arXiv research

Motivated by the beautiful theory and the rich applications of harmonic conformal immersions and conformal immersions of constant mean curvature (CMC) surfaces, we study biharmonic conformal immersions of surfaces into a generic 3-manifold. We first derive an invariant equation for such immersions, we then try to answe…

Proves bijection between smooth conformal immersions and immersions.

Minimal moves for surfaces in 4D discovered, linking planar and spatial moves.

The paper extends Weierstrass representation to non-minimal conformal immersions.

Spinor representations of surfaces immersed into 4-dimensional pseudo-riemannian manifolds are defined in terms of minimal left ideals and tensor decompositions of Clifford algebras. The classification of spinor fields and Dirac operators on the immersed surfaces is given. The Dirac-Hestenes spinor field on surfaces im…

S. Blank solved the question of classifying immersed circles in $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ that extend to immersed disks, and how many topologically inequivalent disks can be extended. The quetions of various cases in $2$-dimension have already been solved by generalizing his method. In this paper, we give a new way, which is st…

We give a spinorial characterization of isometrically immersed surfaces of arbitrary signature into 3-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian space forms. For Lorentzian surfaces, this generalizes a recent work of the first author in $\mathbb{R}^{2,1}$ to other Lorentzian space forms. We also characterize immersions of Riemannia…

We show that immersed minimal surfaces of $\mathbb{R}^{3}$ with bounded curvature and proper self intersections are proper. We also show that the restriction of the immersing map to a wide component is always proper. When the immersing map is injective the whole surface is a wide component. Prior to these results it wa…

New method characterizes surface quadrilateral layouts as special immersions.

In this note, we investigate the relation between double points and complex points of immersed surfaces in almost-complex 4-manifolds and show how estimates for the minimal genus of embedded surfaces lead to inequalities between the number of double points and the number of complex points of an immersion. We also provi…

Unified invariant for immersed surface-links using biquandle cocycles.

Minimal surfaces can be mapped to 3D with bounded images.

Study immersions of pseudo-Riemannian manifolds into para-complex projective space.

The study classifies immersed surfaces with knot group Z in simply-connected 4-manifolds.

Study on constant curvature immersions of surfaces into flag manifolds.

A new mosaic system for immersed surface-links is introduced.

This paper is to study the $\mathbb{R}^{3}$ case of \hyperref[Zhao]{[9]}. We determine all equivalence classes of immersed $3$-manifolds bounded by an arbitrary immersed surface in $\mathbb{R}^{3}$.

We consider the isometric deformation problem for oriented non simply connected immersed minimal surfaces $f:M \to S^{4}$. We prove that the space of all isometric minimal immersions of $M$ into $S^{4}$ with the same normal curvature function is, within congruences, either finite or a circle. Furthermore, we show that …

(CMC) 1-immersions in hyperbolic 3-manifolds often develop singularities.

We study minimal immersions of closed surfaces (of genus $g \ge 2$) in hyperbolic 3-manifolds, with prescribed data $(σ, tα)$, where $σ$ is a conformal structure on a topological surface $S$, and $αdz^2$ is a holomorphic quadratic differential on the surface $(S,σ)$. We show that, for each $t \in (0,τ_0)$ for some $τ_0…

We present and apply a method for disproving the existence of polyhedral immersions in $\mathbb{R}^3$ of certain triangulations on non-orientable surfaces. In particular, it is proved that neither of the two vertex-minimal, neighborly 9-vertex triangulations of the non-orientable surface of genus 5 are realizable as im…

We introduce a new cohomology-theoretic method for classifying generic immersed curves in closed compact surfaces by using Gauss codes. This subsumes a result of J.S. Carter on classifying immersed curves in oriented compact surfaces, and provides a criterion for when an immersion is two-colorable. We note an applicati…

Proper superminimal surfaces in hyperbolic 4-space can be approximated by conformal immersions.

It is well known that surface-links in 4-space can be presented by diagrams on the plane of 4-valent spatial graphs with makers on the vertices, called marked graph diagrams. In this paper we extend the method of presenting surface-links by marked graph diagrams to presenting immersed surface-links. We also give some m…

Unified study of surfaces using Clifford algebras.

Paper proves existence of isometric immersions for negatively curved surfaces with unbounded second fundamental form.

The Square Root Normal Field (SRNF), introduced by Jermyn et al. in [3], provides a way of representing immersed surfaces in $\mathbb R^3$, and equipping the set of these immersions with a "distance function" (to be precise, a pseudometric) that is easy to compute. Importantly, this distance function is invariant under…

Minimal surfaces can't have certain epitrochoid geodesics.

Paper defines a new invariant for surface immersions.

The paper classifies biharmonic immersions and submersions in specific spheres.

We construct two infinite sequences of immersions of the 3-sphere into 4-space, parameterized by the Dynkin diagrams of types A and D. The construction is based on immersions of 4-manifolds obtained as the plumbed immersions along the weighted Dynkin diagrams. We compute their Smale invariants and bordism classes of im…

The study explores surfaces with curvature satisfying a specific relation, leading to isometric immersions and topological obstructions.

Minimal Lagrangian diffeomorphisms between spherical surfaces are rigid.

Study on singularities of Lagrangian immersions with applications in Floer theory.

New method to determine parabolic surfaces invariant under Killing fields.

Global isothermic immersions are defined and studied with the aid of a connection between quadratic differentials and immersions. The applications are two problems stemming from the fundamental question: how much data is needed to identify a surface immersion (Christoffel's problem) or its shape (Bonnet's problem). A s…

We obtain a Runge approximation theorem for holomorphic Legendrian curves and immersions in the complex projective $3$-space $\mathbb{CP}^3$, both from open and compact Riemann surfaces, and we prove that the space of Legendrian immersions from an open Riemann surface into $\mathbb{CP}^3$ is path connected. We also sho…

New invariant shows fifth move is unique and extends biquandle theory for surface-links.

The curvature of almost Fuchsian immersions is concave in their Hopf differentials.

The study proves a strong parametric h-principle for minimal surfaces.

In this paper we study holomorphic immersions of open Riemann surfaces into C^n whose derivative lies in a conical algebraic subvariety A of C^n that is smooth away from the origin. Classical examples of such A-immersions include null curves in C^3 which are closely related to minimal surfaces in R^3, and null curves i…

We study biminimal immersions, that is immersions which are critical points of the bienergy for normal variations with fixed energy. We give a geometrical description of the Euler-Lagrange equation associated to biminimal immersions for: i) biminimal curves in a Riemannian manifold, with particular care to the case of …

We will study the blowup behavior of a surface sequence immersed in $R^2$ with bounded Willmore functional and fixed genus.

Free maps exist on low-dimensional tori and closed surfaces.

In classical surface theory there are but few known examples of surfaces admitting nontrivial isometric deformations and fewer still non-simply-connected ones. We consider the isometric deformability question for an immersion x: M \to R^3 of an oriented non-simply-connected surface with constant mean curvature H. We pr…

In this paper we study some properties of surfaces immersed in $\mathbf R ^4$ whose asymptotic lines are orthogonal. We also analyze necessary and sufficient conditions for the hypersphericity of surfaces in $\mathbf R ^4$.

Study surfaces in 4-manifolds using banded unlink diagrams.

We consider minimal immersions in MxR. We study existence and uniqueness of associate and conjugate isometric immersions to a given minimal surface. We use the theory of univalent harmonic map between surfaces. Then we study the geometry of associate minimal vertical graphs. We prove that an associate surface of a vert…