arXiv research

We show that the fundamental quandle defines a functor from the oriented tangle category to a suitably defined quandle category. Given a tangle decomposition of a link $L$, the fundamental quandle of $L$ may be obtained from the fundamental quandles of tangles. We apply this result to derive a presentation of the funda…

Study satellite knots and their quandles related to incompressible tori.

The paper defines and analyzes quandles of knotoids and linkoids.

We construct elements of the third quandle homology groups of knot quandles, which are called the shadow fundamental classes. They play the same roles for the shadow quandle cocycle invariants of knots as the fundamental classes of knot quandles does for the quandle cocycle invariants. As an application of the shadow f…

The fundamental n-quandles of links are residually finite for n ≥ 2.

Study links using quandles and groups, proving key properties.

Study fundamental quandle of ribbon concordances, proving homomorphisms.

Complete classification of links and spatial graphs with finite N-quandles.

Defined by Joyce and Matveev, the fundamental quandle is a complete invariant of oriented classical knots. We consider invariants of knots defined from quotients of the fundamental quandle. In particular, we introduce the fundamental Latin Alexander quandle of a knot and consider its Gröbner basis-valued invariants, wh…

We prove that the fundamental quandle of the trefoil knot is isomorphic to the projective primitive subquandle of transvections of the symplectic space $\Z \oplus \Z$. The last quandle can be identified with the Dehn quandle of the torus and the cord quandle on a 2-sphere with four punctures. We also show that the fund…

We establish a relationship between the knot symmetries and the automorphisms of the knot quandle. We identify the homeomorphisms of the pair $(S^{3},K)$ that induce the (anti)automorphisms of the fundamental quandle $Q(K)$. We show that every quandle (anti)automorphism of $Q(K)$ is induced by a homeomorphism of the pa…

We consider the classical problem of a position of n-dimensional manifold M in R^{n+2}. We show that we can define the fundamental (n+1)-cycle and the shadow fundamental (n+2)-cycle for a fundamental quandle of a knotting M to R^{n+2}. In particular, we show that for any fixed quandle, quandle coloring, and shadow quan…

We construct a virtual quandle for links in lens spaces $L(p,q)$, with $q=1$. This invariant has two valuable advantages over an ordinary fundamental quandle for links in lens spaces: the virtual quandle is an essential invariant and the presentation of the virtual quandle can be easily written from the band diagram of…

Equivalent categories of groups and risandles for 3-manifolds.

Joyce has shown that the fundamental quandle of a classical knot can be derived from consideration of the fundamental group and the peripheral structure of the knot, and also that the group and much of the peripheral structure can be recovered from the quandle. We generalize these results to arbitrary dimensions, and a…

Classifies links with finite N-quandles for some N.

New method for quandle presentations of surface knots in 4-manifolds.

The multivariate Alexander module of a link L has several subsets that admit quandle operations defined using the module operations. One of them, the fundamental multivariate Alexander quandle, determines the link module sequence of L.

Quandles can be regarded as generalizations of symmetric spaces. Among symmetric spaces, two-point homogeneous Riemannian manifolds would be the most fundamental ones. In this paper, we define two-point homogeneous quandles analogously, and classify those with prime cardinality.

Researchers describe Cayley graphs for finite involutory quandles of certain two-bridge links.

New quandles classify surfaces, with infinite cohomology.

We have a knot quandle and a fundamental class as invariants for a surface-knot. These invariants can be defined for a classical knot in a similar way, and it is known that the pair of them is a complete invariant for classical knots. In this paper, we compare a situation in surface-knot theory with that in classical k…

Classifies spatial graphs with finite N-quandles.

Nilpotent quandles have simple characterizations and are closely related to nilpotency.

This article establishes the algebraic covering theory of quandles. For every connected quandle we explicitly construct a universal covering, which in turn leads us to define the algebraic fundamental group as the automorphism group of the universal covering. We then establish the Galois correspondence between connecte…

This paper extends rack and quandle covering theory using higher categorical Galois theory.

We define the fundamental quandle of a spatial graph and several invariants derived from it. In the category of graph tangles, we define an invariant based on the walks in the graph and cocycles from nonabelian quandle cohomology.

We prove a conjecture of Przytycki which asserts that the $n$-quandle of a link $L$ in the 3-sphere is finite if and only if the fundamental group of the $n$-fold cyclic branched cover of the 3-sphere, branched over $L$, is finite.

Characterizes knot groups and symmetric quandles of surface-links.

New invariant for virtual n-links defined and studied.

This paper is a very brief introduction to knot theory. It describes knot coloring by quandles, the fundamental group of a knot complement, and handle-decompositions of knot complements.

Racks and quandles are rich algebraic structures that are strong enough to classify knots. Here we develop several fundamental categorical aspects of the theories of racks and quandles and their relation to the theory of permutations. In particular, we compute the centers of the categories and describe power operations…

We discuss the fundamental (relative) 3-classes of knots (or hyperbolic links), and provide diagrammatic descriptions of the push-forwards with respect to every link-group representation. The point is an observation of a bridge between the relative group homology and quandle homology from the viewpoints of Inoue--Kabay…

Study of quandle coloring quivers with dihedral quandles.

The paper explores idempotents in quandle rings and their connections to quandle coverings.

Paper studies embedding conditions for homogeneous quandles.

Symmetric quandles provide new insights into link colorings.

Hierarchical quandles extend diquandles and multi-quandles for link invariants.

New polynomial invariants from quandle action quivers.

Dehn quandles of groups and surfaces unify various quandle constructions.

This paper computes the second quandle homology group of knot n-quandles.

To every oriented link $L$, we associate a topologically defined biquandle $\widehat{\mathcal{B}}_{L}$, which we call the topological biquandle of $L$. The construction of $\widehat{\mathcal{B}}_{L}$ is similar to the topological description of the fundamental quandle given by Matveev. We find a presentation of the top…

The paper studies finiteness of canonical quotients in Dehn quandles of surfaces.

The paper defines conditions for good involutions in generalized Alexander quandles.

The aim of this paper is to propose a theory of derivations for quandles. Given a quandle $A$ admitting an action by a quandle $Q$, derivations from $Q$ to $A$ are introduced as twisted analogues of quandle homomorphisms. It is shown that for each quandle $Q$ there exists a unique $Q$-quandle $\mathcal{A}_Q$ (the deriv…

Alexander quandles can be embedded into groups.

New link colorings using quandle rings and idempotents are stronger than existing methods.

The study describes good involutions in quandles and Alexander quandles.