ribbons of Legendrian graphs and pages of supporting open books. Liouville hypersurfaces are used to define a gluing operation for contact manifolds called the Liouville connect sum. Performing this operation on a c…
We produce the first examples of closed, tight contact 3-manifolds which become overtwisted after performing admissible transverse surgeries. Along the way, we clarify the relationship between admissible transverse surgery and Legendrian surgery. We use this clarification to study a new invariant of transverse knots - …
New insights into knot surgeries via instanton 2-torsion.
problem Understanding rational surgeries on knots and their implications.
method Extending earlier results on integral surgeries to rational surgeries using framed instanton homology.
result If framed instanton homology is 2-torsion-free, the knot is an instanton L-space knot and the surgery parameter is greater than 2g(K)-1.
Floer homology detects right-veering monodromy in fibered knots.
problem Detecting right-veering monodromy in fibered knots.
method Using Heegaard Floer homology and symplectic Floer homology.
result Knot Floer homology characterizes tight contact structures.
We prove that the Witten-Reshetikhin-Turaev (WRT) SO(3) invariant of an arbitrary 3-manifold M is always an algebraic integer. Moreover, we give a rational surgery formula for the unified invariant dominating WRT SO(3) invariants of rational homology 3-spheres at roots of unity of order co-prime with the torsion. As an…
Let K be a rationally null-homologous knot in a three-manifold Y. We construct a version of knot Floer homology in this context, including a description of the Floer homology of a three-manifold obtained as Morse surgery on the knot K. As an application, we express the Heegaard Floer homology of rational surgerie…
Study contact structures on projective spaces, proving infinite non-isotopic structures.
problem Classify contact structures on projective spaces with specific surgery numbers.
method Detailed analysis of Gompf's Γ-invariant and d_3-invariant of tangential 2-plane fields.
result Infinitely many non-isotopic contact structures on real projective 3-space.
We show that the resulting manifold by r-surgery on the knot 52, which is the two-bridge knot corresponding to the rational number 3/7, has left-orderable fundamental group if the slope r satisfies 0≤r≤4.
Let Y(r) be the closed, oriented three-manifold obtained by performing rational r-surgery on the right-handed trefoil knot in the three-sphere. Using contact surgery and the Heegaard Floer contact invariants we construct positive, tight contact structures on Y(r) for every r not equal to 1. This implies, in particular,…