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arXiv research

A locally-built, LLM-digested index of recent arXiv papers in quant finance, geometry/topology, and statistical ML — keyword search served straight from SQLite on this machine.

168,657 papers · 148 categories

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96192287383 · Jun 202019922001200920172026
48 results for learning-theoretic bounds

Develops hypothesis tests for conditional distributions using learning-theoretic bounds.

problem Testing differences in conditional distributions and functionals.
method Transforming learning-theoretic bounds into hypothesis tests for conditional expectations.
result Establishes comprehensive foundation for conditional testing, including theoretical guarantees and practical implementations.

Graph neural networks generalize well under certain conditions, explained by learning theory.

problem Understanding why graph neural networks generalize well in transductive inference.
method Analysis of transductive Rademacher complexity to explain generalization properties of graph convolutional networks.
result Transductive Rademacher complexity can explain the generalization of graph convolutional networks for node classification in stochastic block models.

Common statistical practice has shown that the full power of Bayesian methods is not realized until hierarchical priors are used, as these allow for greater "robustness" and the ability to "share statistical strength." Yet it is an ongoing challenge to provide a learning-theoretically sound formalism of such notions th…

2015-05-19abs ↗pdf ↗

We propose a novel combination of optimization tools with learning theory bounds in order to analyze the sample complexity of optimal kernel sum classifiers. This contrasts the typical learning theoretic results which hold for all (potentially suboptimal) classifiers. Our work also justifies assumptions made in prior w…

2019-01-25abs ↗pdf ↗

We derive bounds for a notion of adversarial risk, designed to characterize the robustness of linear and neural network classifiers to adversarial perturbations. Specifically, we introduce a new class of function transformations with the property that the risk of the transformed functions upper-bounds the adversarial r…

2018-10-22abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper tackles extrapolation in extreme regions of regression problems.

problem Extrapolation on the tails of covariates in continuous regression problems.
method Statistical regression on a subsample of furthest observations, focusing on their angular components, using multivariate regular variation theory.
result Quantifies predictive performance on tail regions in terms of excess risk, presenting it as a finite sample risk bound with a bias-variance decomposition.

Paper analyzes approximation and learning of MoEs with (P)ReLU activation.

problem Scaling up deep learning models with MoEs and (P)ReLU activation.
method Approximation and learning-theoretic analysis of MoMLPs with (P)ReLU.
result MoMLPs can uniformly approximate Lipschitz functions with ε\varepsilon accuracy using O(ε1)\mathcal{O}(\varepsilon^{-1}) parameters.

The paper connects machine learning interpretability with learning theory.

problem Performance and explanation generalization in local machine learning models.
method Theoretical analysis and empirical validation of local approximation explanations.
result Theoretical bounds on test-time accuracy and explanation generalization.

New research on limits of transfer learning, proving key selection and dependence requirements.

problem Insufficient theoretical foundation for transfer learning.
method Proved novel results on transfer learning, emphasizing selection of information and dependence between domains.
result Upper bound on improvement possible with transfer learning, highlighting the need for careful selection.

Study identifies and analyzes three types of errors in learning Fourier operators.

problem Statistical, discretization, and truncation errors in learning Fourier operators.
method Analysis of a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) based least squares estimator.
result Established upper and lower bounds on statistical, discretization, and truncation errors.

Despite the huge empirical success of deep learning, theoretical understanding of neural networks learning process is still lacking. This is the reason, why some of its features seem "mysterious". We emphasize two mysteries of deep learning: generalization mystery, and optimization mystery. In this essay we review and …

2019-05-17abs ↗pdf ↗

This paper investigates domain generalization: How to take knowledge acquired from an arbitrary number of related domains and apply it to previously unseen domains? We propose Domain-Invariant Component Analysis (DICA), a kernel-based optimization algorithm that learns an invariant transformation by minimizing the diss…

2013-01-10abs ↗pdf ↗

Develops a method to ensure accuracy of few-shot transfer learning models.

problem Lack of generalization guarantees for low-data transfer learning.
method Trains a distribution over PEFT parameters using upstream tasks and samples plausible PEFTs for downstream tasks.
result Demonstrates non-vacuous generalization guarantees compared to existing methods in the low-shot regime.

The paper explores stability and generalization of deep GCNs.

problem Understanding the stability and generalization of deep GCNs from a theoretical perspective.
method Theoretical analysis of stability and generalization properties of deep GCNs.
result The stability and generalization of deep GCNs are influenced by the maximum absolute eigenvalue of the graph filter operators and the depth of the network.

New algorithms detect and react to multiple change points in online learning.

problem Learning under multiple change points in environments with unknown and frequent shifts.
method Proposed Anytime Tracking CUSUM (ATC) algorithms that balance detection of significant shifts.
result Properly tuned ATC algorithms achieve nearly minimax-optimal performance.

New framework models echo chamber learning, proving tight bounds on algorithm performance.

problem Echo chambers in machine learning where systems learn from self-annotated data.
method Online Learning in the Replay Setting, Extended Threshold dimension, closure-based learner.
result Proves tight bounds on algorithm performance against replay adversaries.

New algorithm extracts features from superpositions in machine learning models.

problem Challenges in extracting interpretable features from complex models in superposition.
method An efficient query algorithm that identifies non-degenerate feature directions and reconstructs the function.
result Identifies all feature directions whose responses are non-degenerate and reconstructs the function \( f \) in a general superposition setting.

High-dimensional models become unstable when sample size falls below a critical level, leading to a phase transition.

problem Instability in high-dimensional learning models when sample size is insufficient.
method Proved the necessity of a Fisher eigenvalue threshold for stability, introduced Fisher floor for verification.
result A sharp phase transition between reliable concentration and inevitable failure in high-dimensional learning.

Proves generalization bounds for SGD using Feller processes and Hausdorff dimension.

problem Characterizing generalization properties of SGD in deep learning.
method Proves generalization bounds for SGD under Feller process approximation, linking generalization error to the Hausdorff dimension of trajectories.
result Generalization error controlled by the Hausdorff dimension of trajectories, which is linked to the tail behavior of the driving process.

The paper introduces a new framework to understand and optimize deep neural networks.

problem Understanding and optimizing the trainability and generalization of deep neural networks.
method Developed a conjugate learning theoretical framework based on convex conjugate duality.
result Demonstrated that training deep neural networks with SGD achieves global optima of empirical risk.

We solve ElasticNet regularization tuning across multiple instances with provable guarantees.

problem Tuning ElasticNet regularization coefficients across multiple problem instances.
method Characterized ElasticNet loss as a piecewise-rational function, derived structural complexity bounds, and showed generalization and online learning guarantees.
result First general learning-theoretic guarantees for ElasticNet tuning without strong data distribution assumptions.

The paper reviews MARL and its causal challenges, advocating for a 'causality first' approach.

problem Challenges in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) and lack of theoretical guarantees for emergent behavior.
method Discussion of how causal methods can improve safety, interpretability, and robustness in MARL.
result Causal methods can provide strong theoretical guarantees for emergent behavior in MARL.

This work analyzes CVaR under heavy-tailed data, providing generalization and robustness bounds.

problem Understanding CVaR's behavior under heavy-tailed data and rare high-impact losses.
method Learning-theoretic analysis of CVaR-based empirical risk minimization.
result Sharp, high-probability generalization and excess risk bounds under minimal moment assumptions.

The paper presents a framework to quantify the trade-off between synthetic and real data.

problem Improving generalization with synthetic data when real data is scarce.
method Learning-theoretic framework leveraging algorithmic stability to derive generalization error bounds.
result Optimal synthetic-to-real data ratio minimizing expected test error as a function of Wasserstein distance.

New algorithm for online omniprediction with strong guarantees for continuous hypothesis classes.

problem Online adversarial learning with continuous hypothesis classes.
method Developed an oracle-efficient online multicalibration algorithm for infinite benchmark classes.
result First efficient online omnipredictor with strong guarantees for Lipschitz convex loss functions.

New insights into RL with weak function approximation.

problem Statistical complexity of RL with function approximation in large state spaces.
method Agnostic policy learning framework, exploring environment access, coverage, and representational conditions.
result Characterization of fundamental performance bounds and statistical separations.

Adversarial techniques learn invariant representations across multiple domains.

problem Domain generalization from diverse studies to unseen domains.
method Adversarial censoring techniques for invariant representation learning.
result Limiting behavior of adversarial loss function as the number of domains grows.

We show through theory and experiment that gradient-based explanations of a model quickly reveal the model itself. Our results speak to a tension between the desire to keep a proprietary model secret and the ability to offer model explanations. On the theoretical side, we give an algorithm that provably learns a two-la…

2018-07-13abs ↗pdf ↗

Contrastive learning outperforms autoencoders and GANs in feature recovery and downstream tasks.

problem Theoretical understanding of contrastive learning's superiority in feature learning.
method Theoretical analysis of contrastive learning in linear representation settings.
result Contrastive learning outperforms autoencoders and GANs for feature recovery and in-domain downstream tasks.