arXiv research

We present a history of the Baum-Connes conjecture, the methods involved, the current status, and the mathematics it generated.

AI aids in mathematics research and problem-solving.

Ehlers-Kundt conjecture is a physical assertion about the fundamental role of plane waves for the description of gravitational waves. Mathematically, it becomes equivalent to a problem on the Euclidean plane ${\mathbb R}^2$ with a very simple formulation in Classical Mechanics: given a non-necessarily autonomous potent…

In this note we will review the most important results and questions related to Chern conjecture and isoparametric hypersurfaces, as well as their interactions and applications to various aspects in mathematics.

Mathematically proves SYZ conjecture for conifold transition.

This study investigates porosity and topological properties of TPMS using machine learning.

For a given quantum field theory, provided the area of the entangling surface is fixed, what surface maximizes entanglement entropy? We analyze the answer to this question in four and higher dimensions. Surprisingly, in four dimensions the answer is related to a mathematical problem of finding surfaces which minimize t…

Self-supervised skip-tree training improves mathematical reasoning in language models.

Proves conjectured capillary Blaschke-Santaló inequality for certain convex hypersurfaces.

Paper confirms Chen's biharmonic conjecture for hypersurfaces in 5D.

The mathematical physicists Bershadsky-Cecotti-Ooguri-Vafa (BCOV) proposed, in a seminal article from '94, a conjecture extending genus zero mirror symmetry to higher genera. With a view towards a refined formulation of the Grothendieck-Riemann-Roch theorem, we offer a mathematical description of the BCOV conjecture at…

This survey was written for the Current Developments in Mathematics conference, 2012, and is an updating of my article "The Strominger-Yau-Zaslow conjecture: From torus fibrations to degenerations," in the Seattle 2005 proceedings. We trace progress and thinking about the SYZ conjecture since its introduction in 1996. …

This is lecture notes of a talk I gave at the Morningside Center of Mathematics on June 20, 2006. In this talk, I survey on Poincare and geometrization conjecture.

The Willmore conjecture, proposed in 1965, concerns the quest to find the best torus of all. This problem has inspired a lot of mathematics over the years, helping bringing together ideas from subjects like conformal geometry, partial differential equations, algebraic geometry and geometric measure theory. In this arti…

Geometrization Theorem solves complex geometry problems.

Motivated by the cosmic censorship conjecture in mathematical relativity, we establish the precise mass lower bound for an asymptotically flat Riemannian 3-manifold with nonnegative scalar curvature and minimal surface boundary, in terms of angular momentum and charge. In particular this result does not require the res…

This paper gives mathematical models for flat knotted ribbons, and makes specific conjectures for the least length of ribbon (for a given width) needed to tie the trefoil knot and the figure eight knot. The first conjecture states that (for width one) the least length of ribbon needed to tie an open-ended trefoil knot …

Penrose's conjecture links black holes and gravitational singularities.

Mathematical framework to understand neural network vulnerability.

Lecture notes on advanced geometry equations and subvarieties.

Researchers solved a conjecture about a mathematical structure of connected sums of solid tori.

In math.GT/0106017 it was shown that thin position on Heegaard spines can be a useful tool for analyzing the topology of knots in 3-space. The proof there (specifically, of the Goda-Teragaito conjecture) requires masses of technical detail; it is easy to lose track of the underlying ideas. The present paper gives an ov…

We correct a mistake in Shen Yibing, Yu Yaoyong, On Projectively Related Randers Metrics, International Journal of Mathematics 19}(2008), no. 5, 503--520, and prove the natural generalization of the projective Lichnerowicz-Obata conjecture for Randers metrics.

Unified proof of Aigner's conjectures using geodesics.

Treating a conjecture, P^#P != NP, on the separation of complexity classes as an axiom, an implication is found in three manifold topology with little obvious connection to complexity theory. This is reminiscent of Harvey Friedman's work on finitistic interpretations of large cardinal axioms.

It has been conjectured that every $(2+1)$-TQFT is a Chern-Simons-Witten (CSW) theory labelled by a pair $(G,λ)$, where $G$ is a compact Lie group, and $λ\in H^4(BG;Z)$ a cohomology class. We study two TQFTs constructed from Jones' subfactor theory which are believed to be counterexamples to this conjecture: one is the…

This paper constructs cohomological Hall algebras for 3-Calabi-Yau categories.

In this article we show that some of the recent results of Marino, Moore, and Peradze (math.DG/9812042, hep-th/9812055) -- in particular their conjecture that all closed, smooth four-manifolds with b_2^+ > 1 (and Seiberg-Witten simple type) are of `superconformal simple type' -- can be understood using a simple mathema…

Classifies fake surfaces up to complexity 5.

The Ricci flow has been of fundamental importance in mathematics, most famously though its use as a tool for proving the Poincaré Conjecture and Thurston's Geometrization Conjecture. It has a parallel life in physics, arising as the first order approximation of the Renormalization Group flow for the nonlinear sigma mod…

A famous conjecture in gauge theory mathematics, attributed to Witten, suggests that the polynomial invariants of Donaldson are expressible in terms of the Seiberg-Witten invariants if the underlying four-manifold is of simple type. Mathematicians have sought a proof of the conjecture by means of a `cobordism program' …

The topological recursion of Eynard and Orantin governs a variety of problems in enumerative geometry and mathematical physics. The recursion uses the data of a spectral curve to define an infinite family of multidifferentials. It has been conjectured that, under certain conditions, the spectral curve possesses a non-c…

Machine learning classifies braids and discovers new invariants.

In this short Note, we establish that the constant $C_1$ in Lemma $0.4$ of the correction (Correction to Section 19.2 of Ricci Flow and the Poincare Conjecture, arXiv/math/DG:1512.00699 (2015)) by John Morgan and Gang Tian to their Clay Institute Monograph (Ricci Flow and the Poincare Conjecture, vol. 3, Clay Mathemati…

We define higher genus Gromov-Witten invariants and establish a mathematical theory of sigma model coupled with gravity over any semi-positive symplectic manifolds. As applications, we verify the stablizing conjecture of symplectic 4-manifolds for simply connected elliptic surfaces and construct smooth 6-manifolds admi…

The paper proves a precise SYZ conjecture for toric Calabi-Yau manifolds with singular fibers.

Study shows challenges in reinforcement learning math problems, proposing enhancements and a hardness measure.

Defines a map connecting 3d-index and skein module.

This expository article is an expanded version of talks given at the "Current Developments in Mathematics, 2002" conference. It gives an introduction to the (generalized) conjecture of Rapoport and Goresky-MacPherson which identifies the intersection cohomology of a real equal-rank Satake compactification of a locally …

Empirical analysis is often the first step towards the birth of a conjecture. This is the case of the Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer (BSD) Conjecture describing the rational points on an elliptic curve, one of the most celebrated unsolved problems in mathematics. Here we extend the original empirical approach, to the analysis o…

Cluster varieties are geometric objects that have recently found applications in several areas of mathematics and mathematical physics. This thesis studies the geometry of a large class of cluster varieties associated to compact oriented surfaces with boundary. The main original contribution of this thesis is to develo…

A longstanding question in superstring/$M$ theory is does it predict supersymmetry below the string scale? We formulate and discuss a necessary condition for this to be true; this is the mathematical conjecture that all stable, compact Ricci flat manifolds have special holonomy in dimensions below eleven. Almost equiva…

Using probabilistic methods, we first define Liouville quantum field theory on Riemann surfaces of genus $\mathbf{g}\geq 2$ and show that it is a conformal field theory. We use the partition function of Liouville quantum field theory to give a mathematical sense to Polyakov's partition function of noncritical bosonic s…

Mathematical Reinforcement Learning faces a 'Two-Hump' problem due to sparse rewards and a scarcity of intermediate 'hard-but-solvable' instances.

Surveying connections between algebraic geometry and surface topology.

We give a quick tour through many of the classical results in the field of minimal submanifolds, starting at the definition. The field of minimal submanifolds remains extremely active and has very recently seen major developments that have solved many longstanding open problems and conjectures; for more on this, see th…

We consider restrictions placed by geodesic completeness on spacetimes possessing a null parallel vector field, the so-called Brinkmann spacetimes. This class of spacetimes includes important idealized gravitational wave models in General Relativity, namely the plane-fronted waves with parallel rays, or pp-waves, which…

The tetrahedral index connects to a q-Bessel function, revealing new mathematical techniques.