arXiv research

Study shows lower central subgroups of a subgroup don't contain those of the free group.

Study on braid groups' congruence subgroups and their crystallographic quotients.

Discrete commensurators of certain subgroups of PSL2(R) proven.

We determine the lower central and derived series of the n-string braid groups B_n(RP^2) of the real projective plane. We are motivated in part by the study of Fadell-Neuwirth short exact sequences, but the problem is interesting in its own right. For n=1,2, B_n(RP^2) is finite and its lower central and derived series …

Study non-standard bi-orders on punctured torus bundles, matching standard ones in key subgroups.

We prove that every term of the lower central series and Johnson filtrations of the Torelli subgroups of the mapping class group and the automorphism group of a free group are finitely generated in a stable range. This was originally proved for the commutator subgroup by Ershov-He.

New curves share invariant up to any fixed order.

Study on when the lower central series stops for various groups, including braid groups.

We show that two knots have matching Vassiliev invariants of order less than n if and only if they are equivalent modulo the nth group of the lower central series of some pure braid group, thus characterizing Vassiliev's knot invariants in terms of the structure of the braid groups. We also prove some results about kno…

Delta finite-type invariants are defined analogously to finite-type invariants, using delta moves instead of crossing changes. We show that they are closely related to the lower central series of the commutator subgroup of the pure braid group.

We prove that every term of the lower central series and Johnson filtrations of the Torelli subgroups of the mapping class group and the automorphism group of a free group is finitely generated in a linear stable range. This was originally proved for the second terms by Ershov and He.

In the study of the relation between the mapping class group M of a surface and the theory of finite-type invariants of homology 3-spheres, three subgroups of the mapping class group play a large role. They are the Torelli group, the Johnson subgroup K and a new subgroup L, which contains K, defined by a choice of a La…

We prove a global fixed point theorem for the centralizer of a homeomorphism of the two dimensional disk $D$ that has attractor-repeller dynamics on the boundary with at least two attractors and two repellers. As one application, we show that there is a finite index subgroup of the centralizer of a pseudo-Anosov homeom…

This paper continues our exploration of homology cobordism of 3-manifolds using our recent results on Cheeger-Gromov rho-invariants associated to amenable representations. We introduce a new type of torsion in 3-manifold groups we call hidden torsion, and an algebraic approximation we call local hidden torsion. We cons…

``What aspects of a group are unchanged, or stable, under homology equivalences''? The model theorem in this regard is the 1963 result of J. Stallings that the lower central series is preserved under any integral homological equivalence of groups. Various other theorems of this nature have since appeared. Stallings him…

Let A denote either the automorphism group of the free group of rank n>=4 or the mapping class group of an orientable surface of genus n>=12 with at most 1 boundary component, and let G be either the subgroup of IA-automorphisms or the Torelli subgroup of A, respectively. For a natural number N denote by G_N the Nth te…

The paper constructs finite generating sets for complex algebraic structures.

Let n\geq 3. We classify the finite groups which are realised as subgroups of the sphere braid group B_n(S^2). Such groups must be of cohomological period 2 or 4. Depending on the value of n, we show that the following are the maximal finite subgroups of B_n(S^2): Z_{2(n-1)}; the dicyclic groups of order 4n and 4(n-2);…

For a certain class of compact oriented 3-manifolds, M. Goussarov and K. Habiro have conjectured that the information carried by finite-type invariants should be characterized in terms of ``cut-and-paste'' operations defined by the lower central series of the Torelli group of a surface. In this paper, we observe that t…

We prove that groups that are mod-p-homology equivalent are isomorphic modulo any term of their derived p-series, in precise analogy to Stallings' 1963 result for the lower-central p-series. Similarly spaces that are mod-p-homology equivalent have fundamental groups that are isomorphic modulo any term of their p-derive…

Let F_n be the free group on n generators. Define IA_n to be group of automorphisms of F_n that act trivially on first homology. The Johnson homomorphism in this setting is a map from IA_n to its abelianization. The first goal of this paper is to determine how much this map contributes to the second rational cohomology…

We investigate the resonance varieties, lower central series ranks, and Chen ranks of the pure virtual braid groups and their upper-triangular subgroups. As an application, we give a complete answer to the 1-formality question for this class of groups. In the process, we explore various connections between the Alexande…

We show that many normal subgroups of the braid group modulo its centre, and of the mapping class group of a sphere with marked points, have the property that their automorphism and abstract commensurator groups are mapping class groups of such spheres. As one application, we establish the automorphism groups of each t…

We show, finitely generated rational $\mathsf{VIC}_{\mathbb Q}$-modules and $\mathsf{SI}_{\mathbb Q}$-modules are uniformly representation stable and all their submodules are finitely generated. We use this to prove two conjectures of Church and Farb, which state that the quotients of the lower central series of the To…

Finite subgroups of good groups correspond to their profinite completions.

Our aim is to determine the lower central series (LCS) and derived series (DS) for the braid groups of the sphere and of the finitely-punctured sphere. We show that for all n (resp. all n\geq 5), the LCS (resp. DS) of the n-string braid group B\_n(S^2) is constant from the commutator subgroup onwards, and that Γ\_2(B\_…

Enhances stability ranges for Torelli and congruence subgroup homologies.

The study explores automorphisms and centralizers in free group outer automorphisms.

For a oriented genus g surface with one boundary component, S, the Torelli group is the group of orientation preserving homeomorphisms of S that induce the identity on homology. The Magnus representation of the Torelli group represents the action on F/F" where F=pi_1(S) and F" is the second term of the derived series. …

Study shows shorter words for group elements in surface groups and RAAGs.

In this paper, we show that for every abelian subgroup $H$ of a Garside group, some conjugate $g^{-1}Hg$ consists of ultra summit elements and the centralizer of $H$ is a finite index subgroup of the normalizer of $H$. Combining with the results on translation numbers in Garside groups, we obtain an easy proof of the a…

Study subgroups of pro-$p$ PD^3 groups, finding specific conditions.

The paper explores infinite metacyclic subgroups in mapping class groups of surfaces.

Study on virtual knot groups and their lower central series properties.

New findings on Johnson kernel's top homology group.

We establish a cubic lower bound on the Dehn function of a certain finitely presented subgroup of a direct product of 3 free groups.

We establish new strong lower bounds on the (subnormal) subgroup growth of a large class of groups. This includes the fundamental groups of all finite-volume hyperbolic 3-manifolds and all (free non-abelian)-by-cyclic groups. The lower bound is nearly exponential, which should be compared with the fastest possible subg…

We determine the lower central series and corresponding residual properties for braid groups and pure braid groups of orientable surfaces.

Study shows a central limit theorem for random coverings of manifolds with nilpotent groups.

Anosov subgroups generalize convex-cocompact groups in hyperbolic geometry.

This paper is a study of the subgroups of the mapping class groups of Riemann surfaces, called "geometric" subgroups, corresponding to the inclusion of subsurfaces. Our analysis includes surfaces with boundary and with punctures. The centres of all the mapping class groups are calculated. We determine the kernel of inc…

We let $\varphi$ be an ageometric fully irreducible outer automorphism so that its Handel-Mosher axis bundle consists of a single unique axis. We show that the centralizer $Cen(\langle\varphi\rangle)$ of the cyclic subgroup generated by $\varphi$ equals the stabilizer $\text{Stab}(Λ^+_\varphi)$ of the attracting lamina…

Study shows conjugacy of torsion in genus 2 surfaces.

Researchers determine the rational abelianization of a subgroup of mapping class groups.

In the vein of Bonfert-Taylor, Bridgeman, Canary, and Taylor we introduce the notion of quasiconformal homogeneity for closed oriented hyperbolic surfaces restricted to subgroups of the mapping class group. We find uniform lower bounds for the associated quasiconformal homogeneity constants across all closed hyperbolic…

Let $n, k \geq 3$. In this paper, we analyse the quotient group $B\_n/Γ\_k(P\_n)$ of the Artin braid group $B\_n$ by the subgroup $Γ\_k(P\_n)$ belonging to the lower central series of the Artin pure braid group $P\_n$. We prove that it is an almost-crystallographic group. We then focus more specifically on the case $k=…

We give a small generating set for the twist subgroup of the mapping class group of a non-orientable surface by Dehn twists. The difference between the number of the generators and a lower bound of numbers of generators for the twist subgroup by Dehn twists is one. The lower bounds is obtained from an argument of Hiros…

In this paper, we investigate the structure of the automorphism groups of pure braid groups. We prove that, for $n>3$, $\Aut(P_n)$ is generated by the subgroup $\Aut_c(P_n)$ of central automorphisms of $P_n$, the subgroup $\Aut(B_n)$ of restrictions of automorphisms of $B_n$ on $P_n$ and one extra automorphism $w_n$. W…