The abstract covers various aspects of eBusiness and eGovernment, including digital currencies, m-government services, gender inclusivity, eLearning, export performance, SME digitalization, and banking customer behavior.
problem Various challenges and opportunities in eBusiness and eGovernment.
method Critical review, UTAUT model with perceived risk theory, GAD approach, inductive research paradigm, one-on-one interviews, survey questionnaires, convenience sampling.
result Impediments to eLearning uptake, gender inclusivity in e-procurement, export performance of manufacturing firms, SME digitalization impact, measuring and modeling framework for Internet banking customers.
New research shows machine-assisted decisions can still be unfair even when the algorithm is fair.
problem Ensuring fairness in decisions made with machine-assisted human input.
method Formal model and lab experiment to analyze how machine predictions affect human decisions.
result Excluding information about protected groups from machine predictions can increase disparities.
Word embedding models have become a fundamental component in a wide range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. However, embeddings trained on human-generated corpora have been demonstrated to inherit strong gender stereotypes that reflect social constructs. To address this concern, in this paper, we propo…
Computer Vision and machine learning methods were previously used to reveal screen presence of genders in TV and movies. In this work, using head pose, gender detection, and skin color estimation techniques, we demonstrate that the gender disparity in TV in a South Asian country such as Bangladesh exhibits unique chara…
In this study, we proposed a convolutional neural network model for gender prediction using English Twitter text as input. Ensemble of proposed model achieved an accuracy at 0.8237 on gender prediction and compared favorably with the state-of-the-art performance in a recent author profiling task. We further leveraged t…
Study predicts gender from brain FC at multiple scales using deep learning and Bayesian methods.
problem Predicting gender from brain functional connectivity.
method Deep learning and Bayesian deep learning applied to brain FC data from 1003 healthy adults.
result Bayesian deep learning provides accurate predictions and uncertainty information.
Study quantifies gender bias in language models across 7 languages.
problem Measuring gender bias in language models across multiple languages.
method Curated dataset of politicians, multilingual language models, probing language models.
result Larger language models do not show significant gender bias compared to smaller ones.
Study measures gender bias in machine translation using multiple reference points.
problem Measuring and identifying gender bias in machine translation.
method Used an optimal non-biased translator, reference points from occupational statistics and survey.
result Found bias against both genders, but more against women, and found occupations have a greater effect than adjectives.
The blind application of machine learning runs the risk of amplifying biases present in data. Such a danger is facing us with word embedding, a popular framework to represent text data as vectors which has been used in many machine learning and natural language processing tasks. We show that even word embeddings traine…
We present a large-scale study of gender bias in occupation classification, a task where the use of machine learning may lead to negative outcomes on peoples' lives. We analyze the potential allocation harms that can result from semantic representation bias. To do so, we study the impact on occupation classification of…
New method neutralizes gender bias in word embeddings without losing semantic information.
problem Gender biases in word embeddings trained on human-generated corpora.
method Latent Disentanglement and Counterfactual Generation with siamese auto-encoder and gradient reversal layer.
result Our method outperforms existing debiasing methods in preserving semantic information and neutralizing gender biases.
Paper improves gender detection on social media using deep learning.
problem Traditional classifiers struggle with social media data volume.
method Ensemble deep learning with multi-model architectures.
result Improved gender detection accuracy on social media posts.
Machine learning improves risk assessment for gender-based violence victims.
problem Accurately predicting recidivism risk in gender-based crime victims.
method Applied machine learning techniques to create models predicting recidivism risk.
result Proposed ML method outperforms classical statistical methods.
Develops NFCF to reduce gender bias in social media recommendation systems.
problem Reduces gender bias in collaborative filtering systems on social media data.
method Pre-training and fine-tuning neural collaborative filtering with bias correction techniques.
result Achieves better performance and fairness in gender de-biased recommendations.
Handwriting-based gender classification is a well-researched problem that has been approached mainly by traditional machine learning techniques. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning-based approach for this task. Specifically, we present a convolutional neural network (CNN), which performs automatic feature e…
Machine learning algorithms are optimized to model statistical properties of the training data. If the input data reflects stereotypes and biases of the broader society, then the output of the learning algorithm also captures these stereotypes. In this paper, we initiate the study of gender stereotypes in {\em word emb…
Recent developments in Neural Relation Extraction (NRE) have made significant strides towards Automated Knowledge Base Construction (AKBC). While much attention has been dedicated towards improvements in accuracy, there have been no attempts in the literature to our knowledge to evaluate social biases in NRE systems. W…
Reduces gender bias in patient notes while maintaining medical classification accuracy.
problem Bias in natural language processing of patient notes.
method Identifying and removing gendered language using BERT-based classifiers, then augmenting data to maintain performance.
result Minimal degradation in health condition classification tasks with data augmentation.
Author profiling is the characterization of an author through some key attributes such as gender, age, and language. In this paper, a RNN model with Attention (RNNwA) is proposed to predict the gender of a twitter user using their tweets. Both word level and tweet level attentions are utilized to learn 'where to look'.…
Mitigates gender bias amplification in model predictions.
problem Gender bias amplification in model predictions.
method Posterior regularization to mitigate bias.
result Almost removes gender bias amplification in model predictions.
Contemporary debates on filter bubbles and polarization in public and social media raise the question to what extent news media of the past exhibited biases. This paper specifically examines bias related to gender in six Dutch national newspapers between 1950 and 1990. We measure bias related to gender by comparing loc…
Societal bias towards certain communities is a big problem that affects a lot of machine learning systems. This work aims at addressing the racial bias present in many modern gender recognition systems. We learn race invariant representations of human faces with an adversarially trained autoencoder model. We show that …
(Bolukbasi et al., 2016) demonstrated that pretrained word embeddings can inherit gender bias from the data they were trained on. We investigate how this bias affects downstream classification tasks, using the case study of occupation classification (De-Arteaga et al.,2019). We show that traditional techniques for debi…
Study finds optimal board gender diversity for emissions performance.
problem Association between board gender diversity and emissions performance.
method Panel regressions, machine learning, explainable AI.
result Optimal board gender diversity for emissions performance is approximately 35%.
Tumblr, as a leading content provider and social media, attracts 371 million monthly visits, 280 million blogs and 53.3 million daily posts. The popularity of Tumblr provides great opportunities for advertisers to promote their products through sponsored posts. However, it is a challenging task to target specific demog…
Study identifies clusters of EU countries with similar young mortality patterns.
problem Identify clusters of EU countries with similar mortality patterns in young population.
method Symbolic data analysis (SDA) with age, gender, and main causes of death dimensions.
result Identified clusters of EU countries with similar mortality patterns in young population.
Recent work shows unequal performance of commercial face classification services in the gender classification task across intersectional groups defined by skin type and gender. Accuracy on dark-skinned females is significantly worse than on any other group. In this paper, we conduct several analyses to try to uncover t…
In the age of data driven solution, the customer demographic attributes, such as gender and age, play a core role that may enable companies to enhance the offers of their services and target the right customer in the right time and place. In the marketing campaign, the companies want to target the real user of the GSM …
Research finds investors may lose from more diverse workplaces.
problem Investors' returns may be lower in more diverse companies.
method Examined D&I scores by Refinitiv in US and European markets.
result Investors may suffer lower returns for investing in more diverse companies.
In 2016, the majority of full-time employed women in the U.S. earned significantly less than comparable men. The extent to which women were affected by gender inequality in earnings, however, depended greatly on socio-economic characteristics, such as marital status or educational attainment. In this paper, we analyzed…
Pronoun resolution is part of coreference resolution, the task of pairing an expression to its referring entity. This is an important task for natural language understanding and a necessary component of machine translation systems, chat bots and assistants. Neural machine learning systems perform far from ideally in th…
Paper analyzes inclusive KL inference using Wasserstein gradient flows.
problem Analyzing inclusive KL inference with mathematical tools.
method Gradient flows derived from PDE analysis.
result Unified view of existing sampling algorithms as inclusive-KL inference.
Study finds gender bias in human evaluators and shows how machine learning can mitigate it.
problem Gender bias in human decision-making on micro-lending platforms.
method Structural econometric model and machine learning algorithms trained on real-world data.
result Machine learning algorithms can mitigate both preference-based and belief-based biases.
Study shows 'Belt and Road' node cities boost digital finance in China.
problem Impact of 'Belt and Road' node cities on digital inclusive finance.
method Descriptive analysis, literature review, theoretical model, differential differential method.
result Establishment of 'Belt and Road' node cities promotes digital inclusive finance in China, with Internet development as a mediating variable.
The paper uses distance correlation for brain connectivity and a novel multi-task learning model for age prediction.
problem Estimating age-related gender differences in brain functional connectivity.
method Estimates functional connectivity using distance correlation and proposes a non-convex multi-task learning model.
result The proposed non-convex multi-task learning model outperforms other models in age prediction and gender-specific connectivity.
New solutions for soft materials' nonlinear behavior in growing spheroidal inclusions.
problem Understanding soft materials' behavior under microstructure effects.
method Presented an accurate semi-inverse solution for isotropically growing spheroidal inclusions.
result Existence of a non-spherical asymptotic shape and associated asymptotic pressure (isomorphic pressure).
Study shows financial literacy, social capital, and financial tech positively impact financial inclusion of Indonesian students.
problem Financial literacy, social capital, and financial technology's impact on financial inclusion of Indonesian students.
method Quantitative research using questionnaires distributed to 100 students from 7 private colleges in Tangerang, Indonesia.
result Financial literacy, social capital, and financial technology have a positive and significant influence on financial inclusion.
Multi-task learning is a method for improving the generalizability of multiple tasks. In order to perform multiple classification tasks with one neural network model, the losses of each task should be combined. Previous studies have mostly focused on multiple prediction tasks using joint loss with static weights for tr…
Study shows solutions of differential inclusions are homotopy equivalent in W1,p-topology.
problem Homotopy properties of solutions in differential inclusions.
method Analyzes differential inclusion with specific assumptions on corank one distribution.
result Solutions are homotopy equivalent to loop spaces in W1,p-topology. Text corpora are widely used resources for measuring societal biases and stereotypes. The common approach to measuring such biases using a corpus is by calculating the similarities between the embedding vector of a word (like nurse) and the vectors of the representative words of the concepts of interest (such as gender…
Recently, deep neural networks have demonstrated excellent performances in recognizing the age and gender on human face images. However, these models were applied in a black-box manner with no information provided about which facial features are actually used for prediction and how these features depend on image prepro…
New method reduces gender bias in language models without harming performance.
problem Bias in language models learned from biased data.
method Causal analysis to identify problematic model components, followed by linear projection of weight matrices.
result DAMA significantly decreases bias in language models while maintaining performance.
Inspired by the recent work of Chen-Stiénon-Xu on Atiyah classes associated to inclusions of Lie algebroids, we give a very simple criterium (in terms of those classes) for relative Poincaré-Birkhoff-Witt type results to hold. The tools we use (e.g. the first infinitesimal neighbourhood Lie algebroid) are straightforwa…
When looking at Bott's original proof of his periodicity theorem for the stable homotopy groups of the orthogonal and unitary groups, one sees in the background a differential geometric periodicity phenomenon. We show that this geometric phenomenon extends to the standard inclusion of the orthogonal group into the unit…
Study new bounds on TC of spaces with subgroup inclusions.
problem Lower bounds on TC of spaces with subgroup inclusions.
method Generalizes TC results from aspherical spaces to spaces with subgroup inclusions.
result Establishes new lower bounds on sequential TCs of aspherical spaces.
Paper presents a novel time series clustering algorithm for financial inclusion.
problem Difficulty in understanding consumer financial behavior without restrictive credit scoring.
method Developed a novel time series clustering algorithm.
result Allows institutions to offer unique financial products based on customer needs.
Foundation models improve wage gap decomposition by capturing omitted career history factors.
problem Estimating wage disparities using incomplete career history data.
method Fine-tuning foundation models to mitigate omitted variable bias and estimate wage gaps.
result Foundation models can decompose gender wage gaps more accurately than traditional econometric methods.
Study finds corporate boards with women appoint more women, leading to better profitability.
problem Influence of female board members on corporate profitability.
method Analysis of Japanese corporate boards and their interlocks.
result Corporate boards with women appoint more women, leading to higher profitability.