arXiv research

New algebraic fundamental groups identified for fake projective planes.

Relations between conjugate connections with respect to the pair of Norden metrics and to the almost complex structure on almost Norden manifolds are studied. Conjugate connections of the Levi-Civita connections induced by the Norden metrics are obtained. Statistical structures on almost Norden manifolds are considered…

Paper describes how to extend multiple conjugation quandles using maps.

In this paper, complement-equivalent arithmetic Zariski pairs will be exhibited answering in the negative a question by Eyral-Oka on these curves and their groups. A complement-equivalent arithmetic Zariski pair is a pair of complex projective plane curves having Galois-conjugate equations in some number field whose co…

Let ${\bf H}_{\mathbb C}^n$ be the $n$-dimensional complex hyperbolic space and ${\rm SU}(n,1)$ be the (holomorphic) isometry group. An element $g$ in ${\rm SU}(n,1)$ is called loxodromic or hyperbolic if it has exactly two fixed points on the boundary $\partial {\bf H}_{\mathbb C}^n$. We classify ${\rm SU}(n,1)$ conju…

Let $\nabla$ be a linear connection on an $2n$-dimensional almost anti-Hermitian manifold $M$\ equipped with an almost complex structure $J$, a pseudo-Riemannian metric $g$ and the twin metric $G=g\circ J$. In this paper, we first introduce three types of conjugate connections of linear connections relative to $g$, $G…

A quandle is an algebra whose axioms are motivated from knot theory. A linear extension of a quandle can be described by using a pair of maps called an Alexander pair. In this paper, we show that a linear extension of a multiple conjugation quandle can be described by using a pair of maps called an MCQ Alexander pair, …

The paper generalizes a mean value theorem for solutions of the ultrahyperbolic equation.

In this paper, we establish upper bounds on the length of the shortest conjugator between pairs of infinite order elements in a wide class of groups. We obtain a general result which applies to all hierarchically hyperbolic groups, a class which includes mapping class groups, right-angled Artin groups, Burger--Mozes-ty…

Let $G(n)={\rm Sp}(n,1)$ or ${\rm SU}(n,1)$. We classify conjugation orbits of generic pairs of loxodromic elements in $G(n)$. Such pairs, called `non-singular', were introduced by Gongopadhyay and Parsad for ${\rm SU}(3,1)$. We extend this notion and classify $G(n)$-conjugation orbits of such elements in arbitrary dim…

The paper explores linear generalised complex structures over vector bundles.

In a previous work, the third named author found a combinatorics of line arrangements whose realizations live in the cyclotomic group of the fifth roots of unity and such that their non-complex-conjugate embedding are not topologically equivalent in the sense that they are not embedded in the same way in the complex pr…

Properties of pairs of product conjugate connections are stated with a special view towards the integrability of the given almost product structure. We define the analogous in product geometry of the structural and the virtual tensors from the Hermitian geometry and express the product conjugate connections in terms of…

We classify algebraic curvature tensors such that the Ricci operator is simple (i.e. the Ricci operator is complex diagonalizable and either the complex spectrum consists of a single real eigenvalue or the complex spectrum consists of a pair of eigenvalues which are complex conjugates of each other) and which are Jacob…

We exploit an ansatz in order to construct power series expansions for pairs of conjugate functions defined on domains of Euclidean $3$--space. Convergence properties of the resulting series are investigated. Entire solutions which are not harmonic are found as well as a $2$-parameter family of examples which contains …

Study finds conjugate points in geodesics of Kolmogorov flows on torus.

Let $Sp(2,1)$ be the isometry group of the quaternionic hyperbolic plane ${{\bf H}_{\mathbb H}}^2$. An element $g$ in $Sp(2,1)$ is `hyperbolic' if it fixes exactly two points on the boundary of ${{\bf H}_{\mathbb H}}^2$. We classify pairs of hyperbolic elements in $Sp(2,1)$ up to conjugation. A hyperbolic element of $S…

Study analyzes Lévy process structure on manifolds with conjugate points.

We give an explicit construction of any simply-connected superconformal surface $φ\colon M^2\to \R^4$ in Euclidean space in terms of a pair of conjugate minimal surfaces $g,h\colon M^2\to\R^4$. That $φ$ is superconformal means that its ellipse of curvature is a circle at any point. We characterize the pairs $(g,h)$ of …

The goal of this paper is to classify pairs of Morse functions in general position modulo the action of different groups.In particular, we obtain the classification of generic pairs of Morse functions, with or without target diffeomorphisms, and that of quotients of Morse functions.We will also present a lemma which gi…

Conjugate pairs of distributions over infinite dimensional spaces are prominent in statistical learning theory, particularly due to the widespread adoption of Bayesian nonparametric methodologies for a host of models and applications. Much of the existing literature in the learning community focuses on processes posses…

Researchers explore geometric dualities in statistical manifolds.

We find all pairs of real analytic functions $f$ and $g$ in $\bbR^n$ such that $|\nabla f|=|\nabla g|$ and $(\nabla f)(\nabla g)=0$.

Given any connected compact orientable surface, a pair of mapping classes are said to be procongruently conjugate if they induce a conjugate pair of outer automophisms on the profinite completion of the fundamental group of the surface. For example, this occurs if they induce conjugate outer automorphisms on every char…

We give a positive answer to the Chavel's conjecture [J. Diff. Geom. 4 (1970), 13-20]: a simply connected rank one normal homogeneous space is symmetric if any pair of conjugate points are isotropic. It implies that all simply connected rank one normal homogeneous space with the property that the isotropy action is var…

We consider Lie groups ${\rm SU}(n,1)$ and ${\rm Sp}(n,1)$ that act as the isometries of the complex and quaternionic hyperbolic spaces respectively. We classify pairs of semisimple elements in ${\rm Sp}(n,1)$ and ${\rm SU}(n,1)$ up to conjugacy. This gives local parametrization of the representations $ρ$ in $Hom(F_2, …

We study the microlocal properties of the geodesic X-ray transform $\mathcal{X}$ on a manifold with boundary allowing the presence of conjugate points. Assuming that there are no self-intersecting geodesics and all conjugate pairs are nonsingular we show that the normal operator $\mathcal{N} = \mathcal{X}^t \circ \math…

We describe a minimal global coordinate system of order 30 on the SL(4,C)-character variety of a rank 2 free group. Using symmetry within this system, we obtain a smaller collection of 22 coordinates subject to 5 further real relations that determine conjugation classes of generic pairs of matrices in SU(3,1).

The paper examines boundedness of diffeomorphism groups of manifold pairs, focusing on the circle case.

We introduce real structures on $L$-twisted Higgs pairs over a compact Riemann surface equipped with an anti-holomorphic involution, and prove a Hitchin--Kobayashi correspondence for them. Real $G$-Higgs bundles, where $G$ is a real form of a connected semisimple complex affine algebraic group $G^{\mathbb{C}}$, constit…

Paper explores folding patterns of curved creases preserving their geometric properties.

In this paper, we study the Galois conjugates of stretch factors of pseudo-Anosov elements of the mapping class group of a surface. We show that - except in low-complexity cases - these conjugates are dense in the complex plane. For this, we use Penner's construction of pseudo-Anosov mapping classes. As a consequence, …

PMM uses Bayesian inference to generate data from noisy approximations.

We give a systematic way to construct almost conjugate pairs of finite subgroups of $Spin(2n+1)$ and $Pin(n)$ for $n\in \mathbb{N}$ sufficiently large. As a geometric application, we give an infinite family of pairs $M_1^{d_n}$ and $M_2^{d_n}$ of nearly Kähler manifolds that are isospectral for the Dirac and Laplace op…

The moduli space of smooth real binary octics has five connected components. They parametrize the real binary octics whose defining equations have 0, 1, ..., 4 complex-conjugate pairs of roots respectively. We show that the GIT-stable completion of each of these five components admits the structure of an arithmetic rea…

Positive permutation braids on n strings, which are defined to be positive n-braids where each pair of strings crosses at most once, form the elementary but non-trivial building blocks in many studies of conjugacy in the braid groups. We consider conjugacy among these elementary braids which close to knots, and show th…

For isolated complex hypersurface singularities with real defining equation we show the existence of a monodromy vector field such that complex conjugation intertwines the local monodromy diffeomorphism with its inverse. In particular, it follows that the geometric monodromy is the composition of the involution induced…

The quotients $Y=X/conj$ by the complex conjugation $conj\: X\to X$ for complex rational and Enriques surfaces $X$ defined over $\R$ are shown to be diffeomorphic to connected sums of $\barCP2$, whenever $Y$ are simply connected.

New discretizations of principal curvature lines discovered.

The paper studies quandles of hyperbolic 3-space isometries.

New operators help focus on specific areas in complex math problems.

Study geodesic ray transform on 2D manifolds with conjugate points.

Different topics on the differential geometry of the complex Grassmann manifold are surveyed in relation to the coherent states. A calculation of the tangent conjugate locus and conjugate locus in the complex Grassmann manifold is presented. The proofs use the Jordan's stationary angles. Also various formulas for the d…

A Riemannian manifold is said to be uniformly secure if there is a finite number $s$ such that all geodesics connecting an arbitrary pair of points in the manifold can be blocked by $s$ point obstacles. We prove that the number of geodesics with length $\leq T$ between every pair of points in a uniformly secure manifol…

Study para-CR structures relaxing complex conjugation constraint, finding homogeneous models.

In this paper we construct effective invariants for braid monodromy of affine curves. We also prove that, for some curves, braid monodromy determines their topology. We apply this result to find a pair of curves with conjugate equations in a number field but which do not admit any orientation-preserving homeomorphism.

We prove that generic elements of braid groups are pseudo-Anosov, in the following sense: in the Cayley graph of the braid group with n $\ge$ 3 strands, with respect to Garside's generating set, we prove that the proportion of pseudo-Anosov braids in the ball of radius l tends to 1 exponentially quickly as l tends to i…

An Artin HNN-extension is an HNN-extension of an Artin group in which the stable letter conjugates a pair of suitably chosen subsets of the standard generating set. We show that some finite index subgroup of an Artin HNN-extension embeds in an Artin group. We also obtain an analogous result for Coxeter groups.