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82163245326 · Jun 202019922001200920172026
48 results for calibration measures

This post introduces model calibration and evaluation measures, highlighting issues with a common measure.

problem Ensuring model confidence accurately reflects true outcomes.
method Explains common calibration definition, ECE, and its drawbacks.
result New evaluation measures needed for comprehensive model calibration.

In safety-critical applications a probabilistic model is usually required to be calibrated, i.e., to capture the uncertainty of its predictions accurately. In multi-class classification, calibration of the most confident predictions only is often not sufficient. We propose and study calibration measures for multi-class…

2019-10-24abs ↗pdf ↗

Overconfidence and underconfidence in machine learning classifiers is measured by calibration: the degree to which the probabilities predicted for each class match the accuracy of the classifier on that prediction. How one measures calibration remains a challenge: expected calibration error, the most popular metric, ha…

2019-04-02abs ↗pdf ↗

Response calibration is the process of inferring how much the measured data depend on the signal one is interested in. It is essential for any quantitative signal estimation on the basis of the data. Here, we investigate self-calibration methods for linear signal measurements and linear dependence of the response on th…

2013-12-04abs ↗pdf ↗

New truthful calibration errors improve model ranking in multiclass prediction.

problem Non-truthful calibration errors can mislead model comparisons.
method Introduced perfectly truthful calibration errors for multiclass predictions.
result Truthful calibration errors preserve decision-theoretic dominance and stabilize model rankings.

Bayesian framework predicts aerodynamic uncertainty from sparse measurements.

problem Calibrating aerodynamic models with sparse and uncertain measurements.
method Bayesian latent Gaussian process for surrogate model calibration.
result Calibrated surrogate model accurately predicts aerodynamic uncertainty.

The paper introduces a spline-based method for calibrating neural networks.

problem Ensuring neural network outputs are reliable for safety-critical applications.
method Approximating the empirical cumulative distribution function using splines to map network outputs to calibrated probabilities.
result The spline-based recalibration consistently outperforms existing methods on calibration measures.

The paper studies the distance from calibration in sequential prediction, proving upper and lower bounds.

problem The challenge is to measure and minimize the deviation from perfect calibration in sequential binary prediction.
method The approach involves proving an O(T)O(\sqrt{T}) upper bound and an Ω(T1/3)Ω(T^{1/3}) lower bound, using structural results and minimax arguments.
result An O(T)O(\sqrt{T}) upper bound on the calibration distance is achieved, with an Ω(T1/3)Ω(T^{1/3}) lower bound showing the inherent difficulty.

New method calibrates classifier probabilities with guaranteed coverage.

problem Inaccurate probability estimates by classifiers in high-risk applications.
method Adaptive temperature scaling algorithm for conformal prediction.
result Improves calibration error measures and standard metrics across various tasks.

Bayesian calibration for BCP self-assembly models using image data and measure transport.

problem Calibrating models of BCP self-assembly from image data with aleatory uncertainty.
method Likelihood-free inference via measure transport and summary statistics.
result Expected information gains can be computed efficiently for model calibration.

New method calibrates asynchronous, error-prone covariates for longitudinal data.

problem Estimation biases and slow convergence in analyzing time-varying covariates with measurement error.
method Functional calibration approach based on functional principal component analysis.
result Asymptotically unbiased and consistent estimators for time-invariant coefficients; optimal convergence rate for time-varying coefficients.

Applications such as weather forecasting and personalized medicine demand models that output calibrated probability estimates---those representative of the true likelihood of a prediction. Most models are not calibrated out of the box but are recalibrated by post-processing model outputs. We find in this work that popu…

2019-09-23abs ↗pdf ↗

Certified calibration methods protect model confidence from adversarial attacks.

problem Adversarial attacks degrade model calibration, reducing confidence in predictions.
method Developed certified calibration methods to provide worst-case bounds on calibration under adversarial perturbations.
result Certified calibration methods produce analytic and approximate bounds for the Brier score and expected calibration error.

New method improves decision-making accuracy without complex calculations.

problem Improving decision-making accuracy in machine learning.
method Introducing a new measure called calibration decision loss (CDLK\mathsf{CDL}_K) for structured families of post-processing functions.
result Proves upper and lower bounds for natural classes KK of post-processing functions.

There is resurging interest, in statistics and machine learning, in solvers for ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that return probability measures instead of point estimates. Recently, Conrad et al. introduced a sampling-based class of methods that are 'well-calibrated' in a specific sense. But the computational c…

2016-05-11abs ↗pdf ↗

Smooth calibration improves forecast reliability even with leaked information.

problem Improving forecast reliability with leaked information.
method Combining nearby forecasts to ensure smooth calibration, which can be guaranteed by deterministic procedures.
result Smooth calibration can be guaranteed by deterministic procedures even with leaked forecasts, and it yields uncoupled finite-memory dynamics in games.

Improves confidence calibration in neural networks by smoothing labels based on class similarity.

problem Improving confidence calibration in deep neural networks for safety-critical applications.
method Proposes a novel label smoothing technique where label values are based on similarities with the reference class, using different similarity measurements.
result Consistently outperforms state-of-the-art calibration techniques on various datasets and network architectures.

Develops confidence intervals for ECE, a measure of model calibration.

problem Ensuring the calibration of probabilistic predictions in machine learning models.
method Develops confidence intervals for the 2\ell_2 Expected Calibration Error (ECE), considering top-1-to-kk calibration.
result Shows asymptotic normality and different convergence rates for calibrated and miscalibrated models, developing methods to construct valid confidence intervals.

This paper addresses measurement errors in high-dimensional compositional data using a log-contrast model calibration approach.

problem Measurement errors in high-dimensional regression models involving compositional covariates.
method Calibration approach for the linear log-contrast model under lenient sparsity conditions.
result Established asymptotic normality of the estimator for inference.

This paper improves confidence measurement in deep metric learning models.

problem Measuring confidence in deep metric learning models is challenging.
method Approximates class distributions using Gaussian kernel smoothing and calibrates the confidence metric.
result Improves generalization and robustness of deep metric learning models.

The paper proposes a method to produce well-calibrated predictions in regression tasks using maximum mean discrepancy.

problem The need for accurate uncertainty quantification in machine learning predictions.
method The method uses maximum mean discrepancy to minimize the kernel embedding measure and calibrate predictions.
result The method produces well-calibrated and sharp prediction intervals, outperforming state-of-the-art methods.

Building accurate language models that capture meaningful long-term dependencies is a core challenge in natural language processing. Towards this end, we present a calibration-based approach to measure long-term discrepancies between a generative sequence model and the true distribution, and use these discrepancies to …

2019-06-11abs ↗pdf ↗

New algorithms adaptively calibrate predictions in non-stationary environments, matching optimal rates.

problem Designing online prediction algorithms that adapt to varying levels of non-stationarity.
method Epoch-based scheduling and non-uniform partitioning of the prediction space.
result Achieves adaptive calibration guarantees under multiple measures with optimal rates.

Proposes a method to calibrate data for more accurate linear correlation testing.

problem Inaccurate Pearson's correlation coefficient due to sample size and data non-normality.
method Predictive data calibration using machine learning to condition data on expected linear relationship.
result Calibrated Pearson's correlation coefficient yields a calibrated p-value and r estimate for posterior probability interpretation.

New calibration energy measures deviation from calibrated geometry, enabling mean curvature flow in infinite volumes.

problem Mean curvature flow in infinite volumes with finite energy.
method Introducing calibration energy and proving its dissipation identity for mean curvature flows.
result Every proper self-expander with finite calibration energy is a plane in all dimensions and codimensions.

A new method for measuring prediction uncertainty in classifiers.

problem Measuring uncertainty of predictions from machine learning methods.
method Density Based Calibration (DBCal) technique.
result Expected calibration error of less than 0.2% on binary classifiers and less than 3% on semantic segmentation networks.

Proposes an accuracy-preserving calibration method for DNNs.

problem Calibration of deep neural networks (DNNs) to measure prediction reliability.
method Uses Concrete distribution on the probability simplex to calibrate DNNs without accuracy loss.
result The proposed method outperforms previous methods in accuracy-preserving calibration tasks.

KCal calibrates deep networks by embedding logits in a metric space.

problem Overconfident predictions from DNNs, especially in high-risk applications.
method KCal learns a metric space on the penultimate-layer latent embedding and generates predictions using kernel density estimates.
result KCal provides a provable full calibration guarantee and consistently outperforms baselines.