arXiv research

We first construct a genus zero positive allowable Lefschetz fibration over the disk (a genus zero PALF for short) on the Akbulut cork and describe the monodromy as a positive factorization in the mapping class group of a surface of genus zero with five boundary components. We then construct genus zero PALFs on infinit…

Paper generalizes discrete uniformization for genus-zero surfaces.

We present a new method to compare the shapes of genus-zero surfaces. We introduce a measure of mutual stretching, the symmetric distortion energy, and establish the existence of a conformal diffeomorphism between any two genus-zero surfaces that minimizes this energy. We then prove that the energies of the minimizing …

Proves any three or more knots can form a genus-zero link in a 3-manifold.

In previous work, the author fully classified orbit closures in genus three with maximally many (four) zero Lyapunov exponents of the Kontsevich-Zorich cocycle. In this paper, we prove that there are no higher dimensional orbit closures in genus three with any zero Lyapunov exponents. Furthermore, if a Teichmüller curv…

The aim of this paper is to introduce a group containing the mapping class groups of all genus zero surfaces. Roughly speaking, such a group is intended to be a discrete analogue of the diffeomorphism group of the circle. One defines indeed a {\it universal mapping class group of genus zero}, denoted $\B$. The latter i…

In 1841, Delaunay constructed the embedded surfaces of revolution with constant mean curvature (CMC); these unduloids have genus zero and are now known to be the only embedded CMC surfaces with two ends and finite genus. Here, we construct the complete family of embedded CMC surfaces with three ends and genus zero; the…

Proves existence of maps with arbitrary ends and conditions for maxfaces.

Mess showed that the genus 2 Torelli group $T_2$ is isomorphic to a free group of countably infinite rank by showing that genus 2 Torelli space is homotopy equivalent to an infinite wedge of circles. As an application of his computation, we compute the homotopy type of the zero locus of any classical genus 2 theta func…

We prove that the first integral cohomology of pure mapping class groups of infinite type genus one surfaces is trivial. For genus zero surfaces we prove that not every homomorphism to $\mathbb{Z}$ factors through a sphere with finitely many punctures. In fact we get an uncountable family of such maps.

Minimal surfaces in a ball have limited area.

New examples show clasp numbers can be zero yet four-genus can be arbitrarily large.

Defines super stable maps and proves quotient superorbifolds for genus zero.

We show that the difference between the genus and the stable topological 4-genus of alternating knots is either zero or at least 1/3.

Construct divide knots with specific genus properties.

Non-asphericity of strata of genus-one differentials

We study the local invariants that a meromorphic $k$-differential on a Riemann surface of genus $g\geq0$ can have. These local invariants are the orders of zeros and poles, and the $k$-residues at the poles. We show that for a given pattern of orders of zeroes, there exists, up to a few exceptions, a primitive $k$-diff…

Study meromorphic k-differentials with prescribed singularities on Riemann surfaces.

Smooth torus actions on moduli spaces of super stable curves and maps of genus zero.

Paper proves surfaces with specific symmetries have the first Steklov eigenvalue.

We show that the moduli space of genus zero stable maps is a real projective variety if the target space is a smooth convex real projective variety. We show that evaluation maps, forgetful maps are real morphisms. We analyze the real part of the moduli space.

We prove that the expected value of the ratio between the smooth four-genus and the Seifert genus of two-bridge knots tends to zero as the crossing number tends to infinity.

The paper shows knots with specific properties have smaller 4-genus.

Monoidal categorifies genus zero skein algebra using K-theory.

This paper explains the conjectured algebraic duality between genus zero Gromov-Witten theory and genus zero "Closed String topology". This duality in another perspective is discussed on page 87 of the book "Frobenius manifold, quantum cohomology, and moduli spaces" (by Yuri Manin). This paper also discusses Fulton Mac…

The paper shows knots can have zero support genus in certain spaces.

We consider two applications of the strata of differentials of the second kind (all residues equal to zero) with fixed multiplicities of zeros and poles: Positivity: In genus $g=0$ we show any associated divisorial projection to $\overline{\mathcal{M}}_{0,n}$ is $F$-nef and hence conjectured to be nef. We compute the c…

Study shows optimal spectral gaps diminish in large genus surfaces.

We construct a genus zero PALF structure on each of plugs introduced by Akbulut and Yasui and describe the monodromy as a positive factorization in the mapping class group of a fiber. We also examine the monodromies of PALFs on a certain pair of compact Stein surfaces such that one is obtained by applying a plug twist …

We construct new examples of immersed minimal surfaces with catenoid ends and finite total curvature, of both genus zero and higher genus. In the genus zero case, we classify all such surfaces with at most $2n+1$ ends, and with symmetry group the natural $\bfZ_2$ extension of the dihedral group $D_n$. The surfaces are …

In this article, we generalize the classification of genus one Lefschetz fibrations to genus one simplified broken Lefschetz fibrations, which have fibers of genera one and zero. We classify genus one Lefschetz fibrations over the 2-disk with certain non-trivial global monodromies using chart descriptions, and identify…

Researchers confirm a conjecture about metrics on a specific Teichmüller space.

In 1988, Karcher generalized the family of singly periodic Scherk minimal surfaces by constructing, for each natural $n\geq 2$, a $(2n-3)$-parameter family of singly periodic minimal surfaces with genus zero and $2n$ Scherk-type ends in the quotient, called {\it saddle towers}. They have been recently classified by Pér…

The Turaev genus defines a natural filtration on knots where Turaev genus zero knots are precisely the alternating knots. We show that the signature of a Turaev genus one knot is determined by the number of components in its all-A Kauffman state, the number of positive crossings, and its determinant. We also show that …

Formula derived for Gromov-Witten invariants of smooth curves.

The paper proves a unique orbit for a specific genus 3 curve.

A Riemann surface $M$ is said to be $K$-quasiconformally homogeneous if for every two points $p,q \in M$, there exists a $K$-quasiconformal homeomorphism $f \colon M \rightarrow M$ such that $f(p) = q$. In this paper, we show there exists a universal constant $K_0 > 1$ such that if $M$ is a $K$-quasiconformally homogen…

Study uses graph techniques to understand meromorphic quadratic differential strata.

Constructs self-expanders of positive genus for cones in R^3.

We investigate the properties of knots in S^3 which bound Klein bottles, such that a pushoff of the knot has zero linking number with the knot, i.e. has zero framing. This is motivated by the many results in the literature regarding slice knots of genus one, for example, the existence of homologically essential zero se…

Proves Alexander and Markov theorems for higher genus virtual doodles.

We consider constant mean curvature surfaces of finite topology, properly embedded in three-space in the sense of Alexandrov. Such surfaces with three ends and genus zero were constructed and completely classified by the authors in arXiv:math.DG/0102183. Here we extend the arguments to the case of an arbitrary number o…

Minimum algebraic intersection found in hyperbolic surfaces, growing with genus.

We classify all rank two affine manifolds in strata in genus three with two zeros. This confirms a conjecture of Maryam Mirzakhani in these cases. Several technical results are proven for all strata in genus three, with the hope that they may shed light on a complete classification of rank two manifolds in genus three.

We show that the zeroes of the Alexander polynomial of a Lorenz knot all lie in some annulus whose width depends explicitly on the genus and the braid index of the considered knot.

We relate the Donaldson invariants of two four-manifolds $X_i$ with embedded Riemann surfaces of genus 2 and self-intersection zero with the invariants of the manifold X which appears as a connected sum along the surfaces. When the original manifolds are of simple type with $b_1=0$ and $b^+>1$, X is of simple type with…

A very interesting problem in the classical theory of minimal surfaces consists of the classification of such surfaces under some geometrical and topological constraints. In this short paper, we give a brief summary of the known classification results for properly embedded minimal surfaces with genus zero in $\mathbb{R…

The Turaev genus of a link can be thought of as a way of measuring how non-alternating a link is. A link is Turaev genus zero if and only if it is alternating, and in this viewpoint, links with large Turaev genus are very non-alternating. In this paper, we study Turaev genus one links, a class of links which includes a…