Research
On-device research index

arXiv research

A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

168,657 papers · 148 categories

Trend · papers per month

139279418557 · Jun 202019922001200920172026
48 results for predictive fairness

New framework tackles fairness in link prediction beyond demographic parity.

problem Systemic biases in link prediction can exacerbate societal inequalities.
method Formalizes limitations of existing fairness evaluations and proposes a new framework.
result Proposes a lightweight post-processing method combined with decoupled link predictors.

Introduces lookahead counterfactual fairness to account for downstream effects of ML predictions.

problem Downstream effects of ML predictions on individuals not considered by counterfactual fairness.
method Introduces lookahead counterfactual fairness (LCF), a new fairness notion that considers future status. Proposes an algorithm based on theoretical conditions.
result Proposes an algorithm to achieve lookahead counterfactual fairness and validates it on synthetic and real data.

New approach to fairness in machine learning models using conformal prediction.

problem Fairness in machine learning models' downstream decision-making.
method Theoretical derivation and empirical evaluation of label-clustered conformal prediction.
result Label-clustered conformal prediction often provides a favorable balance between utility and substantive fairness.

Benchmark assesses fairness in algorithmic uncertainty, revealing consistent and calibrated estimates improve fairness.

problem Challenges in managing uncertainty in fairness evaluations for predictive algorithms.
method Introduces FairlyUncertain, an axiomatic benchmark for evaluating uncertainty in fairness.
result Consistent and calibrated uncertainty estimates improve fairness without explicit fairness interventions.

The paper proposes a method to balance fairness and prediction accuracy by adjusting data representations.

problem Machine learning models can inherit and amplify historical biases, leading to unfair outcomes.
method The paper uses subspace decomposition and influence analysis to control the fairness-utility trade-off.
result The method effectively improves fairness while preserving predictive performance.

Proposes a framework for partially fair machine learning models.

problem Achieving full fairness across all score ranges compromises predictive performance.
method Formulates model training as constrained optimization with difference-of-convex constraints, solvable by IDCA.
result Demonstrates high predictive performance while enforcing partial fairness in specific percentile intervals.

The paper connects counterfactual fairness to robust prediction and group fairness using causal context.

problem The challenge of ensuring fairness in AI systems when counterfactuals cannot be directly observed.
method Using causal context to bridge counterfactual fairness, robust prediction, and group fairness.
result Counterfactual fairness is equivalent to group fairness metrics in specific contexts.

The paper explores fairness in machine learning, focusing on Equalized Odds.

problem Whether Equalized Odds fairness can always be achieved and if it leads to better prediction performance.
method Analyzes the attainability and optimality of Equalized Odds fairness in various settings.
result Equalized Odds can be achieved under certain conditions and can lead to better prediction performance.

New welfare-based fairness notions align with existing error rate balance and predictive parity.

problem Aligning fairness notions with welfare-based criteria.
method Discussing and establishing conditions for envy freeness and prejudice freeness.
result Envy freeness and prejudice freeness are equivalent to error rate balance and predictive parity.

The development of fair machine learning models that effectively avert bias and discrimination is an important problem that has garnered attention in recent years. The necessity of encoding complex relational dependencies among the features and variables for competent predictions require the development of fair, yet ex…

2020-02-21abs ↗pdf ↗

New algorithm improves group fairness in social classification problems by exploiting performativity.

problem Inequities in social classification problems due to performativity.
method Develops algorithmic fairness practices that leverage performativity to achieve stronger group fairness guarantees.
result Achieves stronger group fairness guarantees compared to non-performative settings.

The paper tackles fairness in edge prediction for graphs, proposing a new method.

problem Fairness in edge prediction for graphs, especially in underinvestigated scenarios.
method Formulated problem, proposed embedding-agnostic repairing procedure for adjacency matrix.
result Demonstrated versatility and control over fairness and prediction accuracy.

The paper develops a method to achieve fairness in predictions using Wasserstein barycenters.

problem Learning a fair real-valued function independent of sensitive attributes.
method Establishing a connection between fair regression and optimal transport theory, deriving a close form expression for the optimal fair predictor as the Wasserstein barycenter of sensitive groups.
result The optimal fair predictor's distribution is the Wasserstein barycenter of sensitive groups' distributions, offering an intuitive interpretation and a simple post-processing algorithm.

PAC-Bayesian framework for fairness in stochastic and deterministic classifiers.

problem Theoretical guarantees on fairness for balancing predictive risk and fairness constraints.
method PAC-Bayesian framework for both stochastic and deterministic classifiers, covering a broad class of fairness measures.
result Derives generalization bounds for fairness, demonstrating tightness with empirical evaluation.

This research tackles group fairness in predictive process monitoring by ensuring predictions are independent of sensitive group membership.

problem Predictive models using biased historical data can perpetuate unfair behavior in new cases.
method Investigates independence through metrics like ΔDP and a composite loss function balancing predictive performance and fairness.
result Proposes and validates a composite loss function for training models that balance fairness and performance.

New metric MADD assesses fairness of predictive student models.

problem Predictive student models can be biased and unfair, leading to discrimination.
method Proposes MADD metric to analyze model's discriminatory behaviors.
result Fair predictive performance does not guarantee fair behaviors or outcomes.

New metric reduces arbitrariness in fair binary classification predictions.

problem Variance in predictions leads to arbitrary decisions in fair classification.
method Developed a self-consistency metric and an abstention algorithm.
result Fair binary classification is often close to fair due to variance, not interventions.

Paper creates fair synthetic data ensuring equal predictions across sensitive attributes.

problem Ensuring fair predictions across sensitive attributes in synthetic data.
method Equalizing target probability distributions across sensitive attributes in synthetic data generation.
result Synthetic data provides strong fair predictions, equal across all thresholds.

Fairness measures fail in predictive settings that intentionally shift outcomes.

problem Fairness measures fail in performative prediction settings.
method Formalized concept shift and counterfactual outcomes.
result Predictors that are fair during training become unfair during deployment.

FairTrade uses variational inference to create fair predictions in causal models.

problem Creating fair predictions in machine learning models with causal reasoning.
method FairTrade uses variational inference to account for unobserved confounders and integrates fairness constraints on causal paths.
result Demonstrates the effectiveness of FairTrade in creating fair predictions in both simulated and real-world datasets.

Develops a fair post-processing method for student success predictions.

problem Ensuring fairness in predictive student models for educational applications.
method Uses the MADD metric to improve model fairness while maintaining accuracy.
result Successfully improved fairness of predictive models for student success.

We observe standard transfer learning can improve prediction accuracies of target tasks at the cost of lowering their prediction fairness -- a phenomenon we named discriminatory transfer. We examine prediction fairness of a standard hypothesis transfer algorithm and a standard multi-task learning algorithm, and show th…

2017-07-03abs ↗pdf ↗

In this paper, we advocate for representation learning as the key to mitigating unfair prediction outcomes downstream. Motivated by a scenario where learned representations are used by third parties with unknown objectives, we propose and explore adversarial representation learning as a natural method of ensuring those…

2018-02-17abs ↗pdf ↗

Framework achieves fairness in predictions using partially known causal graph over clusters of variables.

problem Achieving fairness in algorithmic decisions when causal graph knowledge is limited.
method Leverages a causal graph over clusters of variables to train a prediction model, reducing interventional distribution discrepancies.
result Framework strikes a better balance between fairness and accuracy than existing approaches under limited causal graph knowledge.

In this paper, we study counterfactual fairness in text classification, which asks the question: How would the prediction change if the sensitive attribute referenced in the example were different? Toxicity classifiers demonstrate a counterfactual fairness issue by predicting that "Some people are gay" is toxic while "…

2018-09-27abs ↗pdf ↗

Interpretable ML models predict recidivism as well as non-interpretable methods and are more fair.

problem Improving recidivism prediction models for fairness and interpretability.
method Trained interpretable ML models on two recidivism datasets, compared to existing methods, and analyzed fairness.
result Interpretable ML models can predict recidivism as well as non-interpretable methods and are more fair.

Study examines impact of fairness penalties on clinical risk prediction models.

problem Widespread health disparities in machine learning-guided clinical decision-making.
method Empirical study across multiple databases, outcomes, and sensitive attributes.
result Penalizing fairness violations nearly universally degrades model performance and fairness metrics.

Extends Demographic Parity for fairer wage predictions with expert knowledge.

problem Inadequate fairness metrics limit user domain knowledge and ignore intersectional fairness.
method Develops a parametric method to incorporate expert knowledge in fair predictions.
result Offers a robust solution for real-life applications with limited data and spending constraints.

Personalized models using group attributes reduce performance, study finds.

problem Reducing performance of models using group attributes like race or gender.
method Formal conditions and collective preference guarantees to ensure fair use.
result Models personalized with group attributes reduce performance at a group level.

Paper introduces EO_k for quantifying accuracy-fairness trade-offs in FRL.

problem Tackles the trade-off between accuracy and fairness in FRL.
method Kernel-based formulation of EO criterion for FRL.
result Offers a unified analytical characterization of fairness tradeoffs.

New fairness criteria for algorithmic recourse actions that consider causal relationships.

problem Fairness of recourse actions in algorithmic classification.
method Proposes two new fairness criteria at group and individual levels, explicitly accounting for causal relationships.
result Fairness of recourse is complementary to fairness of prediction, and can be enforced by altering the classifier.

Proposes a method to learn fair predictors for multiple subgroups with limited data.

problem Fairness and accuracy issues in learning from multiple subgroups with limited data.
method Formulates a bilevel objective to learn subgroup-specific predictors and a fair predictor that is close to all of them.
result The method effectively controls group sufficiency and generalization error, improving fairness and accuracy.