New link groups are derived from torus necklaces, connecting braid groups to reflection groups.
problem Understanding the relationship between braid groups and reflection groups.
method Constructing torus necklaces and linking them to braid groups of J-reflection groups. result Link groups of torus necklaces are precisely braid groups of J-reflection groups, with meridians as braid reflections. This work shows non-abelian quotient groups in string link concordance.
problem Understanding the structure of string link concordance groups.
method Analyzing the quotient groups formed by string link concordance and pure braid groups.
result The quotient of each string link concordance group by its pure braid subgroup is non-abelian.
It is known that if a classical link group is a free abelian group, then its rank is at most two. It is also known that a k-component 2-link group (k>1) is not free abelian. In this paper, we give examples of T2-links each of whose link groups is a free abelian group of rank three or four. Concerning the T2-l…
Investigates BNSR invariants of link and knot groups, proving specific properties.
problem Characterizing finiteness properties of normal subgroups in link and knot groups.
method Analyzes BNSR invariants of link and knot groups, proving specific properties.
result Proves specific conditions for finiteness properties of link and knot groups.
The paper introduces two-tone colorings for links and shows conditions for surjective dihedral representations.
problem The challenge is to find conditions for links to admit surjective dihedral representations.
method The method involves introducing two-tone colorings and providing conditions for the link groups to admit such representations.
result Any link with at least 3 components admits a surjective homomorphism to the dihedral group of arbitrary degree.
Study of intrinsic symmetry groups of links, finding counterexamples.
problem Whether every subgroup of the symmetric group is an intrinsic symmetry group of some link.
method Defined intrinsic symmetry groups and provided counterexamples.
result For n > 5, there does not exist an n-component link L for which S(L) is the alternating group.
The paper introduces n-moves for links and studies their Burnside groups.
problem Distinguishing links that are not equivalent to trivial links up to n-moves. method Introduced nth Burnside groups of links and used them to prove counterexamples for the Montesinos-Nakanishi 3-move conjecture. result There exist links that are not equivalent to trivial links up to p-moves for any odd prime p. Core groups are link invariants defined by arc or region presentations.
problem Defining link invariants using different presentations of arcs and regions.
method Introducing core groups as link invariants defined by presentations involving arcs or regions, and extending these to virtual link diagrams.
result Properties of core groups and their extensions to virtual link diagrams are discussed.
Periodic links' groups relate via homomorphisms to finite groups.
problem Relating groups of periodic links.
method Relating groups via counting homomorphisms to finite groups.
result Groups of periodic links can be related by homomorphisms.
Characterizes knot groups and symmetric quandles of surface-links.
problem Characterize knot groups and symmetric quandles of surface-links.
method Used plat presentations for surface-links and closed 2-dimensional braids.
result Generalized results to include non-orientable surface-links and showed that dihedral quandles can be realized as symmetric quandles of surface-links.
Special covers of alternating links have finite index subgroups in certain groups.
problem Understanding the structure of alternating link complements and their subgroups.
method Constructing special covers with bounded degree and embedding into specific groups.
result Explicit bounds on the index of subgroups in right-angled Artin and Coxeter groups.
This paper classifies virtual string links up to cobordism using group theory.
problem Classifying virtual string links up to cobordism.
method Using group theory, specifically the group Zn(n−1). result Virtual string links up to cobordism are classified by elements of Zn(n−1). The paper refines triple linking numbers and connects them to surface systems.
problem Understanding the relationship between triple linking numbers and surface systems.
method Analyzing the homeomorphic surface systems and using group theory properties.
result Conditions for homeomorphic surface systems are equivalent to refined triple linking numbers.
New groups from virtual link stacks distinguish Kishino knots.
problem Detecting and distinguishing Kishino knots from the unknot and from each other.
method Constructing groups from virtual link stacks and using them to distinguish knots.
result The groups constructed using this method distinguish all Kishino knots from the unknot and from each other.
Surface-links with specific groups are always trivial.
problem Understanding when surface-links are trivial.
method Analyzing surface-links with meridian-based free fundamental groups.
result Disconnected surface-links with meridian-based free fundamental groups are trivial.
Riley "defined" the Heckoid groups for 2-bridge links as Kleinian groups, with nontrivial torsion, generated by two parabolic transformations, and he constructed an infinite family of epimorphisms from 2-bridge link groups onto Heckoid groups. In this paper, we make Riley's definition explicit, and give a systematic co…
We introduce the (general) homotopy groups of spheres as link invariants for Brunnian-type links through the investigations on the intersection subgroup of the normal closures of the meridians of strongly nonsplittable links. The homotopy groups measure the difference between the intersection subgroup and symmetric com…
We study surface links whose link groups are free abelian, and construct various stimulating and highly non-trivial examples of such surface links.
New examples of hyperbolic links with generalized torsion elements found.
problem Finding generalized torsion elements in the fundamental groups of hyperbolic links.
method Analyzing the Weeks manifold, figure-eight sister manifold, and Whitehead sister link to identify generalized torsion elements.
result First examples of hyperbolic links with link groups admitting generalized torsion elements.
Study Alexander polynomials of links in 3-torus.
problem Investigate Alexander polynomials of links in 3-torus.
method Diagrammatic approach, Reidemeister moves, fundamental group, homology group, Alexander polynomials, twisted Alexander polynomials.
result Computed Alexander and twisted Alexander polynomials of links in 3-torus.
Study shows how to create 2-links with any group in 4-manifolds.
problem Creating 2-links with any given group in 4-manifolds.
method Constructing simply connected 4-manifolds containing 2-links with specific properties.
result 2-links can have any group as their 2-link group.
Study proves meridional rank conjecture for certain complex links.
problem Determining the minimum number of generators needed for link groups.
method Using Coxeter quotients and Wirtinger numbers, the study provides both lower and upper bounds.
result Proved meridional rank conjecture for specific types of links.
This paper explores links from Thompson's group conjugacy classes.
problem Understanding the relationship between Thompson's group conjugacy classes and links.
method Using Jones's construction to link elements of F to unoriented links. result Found sequences of elements from distinct conjugacy classes yielding specific links.
Link quandles are shown to be residually finite.
problem Residual finiteness of link quandles.
method Proving residual finiteness of free products of residually finite quandles with residually finite associated groups.
result Link quandles are residually finite.
Classifies isotopy classes of links from Thompson's group F and its subgroup.
problem Classify isotopy classes of links from Thompson's group F and its subgroup.
method Introduced a method to produce links from elements of Thompson's group F and its subgroup.
result Classified isotopy classes of links from Thompson's group F and its subgroup.
New method associates annular links to elements of Thompson's group T.
problem Associating annular links to elements of Thompson's group T.
method Edge-signed graphs embedded in annuli and unitary representations of T.
result Tait graphs of annular links can be constructed from elements of T.
In Part I of this series of papers, we made Riley's definition of Heckoid groups for 2-bridge links explicit, and gave a systematic construction of epimorphisms from 2-bridge link groups onto Heckoid groups, generalizing Riley's construction. In this paper, we give a complete characterization of upper-meridian-pair-pre…
Study algebraic concordance groups for non-trivial links.
problem Invariance of signature, Fox-Milnor condition, and Blanchfield pairing under concordance.
method Defined algebraic concordance groups using generalized Seifert matrices.
result Recovery of invariance of signature, Fox-Milnor condition, and Blanchfield pairing for concordant links.
New representation connects two link invariants.
problem Link invariants of different types.
method Augmentation representation of link group.
result Connects two types of link invariants.
Technical report classifies all principal congruence link groups.
problem Classifying all principal congruence link complements in S^3.
method Comprehensive case analysis, necessary computations, and computer programs.
result Complete classification of all principal congruence link groups.
For a link L in the 3-sphere and for a prime p, we express the p-primary information on the first homology group of pm-fold branched covers of L in terms of its p-adic Milnor higher linking invariants, using the completed Alexander module of the pro-p completion of the link group of L.
This paper proves bi-orderability of two-bridge link groups.
problem Bi-orderability of two-bridge link groups.
method Modified graph theoretic construction of Hirasawa and Murasugi to understand Alexander subgroups.
result Bi-orderability of a large family of two-bridge link groups.
New peripheral structure for core groups detects noninvertible knots.
problem Detecting noninvertible knots and links.
method Introduced a new peripheral structure for core groups.
result The new structure detects noninvertibility of some knots and links.
Computes group of ring motions for a specific link structure.
problem Computing the group of motions for a specific type of link.
method Study of a short exact sequence of groups of ring motions for general ring links in R^3.
result Builds a presentation for the group of motions of H-trivial links with an arbitrary number of components.
Finite Goeritz groups for links with long bridge decompositions.
problem Characterizing Goeritz groups of links.
method Proving finite Goeritz groups for links with specific bridge decompositions.
result Finite Goeritz groups for links with distance at least 6.
Affine links in projective space have a specific group property.
problem Characterizing links in projective space.
method Examined the fundamental group of link complements.
result Affine links have a non-trivial element of order two in their fundamental group.
Study on finite n-quandles of knots and links, computing graphs and groups.
problem Understanding finite n-quandles of specific knot types.
method Computed Cayley graphs and automorphism groups.
result Detailed data for two-bridge and torus knots and links.
In this paper, we investigate some applications of commutator subgroups to homotopy groups and geometric groups. In particular, we show that the intersection subgroups of some canonical subgroups in certain link groups modulo their symmetric commutator subgroups are isomorphic to the (higher) homotopy groups. This give…
Free surface-links are shown to be ribbon links.
problem Characterizing surface-links as ribbon links.
method Four proofs are provided, including a stabilization approach.
result Every free surface-link is a ribbon surface-link.
The groups of link bordism can be identified with homotopy groups via the Pontryagin-Thom construction. B.J. Sanderson computed the bordism group of 3 component surface-links using the Hilton-Milnor Theorem, and later gave a geometric interpretation of the groups in terms of intersections of Seifert hypersurfaces and t…
We give a systematic construction of epimorphisms between 2-bridge link groups. Moreover, we show that 2-bridge links having such an epimorphism between their link groups are related by a map between the ambient spaces which only have a certain specific kind of singularity. We show applications of these epimorphisms to…
We introduce generalized arrow diagrams and generalized Reidemeister moves for diagrams of links in Seifert fibered spaces. We give a presentation of the fundamental group of the link complement. As a corollary we are able to compute the first homology group of the complement and the twisted Alexander polynomials of th…
New invariant counts SU(2) representations for links.
problem Counting irreducible SU(2) representations for links.
method Signed count of irreducible representations with fixed traces.
result Invariant is a sum of multivariable signatures for specific links.
Positive Thompson links are proven for oriented subgroup elements.
problem Proving properties of Thompson links with positive elements.
method Analyzing elements of the oriented subgroup of the Thompson group.
result Positive oriented Thompson links are established.
Abstract: New invariants for links and three-manifolds from finite groups.
problem Creating invariants for links and three-manifolds.
method Using finite groups to define R−matrices and extended R−matrices, constructing invariants through colored tangle categories. result Invariants for links and three-manifolds are group invariants.
New virtual version of Thompson's group created to handle virtual knots.
problem Creating a mathematical framework for virtual knots.
method Defining a virtual version of Thompson's group and proving its properties.
result Any virtual link can be constructed from an element of the new virtual Thompson's group.
Link groups can only have certain SU(2) representations.
problem Characterizing SU(2) representations of link groups.
method Analyzing the structure of link groups and their representations in SU(2).
result Irreducible SU(2) representations of link groups are restricted to specific configurations.
Study links using quandles and groups, proving key properties.
problem Understanding links through algebraic structures.
method Analyzing modules and quandles, focusing on metabelian quotients and medial quandles.
result Fundamental multivariate Alexander quandle is isomorphic to the metabelian quotient of the link group.