arXiv research

The image of the branch set of a PL branched cover between PL $n$-manifolds is a simplicial $(n-2)$-complex. We demonstrate that the reverse implication also holds: an open and discrete map $f \colon \mathbb{S}^n \to \mathbb{S}^n$ with the image of the branch set contained in a simplicial $(n-2)$-complex is equivalent …

Study on minimal disks in metric spaces, focusing on branch set structure.

We consider 3-dimensional pseudo-manifolds M with a given set of marked point V such that M-V is the interior of a compact 3-manifold with boundary. An ideal triangulation T of (M, V ) has V as its set of vertices. A branching (T, b) enhances T to a Delta-complex. Branched triangulations of (M, V ) are considered up to…

In this paper we study the homeomorphisms of the disk that are liftable with respect to a simple branched covering. Since any such homeomorphism maps the branch set of the covering onto itself and liftability is invariant up to isotopy fixing the branch set, we are dealing in fact with liftable braids. We prove that th…

We show that an entire branched cover of finite distortion cannot have a compact branch set if its distortion satisfies a certain asymptotic growth condition. We furthermore show that this bound is strict by constructing an entire, continuous, open and discrete mapping of finite distortion which is piecewise smooth, ha…

We study global injectivity of proper branched coverings defined on the Euclidean $n$-ball in the case when the branch set is compact. In particular we show that such mappings are homeomorphisms when $n=3$ or when the branch set is empty. This proves the corresponding cases of a question of Vuorinen from [Vuo79].

We show that, if the local dimension of the branch set of a discrete and open mapping $f\colon M\to N$ between $n$-manifolds is less than $(n-2)$ at a point $y$ of the image of the branch set $fB_f$, then the local monodromy of $f$ at $y$ is perfect. In particular, for generalized branched covers between $n$-manifolds …

Minimal surfaces with complex branching structures constructed using various methods.

Uniformly branching trees are equivalent to certain metric spaces.

Branched covers between Riemann surfaces are associated with certain combinatorial data, and Hurwitz existence problem asks whether given data satisfying those combinatorial constraints can be realized by some branched cover. We connect recent development in spherical conic metrics to this old problem, and give a new m…

New examples of Z/2 harmonic 1-forms and their branching sets are explored.

Techniques for constructing codimension 2 embeddings and immersions of the 2 and 3-fold branched covers of the 3 and 4-dimensional spheres are presented. These covers are in braided form, and it is in this sense that they are folded. More precisely the composition of the embedding (or immersion) and the canonical proje…

We discuss the issue of branching in quasiregular mapping, and in particular the relation between branching and the problem of finding geometric parametrizations for topological manifolds. Other recent progress and open problems of a more function theoretic nature are also presented.

The paper details folding of branched covers of the 3-sphere over knots.

We consider triangulations of closed surfaces S with a given set of vertices V; every triangulation can be branched that is enhanced to a Delta-complex. Branched triangulations are considered up to the b-transit equivalence generated by b-flips (i.e. branched diagonal exchanges) and isotopy keeping V point-wise fixed. …

\noindent Given a Riemann surface $M$, the \emph{complexity} of a branched cover of $M$ to the Riemann sphere $S^2$, of degree $d$ and with branching set of cardinality $n \geq 3$, is defined as $d$ times the hyperbolic area of the complement of its branching set in $S^2$. A branched cover $p \colon M \to S^2$ of degre…

Study shows certain knots can't be sliced using 2-fold branched covers.

We prove the long-standing Montesinos conjecture that any closed oriented PL 4-manifold M is a simple covering of S^4 branched over a locally flat surface (cf [J M Montesinos, 4-manifolds, 3-fold covering spaces and ribbons, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 245 (1978) 453--467]). In fact, we show how to eliminate all the node s…

Study covers of sphere with homeomorphisms lifting property.

New results on hypersurfaces show no branch points, improving smoothness.

We prove that Stein surfaces with boundary coincide up to orientation preserving diffeomorphisms with simple branched coverings of $\B^4$ whose branch set is a positive braided surface. As a consequence, we have that a smooth oriented 3-manifold is Stein fillable iff it has a positive open-book decomposition.

Gromov-Thurston covers have Betti numbers as expected.

Holomorphic projective structures and bundles are studied on surfaces, revealing affine spaces of parameters.

The branched virtual fibering theorem by Sakuma states that every closed orientable $3$-manifold with a Heegaard surface of genus $g$ has a branched double cover which is a genus $g$ surface bundle over the circle. It is proved by Brooks that such a surface bundle can be chosen to be hyperbolic. We prove that the minim…

Simple branched coverings established between certain 4-manifolds.

This paper is a continuation of the paper F. A. Arias and M. Malakhaltsev "A generalization of the Gauss-Bonnet and Hopf-Poincaré theorems", ArXiv:1510.01395 [MathDG] 5 Oct 2015. Let $π: E \to M$ be a locally trivial fiber bundle over a two-dimensional manifold $M$, and $Σ\subset M$ be a discrete subset. A subset $Q \s…

In the paper, we provide an effective method for the Lipschitz equivalence of two-branch Cantor sets and three-branch Cantor sets by studying the irreducibility of polynomials. We also find that any two Cantor sets are Lipschitz equivalent if and only if their contraction vectors are equivalent provided one of the cont…

Study of lifting maps in branched covers of 3-manifolds, showing non-injectivity.

Solve arc diagrams on surfaces via branched covers.

Branched covers are applied frequently in topology - most prominently in the construction of closed oriented PL d-manifolds. In particular, strong bounds for the number of sheets and the topology of the branching set are known for dimension d<=4. On the other hand, Izmestiev and Joswig described how to obtain a simplic…

In this paper, we introduce a new model for leveraging unlabeled data to improve generalization performances of image classifiers: a two-branch encoder-decoder architecture called HybridNet. The first branch receives supervision signal and is dedicated to the extraction of invariant class-related representations. The s…

In the 1980's, Almgren developed a theory of multi-valued Dirichlet energy minimizing functions on $n$ dimensional domains and used it, in an essential way, to bound the Hausdorff dimension of the singular sets of area minimizing rectifiable currents of dimension $n$ and codimension $\geq 2$. Recent work of the second …

Analyzes branch points of area-minimizing currents with non-2 planar frequency.

We propose the new Top-Dog-Index to quantify the historic deviation of the supply data of many small branches for a commodity group from sales data. On the one hand, the common parametric assumptions on the customer demand distribution in the literature could not at all be supported in our real-world data set. On the o…

Non-orientable 4-manifolds are simple branched coverings of RP^4 and twisted S^3-bundles.

New method finds unique branched surfaces in 3-manifolds.

Study on bending deformations in hyperbolic manifolds, generalizing Johnson and Millson's work.

In the present work, we study the decompositions of codimension-one transitions that alter the singular set the of stable maps of $S^3$ into $\mathbb{R}^3,$ the topological behaviour of the singular set and the singularities in the branch set that involves cuspidal curves and swallowtails that alter the singular set. W…

We propose here a geometric and topological setting for the study of branching effects arising in various fields of research, e.g. in statistical mechanics and turbulence theory. We describe various aspects that appear key points to us, and finish with a limit of such a construction which stand in the dynamics on proba…

Loi and Piergallini showed that a smooth compact, connected $4$-manifold $X$ with boundary admits a Stein structure if and only if $X$ is a simple branched cover of a $4$-disk $D^4$ branched along a positive braided surface $S$ in a bidisk $D_{1}^{2} \times D_{2}^{2} \approx D^4$. For each integer $N \geq 2$, we constr…

Paper uses RL to optimize branching strategy in B&B algorithms.

We are interested in finite groups acting orientation-preservingly on 3-manifolds (arbitrary actions, ie not necessarily free actions). In particular we consider finite groups which contain an involution with nonempty connected fixed point set. This condition is satisfied by the isometry group of any hyperbolic cyclic …

We study branched covering spaces in several contexts, proving that under suitable circumstances the cover satisfies the same upper curvature bounds as the base space. The first context is of a branched cover of an arbitrary metric space that satisfies Alexandrov's curvature condition CAT(k), over an arbitrary complete…

Unlike in hyperbolic geometry, the monodromy ideal triangulation of a hyperbolic once-punctured torus bundle $M_f$ has no natural geometric realisation in Cauchy-Riemann (CR) space. By introducing a new type of $3$--cell, we construct a different cell decomposition $\mathcal{D}_f$ of $M_f$ that is always realisable in …

Study determines left-orderable properties of knot covers.

We provide new branched covering representations for bounded and/or non-compact 4-manifolds, which extend the known ones for closed 4-manifolds. Assuming $M$ to be a connected oriented PL 4-manifold, our main results are the following: (1) if $M$ is compact with (possibly empty) boundary, there exists a simple branched…

A companion paper to "On knot Floer homology in branched double covers" applied to braided branched loci. We reprove the main result of that paper concerning alternating branched loci when projected to an annulus, without using Khovanov homology. This provides two advantages: 1) the results hold for integer coefficient…

We consider branched coverings which are simple in the sense that any point of the target has at most one singular preimage. The cobordism classes of $k$-fold simple branched coverings between $n$-manifolds form an abelian group $Cob^1(n,k)$. Moreover, $Cob^1(*,k) = \bigoplus_{n=0}^{\infty} Cob^1(n,k)$ is a module over…