arXiv research

Paper constructs graphs with girth four and distinct properties.

This paper defines girth for knots and links, linking it to Khovanov homology.

The study finds conditions for groups acting on CAT(0) cube complexes to have infinite girth.

Proves Girth Alternative for some HNN extensions, finds counterexamples.

Research shows finiteness in triangulations with girth constraints.

The girth of a finitely generated group G is the supremum of the girth of Cayley graphs for G over all finite generating sets. Let G be a finitely generated subgroup of the mapping class group Mod(S), where S is a compact orientable surface. Then, either G is virtually abelian or it has infinite girth; moreover, if we …

We construct simple curves from immersed curves in the setting of handlebodies and Heegaard splittings. We define a measure of complexity we call girth for closed curves in a handlebody. We extend this complexity to Heegaard splittings and pose a conjecture about all Heegaard splittings. We prove a test case of this co…

Ancient Ricci flows with bounded girth found in 3D and higher.

Study on Lin-Lu-Yau curvature and diameter of amply regular graphs.

In this note we introduce a natural Finsler structure on convex surfaces, referred to as the projective Finsler structure, which is dual in a sense to the obvious inclusion of a convex surface in a normed space. It has an associated projective girth, which is similar to the notion of girth defined by Schäffer. We prove…

The CD inequalities and CDE inequalities are useful in the estimate of curvature on graphs. This article is based on the ufinite graph with large girth, and finally concludes some curvature estimate in CD and CDE.

We introduce a new way to tabulate knots by representing knot diagrams using a pair of planar trees. This pair of trees have their edges labeled by integers, they have no valence 2 vertices, and they have the same number of valence 1 vertices. The number of valence 1 vertices of the trees is called the girth of the kno…

The study shows that certain Artin groups cannot contain hyperbolic manifold groups.

Curvature formulas on regular graphs identified bone idle edges and graphs.

Ricci curvature was proposed by Ollivier in a general framework of metric measure spaces, and it has been studied extensively in the context of graphs in recent years. In this paper we prove upper bounds for Ollivier's Ricci curvature for bipartite graphs and for the graphs with girth at least 5. We also prove a genera…

Study on modified Ricci curvature on graphs, proving rigidity and deriving formulas.

The systole of a hyperbolic surface is bounded by a logarithmic function of its genus. This bound is sharp, in that there exist sequences of surfaces with genera tending to infinity that attain logarithmically large systoles. These are constructed by taking congruence covers of arithmetic surfaces. In this article we p…

The paper solves curvature problems on graphs using a special flow.

In this paper, the second of a series of two, we continue the study of higher index theory for expanders. We prove that if a sequence of graphs has girth tending to infinity, then the maximal coarse Baum-Connes assembly map is an isomorphism for the associated metric space $X$. As discussed in the first paper in this s…

In this paper, the first of a series of two, we continue the study of higher index theory for expanders. We prove that if a sequence of graphs is an expander and the girth of the graphs tends to infinity, then the coarse Baum-Connes assembly map is injective, but not surjective, for the associated metric space $X$. Exp…

The Ollivier Ricci flow with prescribed curvature on infinite graphs.

New binary matrices improve compressed sensing with faster and less storage requirements.

We prove that a dense subgroup of $\mathrm{Homeo}_{+}(I)$ is not elementary amenable. We also show that the topological group $\mathrm{Homeo}_{+}(I)$ does not satisfy the Stability of the Generators Property, moreover, any finitely generated subgroup of $\mathrm{Homeo}_{+}(I)$ admits a faithful discrete representation …

In [13], it is proved that any subgroup of $\mathrm{Diff}_{+}^{ω}(I)$ (the group of orientation preserving analytic diffeomorphisms of the interval) is either metaabelian or does not satisfy a law. A stronger question is asked whether or not the Girth Alternative holds for subgroups of $\mathrm{Diff}_{+}^{ω}(I)$. In th…

New graphs with maximum degree 4 found to be Ricci-flat.

Khovanov homology of a link and chromatic graph homology are known to be isomorphic in a range of homological gradings that depend on the girth of a graph. We discuss patterns shared by these two homology theories. In particular, we improve the bounds for the homological span of chromatic homology by Helme-Guizon, Przy…

We examine the large systole problem, which concerns compact hyperbolic Riemannian surfaces whose systole, the length of the shortest noncontractible loops, grows logarithmically in genus. The generalization of a construction of Buser and Sarnak by Katz, Schaps, and Vishne, which uses principal "congruence" subgroups o…

The paper studies Ricci flow on graphs with prescribed curvature.

We introduce a new variant of the coarse Baum-Connes conjecture designed to tackle coarsely disconnected metric spaces called the boundary coarse Baum-Connes conjecture. We prove this conjecture for many coarsely disconnected spaces that are known to be counterexamples to the coarse Baum-Connes conjecture. In particula…

Recent research in coarse geometry revealed similarities between certain concepts of analysis, large scale geometry, and topology. Property A of G.Yu is the coarse analog of amenability for groups and its generalization (exact spaces) was later strengthened to be the large scale analog of paracompact spaces using parti…

The paper introduces and studies a new type of submersion in Riemannian geometry.

Sharp bounds on diameter and eigenvalues for amply regular graphs.

The paper explores curvatures on graphs and their implications for Ricci flatness.

Study on finiteness property of right-angled Artin groups actions on extension graphs.

The purpose this article is to try to understand the mysterious coincidence between the asymptotic behavior of the volumes of the Moduli Space of closed hyperbolic surfaces of genus $g$ with respect to the Weil-Petersson metric and the asymptotic behavior of the number of arithmetic closed hyperbolic surfaces of genus …

We propose a new yet natural algorithm for learning the graph structure of general discrete graphical models (a.k.a. Markov random fields) from samples. Our algorithm finds the neighborhood of a node by sequentially adding nodes that produce the largest reduction in empirical conditional entropy; it is greedy in the se…

Survey on knot theory's impact on four-dimensional topology.

Construct divide knots with specific genus properties.

We first provide an alternative proof of the classical Weitzneböck formula for Einstein four-manifolds using Berger curvature decomposition, motivated by which we establish a unified framework for a Weitzenböck formula for a large class of canonical metrics on four-manifolds (or a Weitzenböck formula for "Einstein metr…

Study shows four-genus ratio of two-bridge knots decreases as knots get more complex.

Four-dimensional Einstein Dehn filling is impossible.

Study finds all 4D Lie groups with harmonic curvature.

This article analyzes the interplay between symplectic geometry in dimension four and the invariants for smooth four-manifolds constructed using holomorphic triangles introduced in math.SG/0110169. Specifically, we establish a non-vanishing result for the invariants of symplectic four-manifolds, which leads to new proo…

Paper characterizes tamed and weakened tamed four-manifolds using a new technique.

Study finds all 4D neutral manifolds.

We classify the non-degenerate homogeneous hypersurfaces in real and complex affine four-space whose symmetry group is at least four-dimensional.

New examples show clasp numbers can be zero yet four-genus can be arbitrarily large.

New types of Ricci solitons found in 4D Lorentzian geometry.