arXiv research

We find and propose an explanation for a large variety of modularity-related symmetries in problems of 3-manifold topology and physics of 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ theories where such structures a priori are not manifest. These modular structures include: mock modular forms, $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ Weil representations, quantum mo…

We introduce the notion of the modular class of a Lie algebroid equipped with a Nambu structure. In particular, we recover the modular class of a Nambu-Poisson manifold $M$ with its Nambu tensor $Λ$ as the modular class of the tangent Lie algebroid $TM$ with Nambu structure $Λ.$ We show that many known properties of th…

Proves modular functors for SO(3) have integral Hodge structures.

Modular neural networks generalize better with less data.

Proves Hodge structures on modular functors, providing formulas for Hodge numbers.

RNNs solve modular addition tasks using low rank and sparse Fourier structures.

We study the relative modular classes of Lie algebroids, and we determine their relationship with the modular classes of Lie algebroids with a twisted Poisson structure.

We present a graded-geometric approach to modular classes of Lie algebroids and their generalizations, introducing in this setting an idea of relative modular class of a Dirac structure for a certain type of Courant algebroids, called projectable. This novel approach puts several concepts related to Poisson geometry an…

Countable modular groups found on surfaces with infinite type.

Origami structures are enumerated and shown to be quantum modular.

In this paper, we introduce the notion of modular class of a Lie algebroid $A$ equipped with a Nambu structure satisfying some suitable hypothesis. We also introduce cohomology and homology theories for such Lie algebroids and prove that these theories are connected by a duality isomorphism when the modular class is nu…

New methods detect modular structure in neural networks, revealing surprising effects of dropout.

Noise-driven neural networks emerge modular structures, improving robustness and generalization.

Our aim is to introduce and advocate non-$Σ$ (non-symmetric) modular operads. While ordinary modular operads were inspired by the structure of the moduli space of stable complex curves, non-$Σ$ modular operads model surfaces with open strings outputs. An immediate application of our theory is a short proof that the mod…

A modular object in a symmetric monoidal bicategory is a Frobenius algebra object whose product and coproduct are biadjoint, equipped with a braided structure and a compatible twist, satisfying rigidity, ribbon, pivotality, and modularity conditions. We prove that the oriented 3-dimensional bordism bicategory of 1-, 2-…

Study of Batalin-Vilkovisky algebra on Poisson manifolds with diagonalizable modular symmetry.

In this paper we study the modular classes of Dirac manifolds and of Dirac maps, and we discuss their basic properties. We apply these results to explain the relationship between the modular classes of the various structures involved in the reduction of a Poisson manifold under the action by of a Poisson Lie group.

Modularity is a popular measure of community structure. However, maximizing the modularity can lead to many competing partitions, with almost the same modularity, that are poorly correlated with each other. It can also produce illusory "communities" in random graphs where none exist. We address this problem by using th…

We review the polynomial structure of the topological string partition functions as solutions to the holomorphic anomaly equations. We also explain the connection between the ring of propagators defined from special Kähler geometry and the ring of almost-holomorphic modular forms defined on modular curves.

Modular curves $X_{1}(N)$ parametrize elliptic curves with a point of order $N$. They can be identified with connected components of projectivized strata $\mathbb{P}\mathcal{H}(a,-a)$ of meromorphic differentials. As strata of meromorphic differentials, they have a canonical walls-and-chambers structure defined by the …

Study inert and ambiguous classes in modular group using combinatorial methods.

Recent work extends Turaev's modular categories to non-semisimple settings.

A hyperbolic conjugacy class in the modular group PSL(2,Z) corresponds to a closed geodesic in the modular orbifold. Some of these geodesics virtually bound immersed surfaces, and some do not; the distinction is related to the polyhedral structure in the unit ball of the stable commutator length norm. We prove the foll…

Introduces modular $q$-holonomic modules to solve $q$-difference equations.

We study the behavior of the modular class of an orientable Poisson manifold and formulate some unimodularity criteria in the semilocal context, around a (singular) symplectic leaf. Our results generalize some known unimodularity criteria for regular Poisson manifolds related to the notion of the Reeb class. In particu…

We introduce linear holonomy on Poisson manifolds. The linear holonomy of a Poisson structure generalizes the linearized holonomy on a regular symplectic foliation. However, for singular Poisson structures the linear holonomy is defined for the lifts of tangential path to the cotangent bundle (cotangent paths). The lin…

A framework for modular training of robust generative models.

Researchers clarify modular group representations and vertex operator algebras for 3d invariants.

DynMSA detects market clusters for better portfolio allocation.

The study examines if ReLU activation function is optimal for modularity in neural networks.

Modular categories are a well-known source of quantum 3-manifold invariants. In this paper we study structures on modular categories which allow to define refinements of quantum 3-manifold invariants involving cohomology classes or generalized spin and complex spin structures. A crucial role in our construction is play…

We construct modular invariants on the moduli space of quantum vacua of N=2 SYM with gauge group SU(2). We also introduce a nonchiral function K which is expressed in terms of the Seiberg-Witten and Poincare' metrics. It turns out that K has all the expected properties of the next to leading term in the Wilsonian effec…

In this paper we analyse the bipartite Colombian firms-products network, throughout a period of five years, from 2010 to 2014. Our analysis depicts a strongly modular system, with several groups of firms specializing in the export of specific categories of products. These clusters have been detected by running the bipa…

We construct families of TQFT's over the finite field Z/pZ starting from an integral TQFT obtained by Frohman and Nicas. These TQFT's are likely to describe the constant order contributions of the cyclotomic integer expansions of the Reshetikhin Turaev Ohtsuki theories. Their modular structure is intimately related to …

New modularity function improves clustering of spatially embedded networks.

Study the Mexican stock market's interdependency structure from 2000-2019.

Establishes Morita equivalence for Nijenhuis structures and proves invariance of modular class.

Modular deep learning framework using pairwise labels without backpropagation.

The study connects lattices, Garside structures, and weakly modular graphs.

New method finds unbiased subnetworks in biased models for better OOD performance.

Study of modular representations in homology of congruence subgroups.

The modular vector field of a Poisson-Nijenhuis Lie algebroid $A$ is defined and we prove that, in case of non-degeneracy, this vector field defines a hierarchy of bi-Hamiltonian $A$-vector fields. This hierarchy covers an integrable hierarchy on the base manifold, which may not have a Poisson-Nijenhuis structure.

LaMBO optimizes modular systems with switching costs, achieving better results than existing methods.

We examine the relationship between nonabelian Hodge theory for Riemann surfaces and the theory of vector valued modular forms. In particular, we explain how one might use this relationship to prove a conjectural three-term inequality on the weights of free bases of vector valued modular forms associated to complex, fi…

Estimating graphical model structure from high-dimensional and undersampled data is a fundamental problem in many scientific fields. Existing approaches, such as GLASSO, latent variable GLASSO, and latent tree models, suffer from high computational complexity and may impose unrealistic sparsity priors in some cases. We…

Unified policy controls diverse agents through modular neural networks.

New proof of four squares theorem using projective geometry.

Revealing a community structure in a network or dataset is a central problem arising in many scientific areas. The modularity function $Q$ is an established measure quantifying the quality of a community, being identified as a set of nodes having high modularity. In our terminology, a set of nodes with positive modular…