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arXiv research

A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

169,341 papers · 148 categories

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326395126 · May 202619922001200920182026
48 results for price adjustments

Historical returns depend on historical closing prices and distributions. We describe how to compute adjusted closing prices from closing price/distribution data with an emphasis on spreadsheet implementation. Then the growth of a security from one date to another (1 + total return) is just the ratio of the correspondi…

2011-05-15abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper introduces mortgage-rate-adjusted home prices to help buyers and adjust housing indices.

problem Impact of mortgage rates on home prices and property purchase decisions.
method Derives mortgage-rate-adjusted 'effective price' and constructs a price-mortgage rate neutrality line.
result Mortgage rates significantly affect home prices over long periods but not during the pandemic.

Heuristic pricing strategy compensates for imperfect market anticipation in dynamic pricing competition.

problem Challenges in optimizing pricing strategies due to competition and limited demand information.
method Stochastic dynamic pricing models under oligopoly competition with frequent price adjustments.
result Price adjustment frequencies have a larger impact on expected profits than price anticipations.

The article uses jump-telegraph models to price zero coupon bonds and adjust convexity.

problem Pricing zero coupon bonds and adjusting for convexity in a short rate model.
method Markov-modulated model with jumps, jump-telegraph process, expectation hypothesis.
result Closed formulas for term structure and forward rates are derived.

Study improves MACD trading strategy with volume and price adjustments.

problem Signal lag and false signals in traditional MACD trading rules.
method Develops VP-MACD framework with sensitivity calibration.
result Proposed framework outperforms baseline MACD in profitability and risk-adjusted return.

The paper adjusts stock and strike prices for dividends after maturity in stock call pricing.

problem Inconsistent pricing of European calls with dividends after maturity.
method Extension of the Black-Scholes formula to include dividends after maturity.
result Model-consistent pricing of calls over all maturities with dividends after maturity.

A three-dimensional extension of the structural default model with firms' values driven by correlated diffusion processes is presented. Green's function based semi-analytical methods for solving the forward calibration problem and backward pricing problem are developed. These methods are used to analyze bilateral count…

2012-07-25abs ↗pdf ↗

New mortgage contracts reduce underwater default by adjusting loan balances, but must balance prepayment incentives.

problem Underwater default incentives in mortgages.
method Analyzes automatic balance adjustment and prepayment penalties in mortgage contracts.
result Automatic balance adjustments are preferable to traditional contracts at certain spreads, reducing underwater default.

RL accelerates portfolio optimization and option pricing by dynamically adjusting preconditioner sizes.

problem Large linear systems in portfolio optimization and option pricing lead to slow convergence.
method Reinforcement Learning (RL) dynamically adjusts block-preconditioner sizes to accelerate convergence.
result RL-driven solver significantly reduces computational cost and accelerates convergence.

The study models financial derivatives with counterparty risk and corrects valuation methods.

problem Pricing financial derivatives considering counterparty credit risk and CVA.
method Developed a generic model for pricing derivatives with both unilateral and bilateral credit risks. Used backward induction for American style options. Emphasized that the market value is risky, not risk-free.
result Corrected the common mistake in the literature regarding the market value of defaultable derivatives.

Pricing Chinese convertible bonds using Monte Carlo simulation and dynamic programming.

problem Pricing Chinese convertible bonds accurately.
method Monte Carlo simulation and dynamic programming with regression and backward induction.
result An underpriced strategy significantly outperforms benchmarks.

Paper develops framework for valuing and assessing credit risk in renewable PPAs.

problem Renewable PPAs expose both parties to counterparty credit risk.
method Modelled joint dynamics of electricity prices and renewable output, incorporated default probabilities.
result Provides transparent metric for PPA valuation under counterparty risk.

This essay quantifies convexities in incomplete markets using entropy, adjusting prices for risk and incompleteness.

problem Quantifying convexities in incomplete markets and adjusting prices for risk and incompleteness.
method Using entropy, the essay quantifies convexities and adjusts prices for risk and incompleteness in incomplete markets.
result A new price principle derived from a log-martingale condition is introduced, matching risk aversion and adjusting for market incompleteness and default risk.

We develop a new method to price SOFR futures contracts considering convexity, skew, and smile.

problem Analyzing and pricing SOFR futures contracts with convexity, skew, and smile adjustments.
method A perturbative formalism based on a time-ordered exponential series to solve the backward-Kolmogorov diffusion PDE.
result An analytic pricing formula for SOFR futures contracts that incorporates convexity, skew, and smile adjustments.

Modeling stock price adjustments due to irrational agent behavior.

problem Understanding and measuring irrational behavior in financial markets.
method Irrational Fractional Brownian Motion model to analyze agent reactions to news.
result Observation of kink-like effect suggesting soliton-like behavior in stock price adjustments.

Paper uses bond pricing and convexity adjustments to explain herd immunity paradox.

problem Early onset of herd immunity contradicts R value estimates from early stage growth.
method Utilizes Vasicek's bond pricing formula and de Finetti's Theorem approach.
result Reduces modeling discrepancy to simple convexity formulas.

Value adjustment of uncollateralized trades is determined within a risk-neutral pricing framework. When hedging such trades, investors cannot freely trade protection on their own name, thus facing an incomplete market. This fact is reflected in the non-uniqueness of the pricing measure, which is only constrained by the…

2014-09-22abs ↗pdf ↗

New method to price CVA by adjusting exposure drift to eliminate Wrong-Way Risk.

problem Addressing Wrong-Way Risk (WWR) in Credit Value Adjustment (CVA) pricing.
method Stochastic intensity approach with changes of measure to embed WWR in exposure drift.
result Elimination of WWR explicitly in pricing problem, leading to tractable approximation.

Develops a new model to better estimate cryptocurrency and stock volatility.

problem Misrepresentation of volatility and co-movement in traditional models.
method Introduces liquidity-sensitive multivariate volatility framework with novel liquidity measures.
result Liquidity-adjusted models yield more stable and interpretable risk structures.

This article presents FVA and CVA of a bilateral derivative in a coherent manner, based on recent developments in fair value accounting and ISDA standards. We argue that a derivative liability, after primary risk factors being hedged, resembles in economics an issued variable funding note, and should be priced at the m…

2015-10-25abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper examines variable annuities pricing and risk management using the Black-Scholes model and identifies key risk drivers.

problem Model risk in pricing and managing variable annuities using the Black-Scholes model.
method Derives a model-free decomposition of variable annuity prices and investigates hedging strategies.
result The spot price risk can always be eliminated by the BS-based hedging strategy, but there is gradual slippage and instantaneous leakage.

The paper addresses how banks adjust for capital and funding costs in incomplete markets.

problem Banks adjust for capital and funding costs in derivative pricing, but this conflicts with complete markets.
method Develops a mathematical formalism for managing derivative portfolios in incomplete markets.
result Optimal strategies for retained earnings are found to ensure sustainable dividend policies.

Asset prices contain information about the probability distribution of future states and the stochastic discounting of those states as used by investors. To better understand the challenge in distinguishing investors' beliefs from risk-adjusted discounting, we use Perron-Frobenius Theory to isolate a positive martingal…

2014-11-28abs ↗pdf ↗

In two previous papers the author developed a second-order price adjustment (tâtonnement) process. This paper extends the approach to include both quantity and price adjustments. We demonstrate three results: a analogue to physical energy, called "activity" arises naturally in the model, and is not conserved in general…

2012-04-14abs ↗pdf ↗

In this work we derive an approximated no-arbitrage market valuation formula for Constant Maturity Credit Default Swaps (CMCDS). We move from the CDS options market model in Brigo (2004), and derive a formula for CMCDS that is the analogous of the formula for constant maturity swaps in the default free swap market unde…

2008-12-22abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper introduces a new approach to repo pricing by incorporating gap risk and economic capital.

problem The gap risk or hedging errors in derivatives businesses.
method Extends the Black-Scholes-Merton framework with a reserve capital approach to model gap risk and economic capital charge.
result Practical repo pricing formulae are derived showing the importance of economic capital charge.

Model adjusts bid-offer spread in financial markets based on market conditions.

problem Adapting to market uncertainty in financial trading.
method Adaptive model using price volatility and trade count/volume, with a feedback loop.
result Dynamic bid-offer adjustments improve market efficiency.

The paper reviews historical and modern approaches to asset pricing probability measures.

problem Constructing or selecting probability measures for asset pricing.
method Historical review of various approaches including state price theory, martingale measures, and modern data-driven methods.
result Modern asset pricing involves constructing, transforming, or selecting probability measures to represent market prices.

In this article, we combine replication pricing with expectation pricing for derivative trades that are partially collateralized by cash. The derivatives are replicated by underlying assets and cash, using repurchasing agreement (repo) and margining, which incur funding costs. We derive a partial differential equation …

2013-02-03abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper introduces a method to accurately price swaps and their Value at Risk (VaR) using dynamic trading and regression/simulation.

problem Theoretical and practical concerns about uncollateralized swaps and their risk not being fully hedged.
method Dynamic trading of CCP swaps, applying discount rates based on counterparty's or own bond curves, and using Longstaff-Schwartz regression and finite difference schemes.
result The uncollateralized swap can be fully replicated, and FVA is redefined as a liquidity or funding basis component of total valuation adjustment.

Approximates CVA of European options with WWR using correlation expansions.

problem Computing CVA of European options with Wrong Way Risk in a default intensity setting.
method Exploits a correlation expansion approach to approximate option pricing.
result Numerical evaluations show the method's performance compared to existing methods.

We analyze the counterparty risk embedded in CDS contracts, in presence of a bilateral margin agreement. First, we investigate the pricing of collateralized counterparty risk and we derive the bilateral Credit Valuation Adjustment (CVA), unilateral Credit Valuation Adjustment (UCVA) and Debt Valuation Adjustment (DVA).…

2011-04-13abs ↗pdf ↗