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48 results for cash flow certainty equivalence

Proposes a new method to rank risky investments based on Omega measure.

problem Evaluating and ranking risky investment projects.
method Introduces an investment certainty equivalence approach and uses the Omega measure.
result Proposed method ranks projects differently from conventional risk-adjusted discount rate (RADR) approach.

This paper introduces new risk measures for evaluating losses with varying time horizons.

problem Capturing horizon risk and cash non-additivity in risk evaluation.
method Uses BSDEs and shortfall approaches to develop h-generalized shortfall risk measures.
result Introduces hq-entropic risk measures as a new family of fully-dynamic risk measures.

Study on implied certainty equivalent rates in financial markets and electric vehicles.

problem Investment risk in financial markets.
method Mathematical derivation of implied certainty equivalent rate, empirical analysis of stock and option data.
result Positive implied certainty equivalent rates are more suitable for investment than negative ones, but higher values increase risk.

Study shows certainty equivalent policy minimizes regret in continuous-time systems.

problem Minimizing regret in continuous-time stochastic linear-quadratic systems.
method Theoretical analysis of randomized certainty equivalent policy.
result Establishes square-root of time regret bounds and linear scaling with parameters.

In this paper we aim to find a measure for the diversity of cash flows between agents in an economy. We argue that cash flows can be linked to probabilities of finding a currency unit in a given cash flow. We then use the information entropy as a natural measure of diversity. This leads to a hirarchical inequality meas…

2013-01-23abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper develops a new approach to conditional risk measures using modular convex analysis.

problem Developing a new method for conditional risk measures.
method Random modular approach to conditional certainty equivalents and niveloids in the conditional LL^{\infty}-space.
result Retrieves a conditional variational formula for optimized certainty equivalents and applies it to the conditional entropic risk measure.

Paper develops models to forecast private equity fund cash flows.

problem Limited literature on illiquid alternative asset cash flow forecasting.
method Develops benchmark model and two novel approaches (direct vs. indirect) using LSTM/GRU models and macroeconomic indicators.
result Direct model performs better and aligns with actual cash flows, but indirect model's performance is less clear.

Solves Merton's investment-consumption problem with certainty equivalent approach.

problem Maximizing CRRA utility of consumption over time and investment mix.
method Identifies a certainty equivalent problem for the Merton problem, reformulates it as an SOCP, and applies it to model predictive control.
result The certainty equivalent problem can be solved as an SOCP, facilitating model predictive control.

Overview of risk-sensitive Markov decision processes with Optimized Certainty Equivalent.

problem Optimizing decision-making under risk in Markov processes.
method Analyzes risk-sensitive criteria using Optimized Certainty Equivalent, including entropic risk and Conditional Value-at-Risk.
result Conditions for the existence of optimal policies and solution procedures are provided.

Paper defines the payback period for nonconventional cash flows using axioms.

problem Defining the payback period for nonconventional cash flows is challenging.
method Used axiomatic approach to define the payback period.
result The last break-even point of the project balance is the only definition consistent with axioms.

Study risk-sensitive market making with entropy regularization for better quote control.

problem Risk-sensitive market making with exponential utility and penalties.
method Entropy-regularized certainty-equivalent Bellman policies for discrete-time market dynamics.
result Proves convergence and performance bounds for entropy-regularized policies.

Study optimizes insurance liability cash flows with regulatory capital requirements.

problem Valuation of insurance liabilities under regulatory capital constraints.
method Multiple-prior optimal stopping theory applied to insurance liabilities, considering hypothetical transfer and repeated capital requirements.
result Proposes a valuation functional for non-replicable cash flows, incorporating a margin for regulatory capital considerations.

Study cash-flow forecasting for derivatives, aligning with replication strategy and addressing timing frictions.

problem Inconsistencies in cash-flow forecasting under different measures and stochastic payment times.
method Use discounting sensitivities (funding-curve hedge ratios) for replication and propose a liquidity valuation adjustment.
result Aligns forecasting with replication strategy and avoids measure-mixing issues.

Deep learning solves dynamic programming with recursive utility.

problem Challenges in solving high-dimensional discrete-time dynamic programming problems with recursive utility.
method Certainty Equivalent Learning (CEL) algorithm that learns certainty-equivalent value directly with neural networks.
result Accurate value and policy approximations in high-dimensional problems, comparable to VFI in some cases.

We present an approach to market-consistent multi-period valuation of insurance liability cash flows based on a two-stage valuation procedure. First, a portfolio of traded financial instrument aimed at replicating the liability cash flow is fixed. Then the residual cash flow is managed by repeated one-period replicatio…

2016-07-14abs ↗pdf ↗

The paper analyzes risk estimation methods and derives bounds for OCE risk.

problem Estimating the Optimized Certainty Equivalent (OCE) risk from samples.
method Derives mean-squared error and concentration bounds for SAA of OCE, and analyzes an efficient stochastic approximation-based estimator.
result Finite sample bounds and mis-identification probability bounds for the efficient estimator.

Proposes a Carbon Equivalence Principle for financial products to align incentives and drive sustainability.

problem Align financial market incentives with carbon emissions to limit global warming.
method Introduces a Carbon Equivalence Principle requiring financial products to describe equivalent carbon flows alongside cash flows.
result Transparency of carbon flows in financial products can align incentives and reduce future costs, necessitating project re-structuring and financial net-zero designs.

Introduces new performance measures using scaled utility functions.

problem Performance measurement in financial contexts.
method Certainty equivalents defined via scaled utility functions, well-posed portfolio optimization problem under generic conditions.
result Link between portfolio dynamics, benchmark process, and utility function choice in the long-run setting.

In this article, a sensitivity analysis of long-term cash flows with respect to perturbations in the underlying process is presented. For this purpose, we employ the martingale extraction through which a pricing operator is transformed into what is easier to address. The method of Fournie et al. will be combined with t…

2015-11-12abs ↗pdf ↗

Study scaling limits for option pricing in trinomial models.

problem Analyzing exponential hedging in trinomial models converging to Black-Scholes.
method Purely probabilistic approach using duality, martingale, and weak-convergence techniques.
result Derives a scaling limit for exponential certainty-equivalent prices in trinomial models.

CEFOL uses deep learning for dynamic programming with recursive utility.

problem Challenges in solving dynamic programming problems with recursive utility.
method Introduces a separate neural network for certainty equivalent, uses first-order optimality conditions to learn value and policy functions.
result CEFOL achieves high accuracy in learning value and policy functions, matching VFI benchmarks.

This paper introduces an information-based model for the pricing of storable commodities such as crude oil and natural gas. The model uses the concept of market information about future supply and demand as a basis for valuation. Physical ownership of a commodity is taken to provide a stream of convenience dividends eq…

2013-07-21abs ↗pdf ↗

A new method prices time-to-event cash flows using survival analysis.

problem Pricing insurance investment portfolios with time-to-event cash flows.
method Discrete-time survival analysis framework, hazard rate estimators, asymptotic multivariate normality.
result Pricing model yields estimates closer to actual cash flows than non-random models.

We study the performance of the certainty equivalent controller on Linear Quadratic (LQ) control problems with unknown transition dynamics. We show that for both the fully and partially observed settings, the sub-optimality gap between the cost incurred by playing the certainty equivalent controller on the true system …

2019-02-21abs ↗pdf ↗

This paper closely examines theoretical and practical aspects of the widely used discounted cash flows (DCF) valuation method. It assesses its potentials as well as several weaknesses. A special emphasize is being put on the valuation of companies using the DCF method. The paper finds that the discounted cash flow meth…

2010-03-25abs ↗pdf ↗

Study risk-sensitive reinforcement learning with optimized certainty equivalents.

problem Risk-sensitive reinforcement learning in finite discounted MDPs.
method Analyzed a simple model-based approach and derived PAC sample complexity bounds.
result Established tight sample complexity bounds for value and policy learning.

This work uses a scalable approach to identify partially observed nonlinear systems.

problem Offline identification of partially observed nonlinear systems.
method Certainty-equivalent expectation-maximization (CEEM) as block coordinate-ascent.
result The CEEM approach can identify high-dimensional systems reliably and efficiently.

The present paper provides the basis for a novel financial asset pricing model that could avoid the shortcomings of, or even completely replace the traditional DCF model. The model is based on Brownian motion logic and expected future cash flow values. It can be very useful for Islamic Finance.

2014-04-19abs ↗pdf ↗

A new framework for asset price dynamics is introduced in which the concept of noisy information about future cash flows is used to derive the price processes. In this framework an asset is defined by its cash-flow structure. Each cash flow is modelled by a random variable that can be expressed as a function of a colle…

2007-04-16abs ↗pdf ↗

Unified framework connects two market-making models, revealing their underlying equivalence.

problem Independent calibration of two market-making frameworks (Avellaneda-Stoikov and Cartea-Jaimungal).
method Axiomatic approach to market preference functional, showing equivalence under specific conditions.
result Avellaneda-Stoikov and Cartea-Jaimungal frameworks are equivalent under certain conditions.

We consider a constructive model for asset price bubbles, where the market price WW is endogenously determined by the trading activity on the market and the fundamental price WFW^F is exogenously given, as in the work of Jarrow, Protter and Roch (2012). To justify WFW^F from a fundamental point of view, we embed this …

2016-11-04abs ↗pdf ↗

Study optimal investment decisions for diverse risk-tolerant agents.

problem Optimizing investment choices for agents with varying risk preferences.
method Characterizes optimal behavior using certainty equivalents and lognormal risks.
result Derives optimal decision menus under known and uncertain preference distributions.

We consider the problem of optimal risk sharing in a pool of cooperative agents. We analyze the asymptotic behavior of the certainty equivalents and risk premia associated with the Pareto optimal risk sharing contract as the pool expands. We first study this problem under expected utility preferences with an objectivel…

2016-01-26abs ↗pdf ↗

This paper presents an overview of information-based asset pricing. In this approach, an asset is defined by its cash-flow structure. The market is assumed to have access to "partial" information about future cash flows. Each cash flow is determined by a collection of independent market factors called X-factors. The ma…

2010-04-27abs ↗pdf ↗