New technique reduces gender discrimination in credit lending models.
problem Bias and unfairness in credit lending predictions.
method Subgroup Threshold Optimizer (STO) technique.
result Reduces gender discrimination by over 90%.
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48 results for “gender discrimination”
Neutralizing Gender Bias in Word Embedding with Latent Disentanglement and Counterfactual Generationcs.CL
New method neutralizes gender bias in word embeddings without losing semantic information.
problem Gender biases in word embeddings trained on human-generated corpora.
method Latent Disentanglement and Counterfactual Generation with siamese auto-encoder and gradient reversal layer.
result Our method outperforms existing debiasing methods in preserving semantic information and neutralizing gender biases.
In 2016, the majority of full-time employed women in the U.S. earned significantly less than comparable men. The extent to which women were affected by gender inequality in earnings, however, depended greatly on socio-economic characteristics, such as marital status or educational attainment. In this paper, we analyzed…
fairadapt uses causal inference to mitigate algorithmic bias in data pre-processing.
problem Mitigating algorithmic bias in machine learning predictions.
method Causal graphical model and observed data to address counterfactual questions.
result The method can help eliminate discrimination and justify fair decisions.
What Matters to Individual Investors: Price Setting in Online Auctions of P2P Consumer Loansq-fin.GN
Retail investors set interest rates for P2P loans based on borrower characteristics.
problem Understanding how individual investors price credit risk in online consumer loan auctions.
method Reverse auction framework, analyzing interest rate variance and borrower characteristics.
result Retail investors exhibit strong predictability in pricing, with gender and marital status influencing interest rates.
Study shows fairness metrics are unreliable for small datasets in NLP tasks.
problem Unreliable fairness metrics for small datasets in NLP tasks.
method Experiments on Bios dataset with varying model sizes.
result Common fairness indices provide unreliable results for small samples.
As virtually all aspects of our lives are increasingly impacted by algorithmic decision making systems, it is incumbent upon us as a society to ensure such systems do not become instruments of unfair discrimination on the basis of gender, race, ethnicity, religion, etc. We consider the problem of determining whether th…
Machine learning is becoming an ever present part in our lives as many decisions, e.g. to lend a credit, are no longer made by humans but by machine learning algorithms. However those decisions are often unfair and discriminating individuals belonging to protected groups based on race or gender. With the recent General…
FairUDT uses uplift decision trees to detect and mitigate discrimination in training data.
problem Bias in machine learning classifiers due to historical discrimination or underrepresentation of minority groups.
method Integrates uplift modeling with decision trees and introduces a modified leaf relabeling approach for fairness.
result Achieves an acceptable accuracy-discrimination tradeoff while maintaining interpretability.
The insurance industry uses predictions based on customer characteristics, but this can lead to discrimination. We propose using Wasserstein barycenters to mitigate biases.
problem Discrimination in insurance predictions based on sensitive features like gender or race.
method Propose using Wasserstein barycenters instead of simple scaling to mitigate biases in insurance predictions.
result Demonstrates the effectiveness of Wasserstein barycenters in mitigating biases in insurance predictions.
Optimal transport strategy reduces gender bias in job recommendation systems.
problem Mitigating gender biases in AI-driven job recommendation systems.
method Model agnostic optimal transport strategy applied to multi-class neural networks.
result Reduced undesirable algorithmic biases in job recommendation tasks.
Fair Kernel Learningstat.ML
New social and economic activities massively exploit big data and machine learning algorithms to do inference on people's lives. Applications include automatic curricula evaluation, wage determination, and risk assessment for credits and loans. Recently, many governments and institutions have raised concerns about the …
Because of high dimensionality, correlation among covariates, and noise contained in data, dimension reduction (DR) techniques are often employed to the application of machine learning algorithms. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), and their kernel variants (KPCA, KLDA) are among th…
Proposes a falsification framework to test algorithmic discriminant validity.
problem Unintended model behavior in predictive algorithms.
method Falsification framework based on statistical tests comparing prediction losses across outcomes.
result Establishes discriminant validity for some outcomes but not others.
The paper shows FtU can reduce discrimination without sacrificing accuracy.
problem Discrimination in machine learning predictions.
method Theoretical and empirical analysis of FtU, connecting with Model Multiplicity.
result FtU can reduce discrimination without reducing accuracy.
Proposes a test to ensure predictive algorithms predict intended outcomes better than unintended ones.
problem Unintended model behavior leading to prediction of unintended outcomes.
method Falsification framework using nonparametric hypothesis testing to compare prediction losses across outcomes.
result Establishes discriminant validity with respect to gender but not race in an admissions setting.
The study tests and optimizes fairness in credit scoring models.
problem Discrimination in credit scoring models based on protected attributes.
method Formal testing and variable identification to optimize fairness and performance.
result Guidance on monitoring and improving algorithmic fairness in credit scoring.
Proposes a fair pricing framework insensitive to protected covariates.
problem Ensuring fair prices for financial products without using discriminatory covariates.
method Develops a discrimination-insensitive pricing framework using optimization and KL divergence.
result Proves existence and uniqueness of discrimination-insensitive pricing measures.
The use of photoplethysmogram signal (PPG) for heart and sleep monitoring is commonly found nowadays in smartphones and wrist wearables. Besides common usages, it has been proposed and reported that person information can be extracted from PPG for other uses, like biometry tasks. In this work, we explore several end-to…
Word embedding models have become a fundamental component in a wide range of Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications. However, embeddings trained on human-generated corpora have been demonstrated to inherit strong gender stereotypes that reflect social constructs. To address this concern, in this paper, we propo…
Paper develops methods for fair insurance pricing without direct access to sensitive attributes.
problem Fairness in insurance pricing with restricted access to sensitive attributes.
method Develops statistical methods for estimating discrimination-free premiums using privatized sensitive attributes.
result The proposed methods enable fair insurance pricing while respecting privacy and regulatory constraints.
Automated decision making systems are increasingly being used in real-world applications. In these systems for the most part, the decision rules are derived by minimizing the training error on the available historical data. Therefore, if there is a bias related to a sensitive attribute such as gender, race, religion, e…
In the context of machine learning, disparate impact refers to a form of systematic discrimination whereby the output distribution of a model depends on the value of a sensitive attribute (e.g., race or gender). In this paper, we propose an information-theoretic framework to analyze the disparate impact of a binary cla…
Computer Vision and machine learning methods were previously used to reveal screen presence of genders in TV and movies. In this work, using head pose, gender detection, and skin color estimation techniques, we demonstrate that the gender disparity in TV in a South Asian country such as Bangladesh exhibits unique chara…
Paper protects privacy and fairness in deep learning models.
problem Ensuring fairness in deep learning models while protecting sensitive data.
method Uses differential privacy and Lagrangian duality to design fair predictors.
result Demonstrates improved model performance on prediction tasks.
Unwanted Advances in Higher Education: Uncovering Sexual Harassment Experiences in Academia with Text Miningphysics.soc-ph
Sexual harassment in academia is often a hidden problem because victims are usually reluctant to report their experiences. Recently, a web survey was developed to provide an opportunity to share thousands of sexual harassment experiences in academia. Using an efficient approach, this study collected and investigated mo…
In this study, we proposed a convolutional neural network model for gender prediction using English Twitter text as input. Ensemble of proposed model achieved an accuracy at 0.8237 on gender prediction and compared favorably with the state-of-the-art performance in a recent author profiling task. We further leveraged t…
Fairness-aware learning involves designing algorithms that do not discriminate with respect to some sensitive feature (e.g., race or gender). Existing work on the problem operates under the assumption that the sensitive feature available in one's training sample is perfectly reliable. This assumption may be violated in…
Study predicts gender from brain FC at multiple scales using deep learning and Bayesian methods.
problem Predicting gender from brain functional connectivity.
method Deep learning and Bayesian deep learning applied to brain FC data from 1003 healthy adults.
result Bayesian deep learning provides accurate predictions and uncertainty information.
Recent work has explored how to train machine learning models which do not discriminate against any subgroup of the population as determined by sensitive attributes such as gender or race. To avoid disparate treatment, sensitive attributes should not be considered. On the other hand, in order to avoid disparate impact,…
Non-parallel voice conversion (VC) is a technique for learning the mapping from source to target speech without relying on parallel data. This is an important task, but it has been challenging due to the disadvantages of the training conditions. Recently, CycleGAN-VC has provided a breakthrough and performed comparably…
Study quantifies gender bias in language models across 7 languages.
problem Measuring gender bias in language models across multiple languages.
method Curated dataset of politicians, multilingual language models, probing language models.
result Larger language models do not show significant gender bias compared to smaller ones.
How to Measure Gender Bias in Machine Translation: Optimal Translators, Multiple Reference Pointsstat.ML
Study measures gender bias in machine translation using multiple reference points.
problem Measuring and identifying gender bias in machine translation.
method Used an optimal non-biased translator, reference points from occupational statistics and survey.
result Found bias against both genders, but more against women, and found occupations have a greater effect than adjectives.
The blind application of machine learning runs the risk of amplifying biases present in data. Such a danger is facing us with word embedding, a popular framework to represent text data as vectors which has been used in many machine learning and natural language processing tasks. We show that even word embeddings traine…
We present a large-scale study of gender bias in occupation classification, a task where the use of machine learning may lead to negative outcomes on peoples' lives. We analyze the potential allocation harms that can result from semantic representation bias. To do so, we study the impact on occupation classification of…
New LFR algorithm ensures fair predictions with theoretical guarantees.
problem Ensuring fairness in AI algorithms for social decision-making.
method Proposes a new adversarial training scheme using IPM with a parametric family of discriminators.
result Theoretical guarantee of fairness in final prediction models.
Paper improves gender detection on social media using deep learning.
problem Traditional classifiers struggle with social media data volume.
method Ensemble deep learning with multi-model architectures.
result Improved gender detection accuracy on social media posts.
Machine learning improves risk assessment for gender-based violence victims.
problem Accurately predicting recidivism risk in gender-based crime victims.
method Applied machine learning techniques to create models predicting recidivism risk.
result Proposed ML method outperforms classical statistical methods.
Develops NFCF to reduce gender bias in social media recommendation systems.
problem Reduces gender bias in collaborative filtering systems on social media data.
method Pre-training and fine-tuning neural collaborative filtering with bias correction techniques.
result Achieves better performance and fairness in gender de-biased recommendations.
Handwriting-based gender classification is a well-researched problem that has been approached mainly by traditional machine learning techniques. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning-based approach for this task. Specifically, we present a convolutional neural network (CNN), which performs automatic feature e…
Machine learning algorithms are optimized to model statistical properties of the training data. If the input data reflects stereotypes and biases of the broader society, then the output of the learning algorithm also captures these stereotypes. In this paper, we initiate the study of gender stereotypes in {\em word emb…
Classifiers and rating scores are prone to implicitly codifying biases, which may be present in the training data, against protected classes (i.e., age, gender, or race). So it is important to understand how to design classifiers and scores that prevent discrimination in predictions. This paper develops computationally…
Recent developments in Neural Relation Extraction (NRE) have made significant strides towards Automated Knowledge Base Construction (AKBC). While much attention has been dedicated towards improvements in accuracy, there have been no attempts in the literature to our knowledge to evaluate social biases in NRE systems. W…
Reduces gender bias in patient notes while maintaining medical classification accuracy.
problem Bias in natural language processing of patient notes.
method Identifying and removing gendered language using BERT-based classifiers, then augmenting data to maintain performance.
result Minimal degradation in health condition classification tasks with data augmentation.
Sparsity-based representations have recently led to notable results in various visual recognition tasks. In a separate line of research, Riemannian manifolds have been shown useful for dealing with features and models that do not lie in Euclidean spaces. With the aim of building a bridge between the two realms, we addr…
Author profiling is the characterization of an author through some key attributes such as gender, age, and language. In this paper, a RNN model with Attention (RNNwA) is proposed to predict the gender of a twitter user using their tweets. Both word level and tweet level attentions are utilized to learn 'where to look'.…
Proposes a fair classification model using robust optimization.
problem Preventing discrimination in classification models.
method Distributionally robust logistic regression with Wasserstein ball and convex unfairness measure.
result Improves fairness with minimal loss in predictive accuracy.
Mitigates gender bias amplification in model predictions.
problem Gender bias amplification in model predictions.
method Posterior regularization to mitigate bias.
result Almost removes gender bias amplification in model predictions.