Paper tackles CATE estimation with missing treatment info.
problem Challenges in estimating CATE with missing treatment information.
method Developed MTRNet, a novel CATE estimation algorithm using domain adaptation.
result Improves CATE estimation over state-of-the-art methods.
Method tackles missing covariates in large-scale datasets.
problem Cross-population missing data problem in large-scale datasets.
method Augmented transfer regression learning method combining importance-weighted estimating equations and imputation terms.
result Estimator is n1/2-consistent and asymptotically normal, attaining semiparametric efficiency bound under correct specification. Federated learning method improves covariate shift adaptation for missing target values.
problem Missing target values in federated learning.
method Federated covariate shift adaptation algorithm for missing target output values.
result Asymptotically unbiased and efficient algorithm for federated learning.
kNNSampler imputes missing values from their distributions using kNN.
problem Impute missing values from their distributions.
method Randomly samples from the observed responses of the k most similar units.
result Estimates the conditional distribution of missing values.
Paper proposes a method to classify EEG signals with missing data.
problem Handling missing data in electroencephalogram (EEG) signals for classification.
method Uses an expectation-maximization algorithm with observed-data likelihood to compute covariance matrices, compares to imputed data and Riemannian averages.
result The proposed method generally performs better than existing methods on real EEG data.
Proposes a method to learn conditional VAEs from datasets with missing covariates.
problem Learning conditional VAEs from datasets with missing covariates.
method Augments conditional VAEs with a prior distribution for missing covariates and estimates their posterior using amortised variational inference.
result The proposed method outperforms previous methods in learning conditional VAEs from non-temporal, temporal, and longitudinal datasets.
Robust Lasso-Zero handles missing covariates and sparse corruptions.
problem Sparse corruptions and missing covariates in sparse linear models.
method Extension of Lasso-Zero to handle sparse corruptions, with theoretical guarantees on sign recovery.
result Robust Lasso-Zero can handle missing values without specifying a parametric model.
DRUM transfers cardiac arrest models across registries with missing covariates.
problem Clinical prediction models fail when key training covariates are unavailable at deployment.
method DRUM transfers models to target populations with structurally missing covariates, optimizing worst-case predictive performance over unknown target distributions.
result DRUM yields better-calibrated predictions and improved clinical classification performance across sites.
Study examines how imputation accuracy affects prediction accuracy in regression problems with missing covariates.
problem Missing covariates in regression or classification problems.
method Simulation and empirical analysis using UCI datasets and statistical inference.
result Imputation accuracy impacts prediction accuracy, especially with Machine Learning methods.
This paper addresses missing covariates in stochastic linear bandits, providing a high-probability regret bound.
problem Effect of missing covariates on regret in stochastic linear bandit algorithms.
method Proposes an algorithm that provides a high-probability upper bound on regret in terms of covariate sampling probabilities.
result Regret degrades due to missingness by at most ζmin2, where ζmin is the minimum probability of observing covariates. Study tackles variable selection with missing covariates and outcomes using machine learning and imputation.
problem Missing data in both covariates and outcomes complicates variable selection in health studies.
method Exploits machine learning flexibility and bootstrap imputation for variable selection, comparing multiple methods.
result XGBoost and BART perform best in variable selection with bootstrap imputation, achieving high F1 scores and low Type I errors. New estimator handles covariate shift with closed-form solution and super-efficiency.
problem Handling covariate shift in missing data and causal inference problems.
method Minimum Wasserstein distance estimation framework.
result Closed-form expression and super-efficiency relative to semiparametric efficient estimator.
DPERC efficiently estimates covariance matrices for mixed data with missing values.
problem Estimating covariance matrices for datasets with missing values and mixed features.
method Direct Parameter Estimation for Randomly Missing Data with Categorical Features (DPERC).
result DPERC outperforms other methods in estimating covariance matrices for mixed data with missing values.
Proposes a method to recover sparse tensors with covariate info.
problem Sparse tensor with high missing entries and many zeros.
method Covariate-assisted Sparse Tensor Completion (COSTCO) using latent components.
result 23% accuracy improvement over baseline in advertisement dataset.
We study high-dimensional regression with missing entries in the covariates. A common strategy in practice is to \emph{impute} the missing entries with an appropriate substitute and then implement a standard statistical procedure acting as if the covariates were fully observed. Recent literature on this subject propose…
Study shows how AI model can improve decision-making with missing data.
problem Sequential decision-making with missing covariates.
method Introduced model elasticity to quantify imputation discrepancy; used statistical learning and regression for calibration.
result Calibrating pre-trained models can significantly reduce regret in decision-making.
Missing data estimation is an important challenge with high-dimensional data arranged in the form of a matrix. Typically this data matrix is transposable, meaning that either the rows, columns or both can be treated as features. To model transposable data, we present a modification of the matrix-variate normal, the mea…
Paper tackles missing data shifts in domains, showing how to adapt models.
problem Missing data mechanisms differ between source and target domains.
method Introduced DAMS, showing covariate shift under certain conditions, and providing adjustments for missingness.
result Simple adjustments can improve target model performance even when missingness rates vary.
Study improves conformal prediction for missing covariate data.
problem Uncertainty quantification with missing covariate values.
method Generalized conformalized quantile regression framework, missing data augmentation.
result Improved prediction intervals valid conditionally to missing data patterns.
Inference and Estimation in Missing Information (MI) scenarios are important topics in Statistical Learning Theory and Machine Learning (ML). In ML literature, attempts have been made to enhance prediction through precise feature selection methods. In sparse linear models, LASSO is well-known in extracting the desired …
Although a majority of the theoretical literature in high-dimensional statistics has focused on settings which involve fully-observed data, settings with missing values and corruptions are common in practice. We consider the problems of estimation and of constructing component-wise confidence intervals in a sparse high…
High-dimensional time series data exist in numerous areas such as finance, genomics, healthcare, and neuroscience. An unavoidable aspect of all such datasets is missing data, and dealing with this issue has been an important focus in statistics, control, and machine learning. In this work, we consider a high-dimensiona…
Multi-task learning is a type of transfer learning that trains multiple tasks simultaneously and leverages the shared information between related tasks to improve the generalization performance. However, missing features in the input matrix is a much more difficult problem which needs to be carefully addressed. Removin…
Confounding bias, missing data, and selection bias are three common obstacles to valid causal inference in the data sciences. Covariate adjustment is the most pervasive technique for recovering casual effects from confounding bias. In this paper, we introduce a covariate adjustment formulation for controlling confoundi…
Study high-dimensional logistic regression with missing data, providing exact error characterizations.
problem High-dimensional logistic regression with missing or corrupted covariates.
method Exact characterizations of prediction and estimation errors under independence and moment conditions.
result Characterizations are universal and hold for various imputation strategies.
Two methods use BART to model missing data in leaf photosynthetic trait data.
problem Handling missing data in multivariate outcomes with non-ignorable mechanisms.
method Bayesian Additive Regression Trees (BART) for joint modeling of data and missingness indicators.
result Both methods effectively recover various missingness mechanisms and outperform existing approaches.
Paper develops methods for PCA inference with missing data and heteroskedastic noise.
problem Constructing confidence regions for PCA in high dimensions with missing data and heteroskedastic noise.
method Proposes HeteroPCA and develops non-asymptotic distributional guarantees for valid inference.
result Valid inference on principal subspace and spiked covariance matrix with missing data.
Sparse regression such as the Lasso has achieved great success in handling high-dimensional data. However, one of the biggest practical problems is that high-dimensional data often contain large amounts of missing values. Convex Conditioned Lasso (CoCoLasso) has been proposed for dealing with high-dimensional data with…
Kernel ridge regression for causal inference with missing data.
problem Estimating treatment effects with missing data in selected samples.
method Kernel ridge regression estimators for nonparametric dose response curves and semiparametric treatment effects.
result Uniform consistency and finite sample rates for continuous treatment, root-n consistency for discrete treatment.
Estimating the causal effects of an intervention from high-dimensional observational data is difficult due to the presence of confounding. The task is often complicated by the fact that we may have a systematic missingness in our data at test time. Our approach uses the information bottleneck to perform a low-dimension…
Data mining and machine learning techniques such as classification and regression trees (CART) represent a promising alternative to conventional logistic regression for propensity score estimation. Whereas incomplete data preclude the fitting of a logistic regression on all subjects, CART is appealing in part because s…
Missing data is an important challenge when dealing with high dimensional data arranged in the form of an array. In this paper, we propose methods for estimation of the parameters of array variate normal probability model from partially observed multiway data. The methods developed here are useful for missing data impu…
Estimation under missing data shows computational and statistical limits for Gaussian data.
problem Estimation of population parameters in high-dimensional data with missing data.
method Analysis of computational and statistical limits for mean and covariance estimation, and linear regression.
result Statistical-computational gaps exist for mean and covariance estimation, but not for linear regression.
PLS-SVD struggles with missing data in multimodal datasets, showing a phase transition in performance.
problem Missing data in PLS-SVD for multimodal datasets.
method Replica-symmetric analysis of spiked rectangular random matrices with missing entries.
result PLS-SVD performance transitions from uninformative to informative singular vectors at a critical signal-to-noise threshold.
Bayes predictor remains robust to ignorable missingness shifts.
problem Challenges in prediction with missing covariates and shifts in missingness reasons.
method Bayesian approach and different prediction methods.
result Bayes predictor remains unchanged by ignorable shifts, but robust prediction requires disregarding missingness for non-ignorable shifts.
Missing values frequently arise in modern biomedical studies due to various reasons, including missing tests or complex profiling technologies for different omics measurements. Missing values can complicate the application of clustering algorithms, whose goals are to group points based on some similarity criterion. A c…
Two new methods improve clustering with missing data.
problem Handling missing data in Gaussian Mixture Models.
method Proposes two methods using Monte Carlo Expectation-Maximization (MCEM) for data augmentation.
result Proposed methods outperform multiple imputation in clustering and density estimation.
Paper explores Bayes rule for Gaussian mixtures with missing data, outperforming supervised classifiers.
problem Improving classification accuracy in partially classified samples with missing data.
method Generative model framework with missing-data mechanism, Bayes rule allocation.
result Bayes rule classifier with missing-data mechanism outperforms fully supervised classifiers in various conditions.
When training a machine learning model with observational data, it is often encountered that some values are systemically missing. Learning from the incomplete data in which the missingness depends on some covariates may lead to biased estimation of parameters and even harm the fairness of decision outcome. This paper …
Proposes a robust method for predicting missing outcomes in covariate shift adaptation.
problem Predicting missing outcomes in test data with covariate shift.
method Doubly robust estimator for covariate shift adaptation via importance weighting, incorporating an additional estimator for the regression function.
result Shows robustness against density-ratio estimation errors, maintaining consistency if either estimator is consistent.
New method tackles MNAR missingness in domain adaptation.
problem Handling missingness in both source and target data.
method Reduces MNAR missingness to imputation problem, leveraging recent MNAR imputation methods.
result Developed a novel domain adaptation procedure for MNAR missingness shift.
Two-stage TMLE reduces bias and improves efficiency in CRTs.
problem Differential outcome measurement and imbalance in baseline predictors in CRTs.
method Two-stage targeted minimum loss-based estimator (TMLE) to adjust for baseline covariates.
result Our approach nearly eliminates bias due to differential outcome measurement.
Adapts conformal prediction for missing data, ensuring valid coverage.
problem Uncertainty quantification with missing covariates.
method Proposes a reweighted conformal prediction procedure for handling missing values.
result Guaranteed Marginal Coverage and Mask-Conditional Validity for general missing data mechanisms.
Inferring causal effects of a treatment, intervention or policy from observational data is central to many applications. However, state-of-the-art methods for causal inference seldom consider the possibility that covariates have missing values, which is ubiquitous in many real-world analyses. Missing data greatly compl…
Valid causal inference in observational studies often requires controlling for confounders. However, in practice measurements of confounders may be noisy, and can lead to biased estimates of causal effects. We show that we can reduce the bias caused by measurement noise using a large number of noisy measurements of the…
New method for tensor classification with missing data.
problem Handling incomplete tensor data in high-dimensional classification.
method High-dimensional tensor linear discriminant analysis with TGMM and Tensor LDA-MD.
result Established convergence rates and minimax optimal bounds for misclassification rate.
Bayesian method for imputing missing values in tensor data.
problem Missing data in multi-way arrays (tensors) in biomedical studies.
method Flexible Bayesian framework with conjugate priors for CP factorization.
result Accurately captures uncertainty in microbiome profiles at missing timepoints.
The salient properties of large empirical covariance and correlation matrices are studied for three datasets of size 54, 55 and 330. The covariance is defined as a simple cross product of the returns, with weights that decay logarithmically slowly. The key general properties of the covariance matrices are the following…