arXiv research

Paper studies knotoid chirality using shadow quandle colorings and invariants.

For a knot K the cube number is a knot invariant defined to be the smallest n for which there is a cube diagram of size n for K. We will show that the cube number detects chirality in all cases computed thus far, and distinguishes certain legendrian knots.

Study improves chiral photonic metasurface design using neural networks and genetic algorithms.

Researchers study chirality in a specific type of torus-covering link.

Study finds new knot distances and chirally cosmetic bands using grid diagrams.

We explore the nonperturbative aspects of the chiral algebras of N = (0,2) sigma models, which perturbatively are intimately related to the theory of chiral differential operators (CDOs). The grading by charge and scaling dimension is anomalous if the first Chern class of the target space is nonzero. This has some nont…

Computes knot types using HOMFLY-PT polynomial.

Generically, topological insulators have conical points leading to Dirac-like currents.

It is known that the first two-variable Links--Gould quantum link invariant $LG\equiv LG^{2,1}$ is more powerful than the HOMFLYPT and Kauffman polynomials, in that it distinguishes all prime knots (including reflections) of up to 10 crossings. Here we report investigations which greatly expand the set of evaluations o…

Tying knots and linking microscopic loops of polymers, macromolecules, or defect lines in complex materials is a challenging task for material scientists. We demonstrate the knotting of microscopic topological defect lines in chiral nematic liquid crystal colloids into knots and links of arbitrary complexity by using l…

We use the compactified twistor correspondence for the (2+1)-dimensional integrable chiral model to prove a conjecture of Ward. In particular, we construct the correspondence space of a compactified twistor fibration and use it to prove that the second Chern numbers of the holomorphic vector bundles, corresponding to t…

Two new minor minimal intrinsically chiral graphs identified.

Chiral string integrands simplify to ambitwistor string integrands in the tensionless limit.

This is the second in a series of papers on a new equivariant cohomology that takes values in a vertex algebra. In an earlier paper, the first two authors gave a construction of the cohomology functor on the category of O(sg) algebras. The new cohomology theory can be viewed as a kind of "chiralization'' of the classic…

Paper restricts chirally cosmetic surgeries on knots.

3-manifolds are chiral if not finitely covered by sphere or product.

We define a notion of stability for chiral ring of four dimensional N=1 theory by introducing test chiral rings and generalized a maximization. We conjecture that a chiral ring is the chiral ring of a superconformal field theory if and only if it is stable. We then study N=1 field theory derived from D3 branes probing …

Tensor measures chirality for curves, even those with rough edges.

Study shows most odd pretzel knots don't allow chirally cosmetic surgeries.

Special knots with many twists have no certain type of surgery.

This paper classifies chiral graphs up to size 12.

Study finds chirally cosmetic surgeries on knots and manifolds, contradicting previous conjectures.

Study describes global sections of chiral de Rham complex on compact Ricci-flat Kähler manifolds.

Ambitwistor string matches superstring chiral integrands at zero tension.

We classify which complete multipartite graphs are intrinsically chiral.

Given a two-dimensional quantum field theory with (0,2) supersymmetry, one can construct a chiral (or vertex) algebra. The chiral algebra of a (0,2) supersymmetric sigma model is, perturbatively, the cohomology of a sheaf of chiral differential operators on a string Kähler manifold. However, it vanishes in some cases w…

When trying to cast the free fermion in the framework of functorial field theory, its chiral anomaly manifests in the fact that it assigns the determinant of the Dirac operator to a top-dimensional closed spin manifold, which is not a number as expected, but an element of a complex line. In functorial field theory lang…

Study calculates global sections on complex curves.

Constructs chiral rational homology spheres with hyperbolic groups.

Chirality affects the curvature of molecular networks, influencing their shape and stability.

The study confirms that most positive 2-bridge knots up to 31 crossings do not have chirally cosmetic surgeries.

We show that a $(p,q)$-cable of a non-trivial knot $K$ does not admit chirally cosmetic surgery for $q\neq 2$, or $q=2$ with additional assumptions. In particular, we show that $(p,q)$-cable of non-trivial knot $K$ does not admit chirally cosmetic surgery as long as the JSJ piece of knot exterior does not contain $(2,r…

It is known that the bundle of Dirac spinors is produced as a direct sum of two bundles - the bundle of chiral spinors and its Hermitian conjugate bundle. In this paper some aspects of metric connections for chiral and Dirac spinors are resumed and their relation is studied.

Designs chiral photonic structures using machine learning for efficient optical properties.

We explore two-dimensional sigma models with (0,2) supersymmetry through their chiral algebras. Perturbatively, the chiral algebras of (0,2) models have a rich infinite-dimensional structure described by the cohomology of a sheaf of chiral differential operators. Nonperturbatively, instantons can deform this structure …

We introduce invariants of spatial graphs related to the Wu invariant and the Simon invariant, and apply them to prove that certain graphs are intrinsically chiral, and to obtain lower bounds for the minimal crossing number of embedded graphs.

Develops a braid-theoretic framework to analyze chirality in molecular knots.

Study shows most knots up to 10 crossings can't be chirally cosmetic.

Massive fermions help understand index theorems without chiral symmetry.

We call a closed, connected, orientable manifold in one of the categories TOP, PL or DIFF chiral if it does not admit an orientation-reversing automorphism and amphicheiral otherwise. Moreover, we call a manifold strongly chiral if it does not admit a self-map of degree -1. We prove that there are strongly chiral, smoo…

We study chirally cosmetic surgeries, that is, a pair of Dehn surgeries on a knot producing homeomorphic 3-manifolds with opposite orientations. Several constraints on knots and surgery slopes to admit such surgeries are given. Our main ingredients are the original and the $SL(2,\mathbb{C})$ version of Casson invariant…

The abstract discusses connecting quantum mechanics and algebraic index theories.

Given a smooth $G$-vector bundle $E \to M$ with a connection $\nabla$, we propose the construction of a sheaf of vertex algebras $\mathcal{E}^{ch(E,\nabla)}$, which we call a \textit{chiral vector bundle}. $\mathcal{E}^{ch(E,\nabla)}$ contains as subsheaves the sheaf of superalgebras $Ω\otimes Γ(SE \otimes ΛE)$ and the…

In this paper, we study the perturbative aspects of the half-twisted variant of Witten's topological A-model coupled to a non-dynamical gauge field with Kahler target space X being a G-manifold. Our main objective is to furnish a purely physical interpretation of the equivariant cohomology of the chiral de Rham complex…

This paper extends T-duality to exotic chiral de Rham complexes.

New Heegaard Floer homology findings block chirally cosmetic surgeries.

According to our previous results, the conjugacy class of the involution induced by the complex conjugation in the homology of a real non-singular cubic fourfold determines the fourfold up to projective equivalence and deformation. Here, we show how to eliminate the projective equivalence and to obtain a pure deformati…

Paper constructs and proves existence of chiral triply-periodic minimal surfaces.