A brief introduction to exterior differential systems for graduate students familiar with manifolds and differential forms. For complete files, see https://github.com/Ben-McKay/introduction-to-exterior-differential-systems
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48 results for “exterior differential”
Extends exterior diff. sys. to Lie algebroids with examples.
problem Invariant inverse problem of the calculus of variations
method Extends exterior differential systems to Lie algebroids, defines integral manifolds.
result Defines integral manifolds for exterior diff. systems on Lie algebroids.
Evolutionary forms, as well as exterior forms, are skew-symmetric differential forms. But in contrast to the exterior forms, the basis of evolutionary forms is deforming manifolds (with unclosed metric forms). Such forms possess a peculiarity, namely, the closed inexact exterior forms are obtained from that. The closur…
It is shown that two definitions for an exterior differential in superspace, giving the same exterior calculus, yet lead to different results when applied to the Poisson bracket. A prescription for the transition with the help of these exterior differentials from the given Poisson bracket of definite Grassmann parity t…
The paper generalizes Monge-Ampère equations and their solutions in differential geometry.
problem Understanding the structure of Monge-Ampère equations and their solutions.
method Generalizing Monge-Ampère equations to higher-order systems and proving their solutions correspond to integral manifolds of exterior differential systems.
result The Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation and Cauchy-Riemann equations are examples of generalized Monge-Ampère equations.
Exterior differential systems are given, and their Cartan characters calculated, for Maxwell and SU(2)-Yang-Mills equations in dimensions from three to six.
Survey revisits vector calculus results using exterior derivative and provides a new formulation of Stokes' theorem.
problem Classical results in vector calculus and analysis.
method Generalised perspective on the exterior derivative and a higher-dimensional Mean Value Theorem.
result Provides a natural formulation of Stokes' theorem and a practical algorithm for exterior differentiation.
Extends Young integral to Hölder differential forms in arbitrary dimensions.
problem Extending the Young integral to Hölder differential forms in arbitrary dimensions.
method Introducing a complex of cochains, α-fractional charges, and defining the exterior product between them.
result The exterior product between α-fractional and β-fractional charges is defined when α + β > 1.
We construct a two-parameter covariant differential calculus on the quantum -exterior plane. We also give a deformation of the two-dimensional fermionic phase space.
A generalization of exterior calculus is considered by allowing the partial derivatives in the exterior derivative to assume fractional orders. That is, a fractional exterior derivative is defined. This is found to generate new vector spaces of finite and infinite dimension, fractional differential form spaces. The def…
I describe work in progress with Baryshnikov and Zharnitsky on periodic billiard orbits that leads one to an exterior differential system (EDS). I then give a brief introduction to EDS illustrated by several examples.
A new discrete calculus for bundle-valued forms is proposed and validated.
problem Discretization of exterior calculus for bundle-valued forms.
method Discretization of Cartan's exterior calculus for differential forms with values in vector bundles.
result The proposed discrete operator mimics the continuous exterior covariant derivative and ensures numerical convergence.
This is an elementary introduction to exterior differential systems motivated by two examples: minimal submanifolds and the isometric embedding problem. The two main goals of the lectures are: 1. To explain how to find an appropriate geometric setting for studying a given system of pde. 2. To explain the Cartan algorit…
An exterior differential calculus in the general framework of generalized Lie algebroids is presented. A theorem of Maurer-Cartan type is obtained. All results with details proofs are presented and a new point of view over exterior differential calculus for Lie algebroids is obtained. Using the theory of linear connect…
Extends differential geometry concepts to manifolds with super tangent bundles.
problem No specific problem stated; extending differential geometry to super tangent bundles.
method Introduces super tangent bundle and extends differential geometry concepts.
result Basic notions of differential geometry extended to manifolds with super tangent bundles.
These are notes for a very rapid introduction to the basics of exterior differential systems and their connection with what is now known as Lie theory, together with some typical and not-so-typical applications to illustrate their use.
We prove that the only natural operations between differential forms are those obtained using linear combinations, the exterior product and the exterior differential. Our result generalises work by Palais and Freed-Hopkins. As an application, we also deduce a theorem, originally due to Kolar, that determines those natu…
We approach the construction of Backlund transformations for Darboux integrable hyperbolic partial differential equations in the plane through the reduction of exterior differential systems. For example it is shown that all the Backlund transformations in arXiv:0707.4408v2 can be constructed using symmetry reduction.
In this paper, as the second in our series of papers on differential geometry of microlinear Frolicher spaces, we study differenital forms. The principal result is that the exterior differentiation is uniquely determined geometrically, just as grad (ient), div (ergence) and rot (ation) are uniquely determined geometric…
A new category of Lie algebras, called generalized Lie algebras, is presented such that classical Lie algebras and Lie-Rinehart algebras are objects of this new category. A new philosophy over generalized Lie algebroids theory is presented using the notion of generalized Lie algebra and examples of objects of the categ…
Symmetries of variational problems are considered as symmetries of vector bundle valued exterior differential systems. This approach is then applied to third order ordinary variational equations of motion of the semi-classical spinning particle.
A theorem of Maurer-Cartan type for Lie algebroids is presented. Suppose that any vector subbundle of a Lie algebroid is called interior differential system (IDS) for that Lie algebroid. A theorem of Cartan type is obtained. Extending the classical notion of exterior differential system (EDS) to Lie algebroids, a theor…
Abstract: Study Kähler identities on almost complex manifolds.
problem Generalize Kähler identities to almost complex manifolds.
method Study via Clifford bundle and Dirac operator, then translate results to exterior bundle.
result Obtain generalization of Kähler identities for compact almost complex manifolds.
The Cartan-Kähler theorem is extended to Lie algebroids.
problem Extending exterior differential systems to Lie algebroids.
method Developed the Cartan-Kähler theorem for Lie algebroids with surjective anchor map.
result Illustrative example and application to inverse problem of calculus of variations.
New expressions for Nijenhuis tensor squares found.
problem Understanding Nijenhuis tensor squares.
method Expressed dual forms in terms of exterior derivative derivatives.
result New vanishing results for Nijenhuis tensor squares.
Revises Gauss's Lemma using metrical distortion and differential slip.
problem Revising Gauss's Lemma in Riemannian geometry.
method Defining metrical distortion and differential slip, showing their geometric implications.
result Geodesically radial volume and length preservation properties.
Study pseudo-holomorphic disks in real analytic hypersurfaces using exterior differential systems.
problem Existence of pseudo-holomorphic disks in non-integrable real analytic hypersurfaces.
method Theory of exterior differential systems.
result Non-existence of certain equivalent structures in the non-integrable case.
Characterizes when differential forms have weak exterior derivatives based on limiting behavior of integration over simplices.
problem Characterizing differential forms with weak exterior derivatives.
method Uses integration over simplices to characterize the limiting behavior of differential forms.
result Proves a direct analogue of the Bourgain-Brezis-Mironescu characterization for differential forms.
In this paper we analyze the tangential symmetries of Darboux integrable decomposable exterior differential systems. The decomposable systems generalize the notion of a hyperbolic exterior differential system and include the classic notion of Darboux integrability for first order systems and second order scalar equatio…
For For a given PDE system, or an exterior differential system possessing a Lie group of internal symmetries the orbit reduction procedure is introduced. It is proved that the solutions of the reduced exterior differential system are in one-to-one correspondence with the moduli space of regular solutions of the prolong…
We briefly recall a fundamental exterior differential system introduced by the author and then apply it to the case of three dimensions. Here we find new global tensors and intrinsic invariants of oriented Riemaniann 3-manifolds. The system leads to a remarkable Weingarten type equation for surfaces on hyperbolic 3-spa…
Parametric Cartan theory of exterior differential systems, and explicit cohomology of projective manifolds reveal united rationality features of differential algebraic geometry.
The closure conditions of the inexact exterior differential form and dual form (an equality to zero of differentials of these forms) can be treated as a definition of some differential-geometrical structure. Such a connection discloses the properties and specific features of the differential-geometrical structures. The…
We prove that the only natural differential operations between holomorphic forms on a complex manifold are those obtained using linear combinations, the exterior product and the exterior differential. In order to accomplish this task we first develop the basics of the theory of natural holomorphic bundles over a fixed …
Almost Hermitian Identitiesmath.DG
Study local commutation relation on almost complex manifolds.
problem Local commutation relation between Lefschetz operator and exterior differential.
method Analyzing almost complex manifolds with compatible metrics.
result Generalizes local Kähler identities to almost Hermitian manifolds.
Exterior differential systems, Lie algebra cohomology, and the rigidity of homogenous varietiesmath.AG
These are expository notes from the 2008 Srni Winter School. They have two purposes: (1) to give a quick introduction to exterior differential systems (EDS), which is a collection of techniques for determining local existence to systems of partial differential equations, and (2) to give an exposition of recent work (jo…
Discrete Exterior Calculusmath.DG
We present a theory and applications of discrete exterior calculus on simplicial complexes of arbitrary finite dimension. This can be thought of as calculus on a discrete space. Our theory includes not only discrete differential forms but also discrete vector fields and the operators acting on these objects. This allow…
Analyzes the generality of solitons for structures.
problem Understanding the space of solitons for the Laplacian flow of closed -structures.
method Constructs a natural exterior differential system whose integral manifolds describe solitons and applies Cartan-Kahler theory.
result For closed solitons, the germs depend on 16 functions of 6 variables.
Paper introduces an invariant to distinguish handlebody-knot exteriors.
problem Challenges in distinguishing handlebody-knots with homeomorphic exteriors.
method Defined an invariant (annulus diagram) using characteristic submanifold theory and Koda-Ozawa classification for essential annuli.
result The annulus diagram can differentiate handlebody-knot families.
New integration theory on topological spaces, including fractals.
problem Developing a universal integration theory for arbitrary topological spaces.
method Introducing a new integration framework using unital magma valued functions and measures.
result Integration, differentiation, and orientation defined for arbitrary topological spaces.
We study in detail Hodge-Helmholtz decompositions in non-smooth exterior domains filled with inhomogeneous and anisotropic media. We show decompositions of alternating differential forms belonging to weighted Sobolev spaces into irrotational and solenoidal forms. These decompositions are essential tools, for example, i…
Rust Implementation of Finite Element Exterior Calculus on Coordinate-Free Simplicial Complexesmath.NA
Rust library solves complex equations on abstract simplicial complexes.
problem Solving partial differential equations on abstract simplicial complexes.
method Finite Element Exterior Calculus, intrinsic Riemannian metric, first-order Whitney basis functions.
result Verification through convergence studies on elliptic Hodge-Laplace eigenvalue and source problems.
The L 1-Sobolev inequality states that the L n/(n--1)-norm of a compactly supported function on Euclidean n-space is controlled by the L 1-norm of its gradient. The generalization to differential forms (due to Lanzani & Stein and Bourgain & Brezis) is recent, and states that a the L n/(n--1)-norm of a compactly support…
The generalization of the n-dimensional cube, an n-dimensional chain, the exterior derivative and the integral of a differential n-form on it are introduced and investigated. The analogue of Stokes theorem for the differential space is given.
Diffeology explores -forms and bundles with more information than traditional differential forms.
problem Understanding -forms and bundles in diffeological spaces.
method Developed theory of diffeological vector pseudo-bundles, including limits and colimits, and various operations.
result Sections of bundles of -forms contain more information than differential forms.
Basic aspects of differential geometry can be extended to various non-classical settings: Lipschitz manifolds, rectifiable sets, sub-Riemannian manifolds, Banach manifolds, Weiner space, etc. Although the constructions differ, in each of these cases one can define a module of measurable 1-forms and a first-order exteri…
We use methods from exterior differential systems (EDS) to develop a geometric theory of scalar, first-order Lagrangian functionals and their associated Euler-Lagrange PDEs, subject to contact transformations. The first chapter contains an introduction of the classical Poincare-Cartan form in the context of EDS, follow…
In this paper we present a far-reaching generalization of E. Vessiot's analysis of the Darboux integrable partial differential equations in one dependent and two independent variables. Our approach provides new insights into this classical method, uncovers the fundamental geometric invariants of Darboux integrable syst…